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Prematurity and the burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus disease

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第1期12卷 8-18页

作者： Bernhard Resch Stefan Kurath-Koller Monika Eibisberger Werner Zenz research unit for neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Division of NeonatologyDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazAustria research unit for neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Medical University of GrazAustria research unit for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Division of General PediatricsDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazAustria

Background:Respiratory morbidity of former preterm infants and especially those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is high during infancy and early *** sources:We performed a review based on a literature search including EMBASE,MEDLINE,and CINAHL databases to identify all relevant papers published in the English and German literature on influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection associated with preterm infant,prematurity,and BPD between 1980 and ***:Recurrent respiratory symptoms remain common at preschool age,school age and even into young *** viral respiratory tract infections due to different pathogens cause significant morbidity and necessitate rehospitalizations during the fi rst years of *** uenza virus infection plays a minor role compared to respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)associated respiratory tract infection during infancy and early ***,particular morbidity to both viruses is ***:The particular burden of both viral diseases in preterm infants is dominated by RSV and its associated rehospitalizations during the fi rst two years of *** measures include vaccination against influenza virus of family members and caregivers and active immunization starting at the age of 6 months,and monthly injections of palivizumab during the cold season to avoid severe RSV disease and its sequelae.

关键词： bronchopulmonary dysplasia infl uenza preterm infant respiratory infectious disease respiratory syncytial virus

Early diagnosis and management of neonatal sepsis:a perspective

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 303-306页

作者： Li‑Zhong Du neonatal Intensive Care unit Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health3333 Binsheng RoadHangzhou 310052China

neonatal sepsis is an illness caused by bloodstream bacteria or fungal infections that affect newborn infants under 28 days of *** stands as a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units(NICUs).With the improved survival rates of very low-birth-weight or extremely premature infants,a growing number of these vulnerable infants are receiving intensive care and undergoing invasive procedures,making nosocomial infections a persistent challenge in *** mortality rate associated with neonatal sepsis varies depending on factors such as birth weight,gestational age,and other *** can also lead to a range of long-term health consequences,including neurodevelopmental disabilities like cerebral palsy,visual or hearing impairments,and cognitive ***,neonatal sepsis is linked to various adverse outcomes,including respiratory complications,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,nutritional and growth issues,and immunological dysfunction[1].Due to its atypical clinical presentation and the low rate of specific diagnostic indicators,such as a positive blood culture,accurately diagnosing neonatal sepsis is ***,the appropriateness of antibiotic treatment is often a matter of controversy.

关键词： neonatal mortality diagnosis

Metabolic dysregulation in term infants from SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第9期19卷 912-917页

作者： Mari Merce Cascant-Vilaplana Inmaculada Lara-Cantón Victoria Ramos-Garcia Alejandro Pinilla-González Álvaro Solaz-García Guillermo Quintás Purificación Marín-Reina Marta Aguar Laura Torrejón-Rodríguez Máximo Vento Julia Kuligowski María Cernada neonatal research unit Health Research Institute Hospital La FeUniversity Polytechnic Hospital La FeAvda.Fernando Abril Martorell 10646026ValenciaSpain Leitat Technological Center ValenciaSpain Analytical unit Health Research Institute La FeValenciaSpain Division of Neonatology University and Polytechnic Hospital La FeValenciaSpain

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)is a novel beta coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a severe infectious respiratory *** January 2020,the World Health Organization(WHO)d... 详细信息

关键词： mother respiratory acute

Evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness and carotid arterial stiffness in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第1期12卷 103-108页

作者： MuratÇiftel Berrin Demir Günay Kozan Osman Yılmaz Hasan Kahveci Ömer Kılıç Department of Pediatric Cardiology Erzurum Training and Research HospitalErzurumTurkey Department of Radiology Erzurum Training and Research HospitalErzurumTurkey Department of Ear Noseand ThroatErzurum Training and Research HospitalErzurumTurkey neonatal unit Erzurum Training and Research HospitalErzurumTurkey Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Erzurum Training and Research HospitalErzurumTurkey

Background:Adenotonsillar hypertrophy can produce cardiopulmonary disease in ***,it is unclear whether adenotonsillar hypertrophy causes *** study evaluated carotid intimamedia thickness and carotid arterial stiffness in children with adenotonsillar ***:The study included 40 children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy(age:5-10 years)and 36 healthy children with similar age and body mass *** blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and pulse pressure were measured in all *** intima-media thickness,carotid arterial systolic diameter,and carotid arterial diastolic diameter were measured using a high-resolution ultrasound *** on these measurements,carotid arterial strain,carotid artery distensibility,beta stiffness index,and elasticity modulus were ***:Carotid intima-media thickness was greater in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy(0.36±0.05 mm vs.0.34±0.04 mm,P=0.02)compared to healthy *** stiffness index(3.01±1.22 vs.2.98±0.98,P=0.85),elasticity modulus(231.39±99.23 vs.226.46±83.20,P=0.88),carotid arterial strain(0.17±0.06 vs.0.17±0.04,P=0.95),and carotid artery distensibility(13.14±3.88 vs.12.92±3.84,P=0.75)were similar between children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and the healthy ***:The present study revealed increased carotid intima-media thickness in children with adenotonsillar *** risk of subclinical atherosclerosis may be higher in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.

关键词： adenotonsillar hypertrophy carotid artery stiffness carotid intima media thickness subclinical atherosclerosis

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment promotes neural stem cell proliferation in the subventricular zone of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage

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Neural Regeneration research 2013年第13期8卷 1220-1227页

作者： Zhichun Feng Jing Liu Rong Ju Department of Neonatology & neonatal Intensive Care unit Bayi Children's Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of Beijing Military Command Department of Neonatology Chengdu Women's & Children's Central Hospital

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage has been used clinically for many years, but its effectiveness remains controversial. In addition, the mechanism of this potential neuroprotective effect remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the influence of hyperbaric oxygen on the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats （7 days old） subjected to hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Six hours after modeling, rats were treated with hyperbaric oxygen once daily for 7 days. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of 5-bromo-2＇-deoxyuridine positive and nestin positive cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal rats increased at day 3 after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and peaked at day 5. After hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the number of 5-bromo-2＇- deoxyuddine positive and nestin positive cells began to increase at day 1, and was significantly higher than that in normal rats and model rats until day 21. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that hyperbaric oxygen treatment could attenuate pathological changes to brain tissue in neonatal rats, and reduce the number of degenerating and necrotic nerve cells. Our experimental findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen treatment enhances the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, and has therapeutic potential for promoting neurological recovery following brain injury.

关键词： neural regeneration brain injury neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy hypoxic-ischemicbrain damage hyperbaric oxygen neural stem cells neurons proliferation subventricular zone neonatal rats nestin grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

Comparison of efficacy of folic acid and silymarin in the management of antiepileptic drug induced liver injury:a randomized clinical trial

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第3期16卷 296-302页

作者： Masoumeh Asgarshirazi Mamak Shariat Mahdi Sheikh Department of Pediatrics Vali-asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

BACKGROUND： Liver injury associated with antiepileptic drugs accounts for a large proportion of drug-induced liver injuries （DILI） in children. Although withdrawal of the causative agent is the only proved treatment for DILI, in some dinical situations it is not possible. Recent studies have reported promising results of using hepatoprotective drugs with antioxidant actions for the management of DILl. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of folic acid versus silymarin treatment in relation to decreasing liver enzymes in patients with DILI due to antiepileptic therapy. METHODS： This randomized, open-label, clinical trial evalu- ated 55 children with epilepsy who were on antiepileptic treat- ment and experienced DILL The children were randomized to receive either silymarin （5 mg/kg per day） or folic acid （1 mg per day） for one month and were followed up for three months. RESULTS： Liver enzymes significantly decreased in both groups. The decrease trend in alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） were stronger in the folic acid group compared to silymarin group （P=0.04 and P=0.007, respectively）. At the end of the study patients in the folic acid group had significantly lower ALT （P=0.04）, AST （P=0.02）, and gamma-glntamyl transferase （GGT）（P〈0.001） levels and also higher percentage of normal ALT （30.7% vs 3.4%, P=0.009） and AST （42.3% vs 0%, P〈0.001）, and GGT （23.1% vs 0%, P=0.008） values compared to the patients in the silymarin group. No rebound elevations in ALT, AST and GGT levels or adverse reactions were noted in neither of the study ***： Although both treatments were safe and effective in decreasing liver enzymes, folic acid seems to be superior to silymarin in the management of DILl.

关键词： anticonvulsant antiepileptic enzymes hepatitis hepatotoxicity

Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha J.Holdsworth Alistair J.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

Cellular targets in diabetic retinopathy therapy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1442-1462页

作者： María Lucía Rodríguez Iván Millán Ángel Luis Ortega Department of Physiology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of ValenciaBurjassot 46100ValenciaSpain neonatal research Group Health Research Institute La FeValencia 46026ValenciaSpain

Despite the existence of treatment for diabetes,inadequate metabolic control triggers the appearance of chronic complications such as diabetic *** retinopathy is considered a multifactorial disease of complex etiology in which oxidative stress and low chronic inflammation play essential *** exposure to hyperglycemia triggers a loss of redox balance that is critical for the appearance of neuronal and vascular damage during the development and progression of the *** therapies for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are used in advanced stages of the disease and are unable to reverse the retinal damage induced by *** lack of effective therapies without side effects means there is an urgent need to identify an early action capable of preventing the development of the disease and its pathophysiological consequences in order to avoid loss of vision associated with diabetic ***,in this review we propose different therapeutic targets related to the modulation of the redox and inflammatory status that,potentially,can prevent the development and progression of the disease.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy Oxidative stress Inflammation Cellular target Diabetic macular edema

The availability of probiotics and donor human milk is associated with improved survival in very preterm infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第5期14卷 492-497页

作者： Janet Sharpe Mandy Way Pieter J.Koorts Mark W.Davies Grantley Stable neonatal unit Department of NeonatologyRoyal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalButterfi eld StHerstonBrisbaneQLD 4029Australia Queensland Institute of Medical research and Royal Brisbane and W omen’s Hospital Statistical unit BrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of P ediatrics and Child Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Background To determine whether the introduction of pasteurized donor human milk and probiotics for infants born<32 weeks gestational age or<1500 g birthweight is associated with a reduction in mortality and the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and sepsis. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of two cohorts: before and after the introduction of probiotics and pasteurised donor human milk. Univariate analysis of primary and secondary outcomes was performed;variables impacting outcomes were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. Results There were 1791 infants: 1334 in the pre-donor milk/probiotic cohort and 457 in the post-donor milk/probiotic cohort. On univariate analysis, mortality (7.6 vs. 2.4%, P<0.001) and incidence of sepsis (6.2 vs. 3.5%, P=0.028) were statistically significantly lower in the post-donor milk/probiotic group. NEC (2.8 vs. 1.5%, P=0.14) and non-NEC associ-ated gastrointestinal perforation (1.6 vs. 0.4%, P=0.052) were lower in the post-donor milk/probiotics cohort, but these were not statistically significant. The difference in mortality remained statistically significant on multivariate analysis in the post-donor milk/probiotic cohort compared to those in the pre-donor milk/probiotic cohort (odds ratio 0.31, 95% confidence interval 0.16–0.61). The decrease in the incidence of NEC was consistent with previous observational studies but the differ-ence was not statistically significant. Conclusion The availability of probiotics and pasteurised donor human milk is associated with a reduction in mortality in very preterm infants.

关键词： Enterocolitis necrotizing Infant newborn Milk human Milk banks Probiotics