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Iridoids modulate inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: A review

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2024年第3期22卷 210-222页

作者： Tong-yi Zhou Na Tian Liu Li Rong Yu The First Clinical College of chinese medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina Hunan Provincial key Laboratory of Translational Research in Traditional chinese medicine Prescriptions and Zheng Changsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina

In recent years,preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the forefront of scientific and clinical *** has become a pervasive complication of type 2 *** the complexity of its etiology and pathological mechanisms,current interventions,including drugs,dietary modifications,exercise,hypoglycemic treatments and lipid-lowering methods,often fall short in achieving desired therapeutic ***,primarily derived from the potent components of traditional herbs,have been the subject of long-standing *** data suggest that iridoids possess notable renal protective properties;however,there has been no summary of the research on their efficacy in the management and treatment of *** article consolidates findings from in vivo and in vitro research on iridoids in the context of DKD and highlights their shared anti-inflammatory activities in treating this ***,it explores how certain iridoid components modify their chemical structures through the regulation of intestinal flora,potentially bolstering their therapeutic *** review provides a focused examination of the mechanisms through which iridoids may prevent or treat DKD,offering valuable insights for future research endeavors.

关键词： Diabetic kidney disease Iridoids Gut-kidney axis Traditional chinese medicine monomer Inflammation

Gut-targeted therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： Tian-Cheng Xu Yun Liu Zhi Yu Bin Xu key Laboratory of Acupuncture and medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin *** global prevalence of T2DM has reached epidemic proportions,affecting approximately 463 million adults worldwide in *** treatments for T2DM include lifestyle modifications,oral antidiabetic agents,and insulin ***,these therapies may carry side effects and fail to achieve optimal glycemic control in some ***,there is a growing interest in the role of gut microbiota and more gut-targeted therapies in the management of *** gut microbiota,which refers to the community of microorganisms that inhabit the human gut,has been shown to play a crucial role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin *** in gut microbiota composition and diversity have been observed in T2DM patients,with a reduction in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pathogenic *** dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease by promoting inflammation and impairing gut barrier *** gut-targeted therapies have been developed to modulate the gut microbiota and improve glycemic control in *** potential approach is the use of probio-tics,which are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate *** randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that certain probiotics,such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species,can improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in T2DM *** may include the production of short-chain fatty acids,the improvement of gut barrier function,and the reduction of *** gut-targeted therapy is fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),which involves the transfer of fecal material from a healthy donor to a *** has been used successfully in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection and is now being investigated as a potential therapy for T2DM.A recent rand

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Gastroenterology Bacteria Implanted device

In vivo imaging of the neuronal response to spinal cord injury:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 811-817页

作者： Junhao Deng Chang Sun Ying Zheng Jianpeng Gao Xiang Cui Yu Wang Licheng Zhang Peifu Tang Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Department of Orthopedics Air Force Medical CenterPLA Medical School of chinese PLA Institute of Orthopedics The First Medical CenterChinese PLA General Hospital key Lab of Regenerative medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA

Deciphering the neuronal response to injury in the spinal cord is essential for exploring treatment strategies for spinal cord injury(SCI).However,this subject has been neglected in part because appropriate tools are *** in vivo imaging and labeling methods offer great potential for observing dynamic neural processes in the central nervous system in conditions of health and *** review first discusses in vivo imaging of the mouse spinal cord with a focus on the latest imaging techniques,and then analyzes the dynamic biological response of spinal cord sensory and motor neurons to *** then summarize and compare the techniques behind these studies and clarify the advantages of in vivo imaging compared with traditional neuroscience ***,we identify the challenges and possible solutions for spinal cord neuron imaging.

关键词： anterior horn neurons calcium imaging central nervous system dorsal horn neurons dorsal root ganglion in vivo imaging neuronal response spinal cord injury spinal cord two-photon microscopy

An antibiotic-free platform for eliminating persistent Helicobacter pylori infection without disrupting gut microbiota

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 3184-3204页

作者： Yongkang Lai Tinglin Zhang Xiaojing Yin Chunping Zhu Yiqi Du Zhaoshen Li Jie Gao Department of Gastroenterology Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Changhai Clinical Research Unit Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Gastroenterology Ganzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang UniversityGanzhou 341000China National key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai key Laboratory of nautical medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices Shanghai 200433China

Helicobacter pylori(***)infection remains the leading cause of gastric adenocarcinoma,and its eradication primarily relies on the prolonged and intensive use of two ***,antibiotic resistance has become a compelling health issue,leading to *** eradication treatment failure ***,the powerlessness of antibiotics against biofilms,as well as intracellular *** and the long-term damage of antibiotics to the intestinal microbiota,have also created an urgent demand for antibiotic-free ***,we describe an antibiotic-free,multifunctional copperorganic framework(HKUST-1)platform encased in a lipid layer comprising phosphatidic acid(PA),rhamnolipid(RHL),and cholesterol(CHOL),enveloped in chitosan(CS),and loaded in an ascorbyl palmitate(AP)hydrogel:AP@CS@Lip@*** platform targets inflammatory sites where *** aggregates through electrostatic ***,hydrolysis by matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)releases CS-encased nanoparticles,disrupting bacterial urease activity and membrane ***,RHL disperses biofilms,while PA promotes lysosomal acidification and activates host autophagy,enabling clearance of intracellular ***,AP@CS@Lip@HKUST-1 alleviates inflammation and enhances mucosal repair through delayed Cu^(2+) release while preserving the intestinal ***,this platform presents an advanced therapeutic strategy for eradicating persistent *** infection without inducing drug resistance.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori infection Antibiotic-free Biofilms Autophagy Gastric mucosal repair Drug resistance Intestinal microbiota Anti-inflammation

Fossil Equidae in the Linxia Basin with Biostratigraphic and Paleozoogeographic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 1-9页

作者： SUN Boyang key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of the chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

The Linxia Basin is characterized by an abundance of Cenozoic sediments,that contain exceptionally rich fossil *** are abundant in the Linxia Basin,the fossil record of equids in this region including 16 species that represent 10 *** comparison to other classic late Cenozoic areas in China,the Linxia Basin stands out,because the fauna and chronological data accompanying Linxia equids render them remarkably useful for *** anchitheriines in the region,such as Anchitherium and Sinohippus,represent early equids that appeared in the late stages of the middle and late Miocene,*** the equines,most species of chinese hipparions have been identified in the Linxia Basin and some species of the genera Hipparion and Hippotherium have FAD records for ***,Equus eisenmannae is one of the earliest known species of Equus in the Old World and is well-represented at the Longdan *** species with precise geohistorical distributions can serve as standards for high-resolution chronological units within this *** at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and subject to considerable uplift,the Linxia Basin has served as a biogeographic transition area for equids throughout the late Cenozoic.

关键词： Equidae Cenozoic biostratigraphy paleozoogeography Linxia Basin

Genome Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum:A Preliminary Observation-Sierra Leone,2022-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第17期6卷 368-373页

作者： Tianyu Wang Haimo Shen Bin Xu Wanxuan Yang Shenbo Chen Junhu Chen National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Centre for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic medicine Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina School of Global Health Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center(Hainan Sub-Center Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)Haikou CityHainan ProvinceChina.

Summary What is already known about this topic?Sierra Leone,with a gross domestic product(GDP)per capita below$300 and significant poverty,ranks among the world’s least developed countries(LDCs).Despite its modest population of 8.6 million,the nation reports approximately 2.6 million malaria cases ***,there has been no reporting on the malaria genome data from this *** is added by this report?In this study,we present the first reported wholegenome sequence analysis of 19 high parasite-density Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Sierra Leone,providing insights into the genomic epidemiology of this high-prevalence *** found a high degree of relatedness among infections and substantial genetic diversity,consistent with the gradual reduction in overall case ***,our whole-genome analysis revealed that,beyond drug-resistance genes,gene families related to blood cell invasion,immune evasion,and others are undergoing directional *** suggests that the population in Sierra Leone has developed a relatively strong acquired *** are the implications for public health practice?The genomic data not only facilitate the creation of single nucleotide polymorphism barcodes for case tracking but also enable the analysis of evolving transmission dynamics and selection ***,the samples from Sierra Leone exhibited higher selective pressures on resistance genes compared to those from Asia,a trend not commonly observed in other African *** suggests that less stringent healthcare systems and inconsistent treatment strategies can subject parasites to increased drug pressure,thereby accelerating the development of resistant strains.

关键词： epidemiology invasion Observation

Total glucosides of paeony alleviates cGAS-STING-mediated diseases by blocking the STING-IRF3 interaction

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chinese Journal of Natural medicines 2024年第5期22卷 402-415页

作者： XIU Ye WANG Sihao ZHANG Ping LI Chengwei WU Zhixin WEN Jincai XU Yingjie LV Guiji ZHAO Xiaomei DONG Xu CHEN Yichong LI Junjie WANG Yan ZOU Liang XIAO Xiaohe BAI Zhaofang School of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350122China Department of Hepatology The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China China Military Institute of chinese Materia Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Pharmacy Medical Supplies Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China School of Food and Biological Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China National key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China

In the realm of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathway has been thoroughly investigated and *** this,the clinical approval of drugs targeting the cGAS-STING pathway has been *** Total glucosides of paeony(TGP)is highly anti-inflammatory and is commonly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA),emerged as a subject of our *** found that the TGP markedly reduced the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway,triggered by various cGAS-STING agonists,in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMDMs)and Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1(THP-1)*** inhibition was noted alongside the suppression of interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3)phosphorylation and the expression of interferon-beta(IFN-β),C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10(CXCL10),and inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6).The mechanism of action appeared to involve the TGP’s attenuation of the STING-IRF3 interaction,without affecting STING oligomerization,thereby inhibiting the activation of downstream signaling *** vivo,the TGP hindered the initiation of the cGAS-STING pathway by the STING agonist dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid(DMXAA)and exhibited promising therapeutic effects in a model of acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and D-galactosamine(D-GalN).Our findings underscore the potential of the TGP as an effective inhibitor of the cGAS-STING pathway,offering a new treatment avenue for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases mediated by this pathway.

关键词： Total glucosides of gaeony cGAS-STING pathway Inflammation LPS/D-GalN STING inhibitor

Effect of Incoming Vortex on Secondary Flows in Turbine Cascades with Planar and Non-Axisymmetric Endwall

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 138-157页

作者： CAO Zhiyuan WANG Chuxuan SONG Zhigao GAO Xi ZHAO Wei LIU Bo School of Power and Energy Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China National key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerodynamic Design and Research Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China

Non-Axisymmetric Endwall Profiling(NAEP) is commonly utilized in turbines to eliminate secondary ***,most of the NAEP methods consider a single-blade row environment without incorporating the effect of the stage *** paper aims to investigate the influence mechanism of the incoming vortex on the endwall secondary flow structures of NAEP in a highly loaded turbine *** model the incoming vortex in a stage environment,this study considers a half-delta wing as the vortex generator at the upstream of the turbine *** NAEP is then carried out for a highly loaded turbine cascade with an in-house numerical optimization design platform subject to no incoming *** simulation is also carried out under the influence of the incoming vortex for the turbine cascades with both planar and non-axisymmetric *** paper furthers investigated the pitchwise effect of the incoming vortex on the near endwall secondary *** results indicate that the NAEP effectively improves the endwall secondary flow of the turbine cascade,where the total pressure loss coefficient and the secondary kinetic energy(SKE) are reduced by 7.3%,and 45.7%,*** is further seen that with the incoming vortex,the NAEP achieves a considerable control effect on the endwall secondary flow of the turbine *** incoming vortex,the NAEP can still achieve considerable control effect on the endwall secondary flow of the turbine cascade;the averaged reductions of loss coefficient and SKE are 7.8% and 14.2%,*** some pitchwise locations,incoming vortex can suppress the convection of cross-passage flow toward the suction corner greatly and reduce the loss coefficient of the baseline *** incoming vortex at 4/7 pitch impinged right at the blade leading edge,leading to the generation of low-momentum fluid,which increased the size and the strength of the horseshoe *** all the pitchwise locations,NAEP can suppress the seco

关键词： non-axisymmetric endwall secondary flow incoming vortex passage vortex stage environment

Synergetic Control of Li+ Transport Ability and Solid Electrolyte Interphase by Boron-Rich Hexagonal Skeleton Structured All-Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 158-167页

作者： Yanan Li Shunchao Ma Yuehua Zhao Silin Chen Tingting Xiao Hongxing Yin Huiyu Song Xiumei Pan Lina Cong Haiming Xie Department of Chemistry National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power BatteryNortheast Normal University State key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

High Li+transference number electrolytes have long been understood to provide attractive candidates for realizing uniform deposition of Li+.However,such electrolytes with immobilized anions would result in incomplete solid electrolyte interphase （SEI） formation on the Li anode because it suffers from the absence of appropriate inorganic components entirely derived from anions ***,a boron-rich hexagonal polymer structured all-solid-state polymer electrolyte （BSPE+ 10%LiBOB）with regulated intermolecular interaction is proposed to trade off a high Li+transference number against stable SEI *** Li+transference number of the as-prepared electrolyte is increased from 0.23 to 0.83 owing to the boron-rich cross-linker （BC） *** intriguingly,for the first time,the experiments combined with theoretical calculation results reveal that BOB-anions have stronger interaction with B atoms in polymer chain than TFSI-,which significantly induce the TFSI-decomposition and consequently increase the amount of LiF and Li3N in the SEI ***,a LiFePO4|BSPE+ 10%LiBOBlLi cell retains 96.7%after 400 cycles while the cell without BC-resisted electrolyte only retains 40.8%.BSPE+ 10%LiBOB also facilitates stable electrochemical cycling of solid-state Li-S *** study blazes a new trail in controlling the Li+transport ability and SEI properties,synergistically.

关键词： all-solid-state electrolyte boron-rich polymer lithium metal batteries lithium-ion transference number solid electrolyte interphase layer