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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 184-193页

作者： Li Chen Gong Zhang Huijuan Liu Shiyu Miao Qingbai Chen Huachun Lan Jiuhui Qu Center for Water and ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Efficient metal recovery from industrial wastewater facilitates addressing of the environmental hazards and resource requirements of heavy *** conventional electrodeposition recovery method is hampered by the limitations of interfacial ion transport in charge-transfer reactions,creating challenges for simultaneous rapid and high-quality metal ***,we proposed integrating a transient electric field(TE)and swirling flow(SF)to synchronously enhance bulk mass transfer and promote interfacial ion *** investigated the effects of the operation mode,transient frequency,and flow rate on metal recovery,enabling determination of the optimal operating conditions for rapid and efficient sequential recovery of Cu in TE&SF *** conditions included low and high electric levels of 0 and 4 V,a 50%duty cycle,1 kHz frequency,and 400 L·h^(-1)flow *** kinetic coefficients of TE&SF electrodeposition were 3.5-4.3 and 1.37-1.97 times that of single TE and SF electrodeposition,*** the deposition process under TE and SF conditions confirmed the efficient concurrence of interfacial ion transport and charge transfer under TE and SF synergy,which achieved rapid and highquality metal ***,the combined deposition strategy is considered an effective technique for reducing metal pollution and promoting resource recycling.

关键词： Ion transport Reaction kinetics Transient electric field Swirling flow

Effects of acid deposition control in China:a review based on responses of subtropical forests

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 115-126页

作者： Danni Xie Xiaodong Ge Lei Duan Jan Mulder School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China State Key laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and natural resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesBox 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

For many decades,acid deposition used to pose a significant regional air pollution challenge in *** substantial emission control of anthropogenically derived sulfur and nitrogen containing gasses,both sulfur and nitrogen deposition,as well as the acid rain-affected area,have significantly decreased compared to their peak ***,particularly in the humid subtropics,are sensitive to acid deposition,as evidenced by soil acidification,sulfate and nitrate leaching in stream water,and elevated soil nitrous oxide *** in the total deposition of sulfur and nitrogen,caused a significant decline in sulfate and nitrate leaching from subtropical forest and subsequently in sulfate and nitrate concentrations in stream water,although there was about a 5-year *** delay may be attributed to the desorption of accumulated sulfate and continued elevated mineralization of accumulated nitrogen *** of nitrous oxide,a potent greenhouse gas,also declined in nitrogen-saturated subtropical forest soils,as soil water nitrate concentration ***,subtropical forests in China suffering from elevated acid deposition have begun to ***,the current levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition continue to exceed the critical loads,i.e.,the assigned threshold levels in accordance with emission control policies,in more than 10%of the country’s land area,respectively,indicating remaining risks of acidification and ***,further emission reductions are urgently needed,also because they will help achieving goals related to air quality and nitrous oxide emissions.

关键词： Acidification Critical load Nitrous oxide Surface water chemistry Recovery

Host plant traits play a crucial role in shaping the composition of epiphytic microbiota in the arid desert,Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第5期16卷 699-724页

作者： ZHANG Jun ZHANG Yuanming ZHANG Qi State Key laboratory of Desert and Oasis ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Field Scientific Observation Research Station of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest Ecosystem Yili Botanical GardenXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China College of Life Sciences Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China

Phyllosphere microorganisms are a crucial component of environmental microorganisms,highly influenced by host characteristics,and play a significant role in plant health and ***,the impact of host characteristics on shaping phyllosphere microbial communities of plants with different life forms remains *** high-throughput sequencing technology,this study analyzed the diversity and community composition of phyllosphere epiphytic microorganisms(e.g.,bacteria and fungi)of various plant life forms in the hinterland of the Gurbantunggut Desert,Northwest *** annotation of prokaryotic taxa(FAPROTAX)and fungi function guild(FUNGuild)were employed to assess the ecological functions of microorganisms and to investigate the role of stochastic and deterministic processes in shaping phyllosphere microbial *** showed a diverse array of phyllosphere epiphytic microorganisms in the desert plants,with Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria,and Actinobacteriota dominating bacterial community,while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were prevalent in fungal *** across different plant life forms highlighted distinct microbial communities,indicating strong filtering effects by plant *** prediction identified intracellular parasites(accounting for 27.44%of bacterial community abundance),chemoheterotrophy(10.12%),and phototrophy(17.41%)as the main functions of epiphytic bacteria on leaves of different life form *** prediction indicated that phyllosphere epiphytic fungi primarily served as Saprotrophs(81.77%),Pathotrophs(17.41%),and Symbiotrophs(0.82%).Co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated a predominance of positive correlations among different microbial ***-Crick dissimilarity index analysis revealed that deterministic processes predominantly influenced phyllosphere bacterial and fungal community *** partitioning analysis and random forest modeling suggested that pla

关键词： phyllosphere epiphytic bacteria phyllosphere epiphytic fungi community structure community diversity functional diversity plant life form plant functional traits

Asexual Reproduction of Aurelia coerulea Polyps in situ on Settling Plates in Jiaozhou Bay, China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1371-1380页

作者： MI Tiezhu ZHU Jianbin ZHEN Yu WANG Guoshan WANG Jianyan Key laboratory of Marine Environment and ecology Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China laboratory for Marine ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ocean University of China National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service Ministry of Natural Resources Department of Life Sciences National Natural History Museum of China

Jellyfish blooms are increasingly prevalent coastal phenomena, with Aurelia coerulea being a significant contributor. The complex life history of jellyfish, featuring a sessile polyp stage, is a key factor in bloom formation, yet it is challenging to study in the field. This study aimed to describe the asexual reproduction of A. coerulea polyps in Jiaozhou Bay, China, and to assess their ability to form sedentary colonies and their relationship with environmental factors. Using settling plates, we observed polyps in situ and documented three asexual reproduction modes: budding, strobilation, and podocyst formation. Environmental parameters including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen(DO), chlorophyll a(Chl a), and the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton were monitored. Budding was the predominant reproductive method, featuring stolon budding in autumn and direct budding during the winter and spring seasons. Strobilation took place in the colder months, releasing ephyrae between April and May. Polyp abundance was positively correlated with seawater temperature and negatively correlated with DO concentration. Polyps at 1.0 m depth showed higher survivorship and proliferation over 8 months, whereas those at 2.0 m depth experienced a steady decline and died within 4 months. The study enhances our understanding of the life cycle and asexual reproduction strategies of A. coerulea polyps in the field, with implications for predicting and managing jellyfish blooms. The findings underscore the importance of temperature and DO in polyp survival and suggest that initial polyp population proliferation is crucial for long-term survival.

关键词： asexual reproduction budding jellyfish bloom polyps strobilation

On the Shallowing of Antarctic Low-Level Temperature Inversions Projected by CESM-LE under RCP8.5

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 586-599页

作者： Minghu DING Lin ZHANG Tingfeng DOU Yi HUANG Yingyan LUO Junmei LYU Cunde XIAO State Key laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China Key laboratory of Meteorology and Ecological Environment of Hebei Province Hebei Provincial Institute of Meteorological SciencesShijiazhuang050021China College of resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and resource ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Temperature inversions are frequently observed in the boundary layer and lower troposphere of polar *** variations of the low-level temperature inversions in these regions,especially the Antarctic,are still poorly *** to the scarcity of observations in the Antarctic,reanalysis data and numerical simulations are often used in the study of Antarctic climate *** on ERA-Interim,ERA5,JRA-55,and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis products,this study examines temporal and spatial variations of Antarctic inversion depth in austral autumn and winter during *** inversions are found to occur over the high plateau areas of the Antarctic *** on the Mann-Kendall test,ERA-Interim and ERA5 data reveal that the Antarctic inversion depth in austral autumn and winter increased during 1992-2007,roughly maintained afterwards,and then significantly decreased since around *** decrease trend is more obvious in the last two months of ***,JRA-55 better represents the spatial distribution of inversion depth,and ERA-Interim has better interannual *** Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble(CESM-LE)30-member simulations in 1979-2005 were first verified against JRA-55,showing reasonable consistency,and were then used to project the future changes of Antarctic low-level inversion depth over 2031-2050 under *** CESM-LE projection results reveal that the temperature inversion will shallow in the Antarctic at the end of the 21st century,and the decrease in depth in autumn will be more pronounced than that in *** particular,the temperature inversion will weaken over the ice-free ocean,while it will remain stable over the ice sheet,showing certain spatial heterogeneity and seasonal dependence on the underlying cryospheric surface *** addition,the decrease of inversion depth is found closely linked with the reduction in sea ice,suggesting the strong effect of global warming on the thermal structure change o

关键词： boundary layer temperature inversion Antarctic climate change Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble(CESM-LE)

Parkland trees on smallholder farms ameliorate soil physical-chemical properties in the semi-arid area of Tigray,Ethiopia

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Selam LJALEM Emiru BIRHANE Kassa TEKA Daniel H BERHE Department of Land resources Management and Environmental Protection College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural ResourcesMekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia Institute of Climate and Society Mekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia Faculty of Environmental Sciences and natural resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)Ås 1432Norway Department of natural resources Management Adigrat UniversityAdigrat 50Ethiopia

Proposed agroforestry options should begin with the species that farmers are most familiar with,which would be the native multipurpose trees that have evolved under smallholder farms and socioeconomic *** African birch(Anogeissus leiocarpa(DC.)Guill.&Perr.)and pink jacaranda(Stereospermum kunthianum Cham.)trees are the dominant species in the agroforestry parkland system in the drylands of Tigray,*** farmers highly value these trees for their multifunctional uses including timber,firewood,charcoal,medicine,*** trees also could improve soil ***,the amount of soil physical and chemical properties enhanced by the two species must be determined to maintain the sustainable conservation of the species in the parklands and to scale up to similar agroecological ***,we selected twelve isolated trees,six from each species that had similar dendrometric characteristics and were growing in similar environmental *** divided the canopy cover of each tree into three radial distances:mid-canopy,canopy edge,and canopy gap(control).At each distance,we took soil samples from three different *** collected 216 soil samples(half disturbed and the other half undisturbed)from each canopy position and soil *** density(BD),soil moisture content(SMC),soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),available phosphorus(AP),available potassium(AK),p H,electrical conductivity(EC),and cation exchange capacity(CEC)were *** revealed that soil physical and chemical properties significantly improved except for soil texture and EC under both species,CEC under ***,and soil p H under ***,all the studied soils were improved under both species canopy as compared with canopy ***,TN,AP,and AK under canopy of these trees were respectively 24.1%,11.1%,55.0%,and 9.3% higher than those soils under *** two parkland agroforestry species significantly enhanced soil fertility near the canopy of top

关键词： agroforestry bulk density carbon stock dispersed tree soil texture tree canopy

Construction of cytomegalovirus promoter-driven gene expression system in Laodelphax striatellus

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 720-732页

作者： Xiaohui Cheng Wan Zhao Guohua Liang Hong Lu Yumei Fu Yiming Li Feng Cui State Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Insttute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BejingChina School of Life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaodingHebei China Key laboratory of Animal ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina Institute of Wetland ecology&Clone ecologyl Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Plant Evolutionary ecology and Conservation Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina

The small brown planthopper(SBPH,Laodelphax striatellus)is a significant rice pest,responsible for transmitting rice stripe virus(RSV)in a persistent and propagative *** is one of the most detrimental rice viruses,causing rice stripe disease,which results in considerable loss of rice grain *** RNA interference and gene knockout techniques have enabled gene downregulation in SBPH,no system currently exists for the overexpression of endogenous or exogenous ***,the development of a protein expression system for SBPH is imperative to serve as a technical foundation for pest control and gene function *** study aimed to construct an expression vector using the promoter of the constitutive-expressed tubulin gene of SBPH,and promoter of human cytomegalovirus(CMV).Fluorescence experiments demonstrated that both tubulin and CMV promoter could drive green fluorescent protein(GFP)expression in SBPH,and could also facilitate the expression of a nucleocapsid protein(NP)-GFP fusion protein containing viral NP with comparable *** expression vector optimization,we have identified that the 3 tandem CMV promoters display a significantly higher promoter activity compared with both the 2 tandem CMV promoters and the single CMV *** addition,the incorporation of Star polycation nanoparticles significantly enhanced the expression efficiency in *** results provide a promising technical platform for investigating gene functions in SBPH.

关键词： cytomegalovirus promoter gene expression system nanoparticle small brown planthopper

First wetland mapping at 10-m spatial resolution in South America using multi-source and multi-feature remote sensing data

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3252-3269页

作者： Weiwei SUN Gang YANG Yuling HUANG Dehua MAO Ke HUANG Lin ZHU Xiangchao MENG Tian FENG Chao CHEN Yong GE Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques Ningbo University State Key laboratory of resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences natural resources and Planning Bureau Shanghai Pudong New District Key laboratory of Wetland ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology

Wetland degradation has been accelerating in recent years globally. Accurate information on the geographic distribution and categories of wetlands is essential for their conservation and management. Despite being the world′s fourth largest continent, South America has limited research on wetland mapping, and there is currently no available map that provides comprehensive information on wetland distribution and categories in the region. To address this issue, we used Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 and SRTM data, developed a sample collection method and a wetland mapping method with a collection of multi-source features such as optical features, polarization features and shape features for South American wetlands. We produced a 10-m resolution wetland map based on the Google Earth Engine（GEE） platform. Our Level-1 wetland cover map accurately captured six wetland sub-categories with an overall accuracy of 96.24% and a kappa coefficient of 0.8649, while our Level-2 water cover map included five sub-categories with an overall accuracy of 97.23% and a kappa coefficient of0.9368. The results show that the total area of existing wetlands in South America is approximately 1,737,000 km2, which is6.8% of the total land area. Among the ten wetland categories, shallow sea had the largest area（960,527.4 km2）, while aquaculture ponds had the smallest area 1513.6 km2. Swamp had the second largest area（306,240.1 km2）. Brazil, Argentina,Venezuela, Bolivia, and Colombia were found to have the largest wetland areas, with Brazil and Colombia having the most diverse wetland categories. This product can serve as baseline data for subsequent monitoring, management, and conservation of South American wetlands.

关键词： Wetland mapping Google Earth Engine Sentinel imagery South America

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Nitrogen mineralization in the oldest climax communities in the eastern Mediterranean region

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 213-228页

作者： Fatma Selcen Sakar Gürcan Güleryüz Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleGraduate School of Natural and Applied ScienceUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey Department of Biology Section Ecology GörükleFaculty of Science and ArtsUniversity of Bursa Uludağ16059 NilüferBursaTurkey

In this study,we investigated how tree species affect N mineralization in connection to some soil properties and seconder metabolite levels of litter,in the soil of the old-est native forest *** the oldest pure communi-ties of Pinus nigra(PN),Fagus orientalis(FO),and Abies bornmuelleriana(AB)in the mountain range of Mount Uludağ,Bursa,Turkey,annual net yield and N mineraliza-tion in the 0-5-and 5-20-cm soil layers were determined in a field incubation study over 1 *** locations were chosen from 1300 to 1600 m a.s.l.,and moisture content(%),pH,water-holding capacity(%),organic C,total N,and C/N ratio,and annual net mineral N yield of the soil and hydro-lyzed tannic acid and total phenolic compounds in litter were compared for these forest *** had the highest annual net Nmin yield(43.9±4.8 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)),*** the lowest(30.5±4.2 kg ha^(-1) a^(-1)).Our findings show that in the oldest forest ecosystems,the seasonal soil moisture content and tree species play an essential role in N cycling and that hydrolyzed tannic acids and total phenolic compounds effectively control N *** acid and total phenolics in the litter were found to inhibit nitrification,but total phenolics were found to stimulate ammonification.

关键词： Oldest forest communities Nitrogen mineralization Nitrification Tannic acid Total phenolic Litter

Spatial patterns of zooplankton abundance,biovolume,and size structure in response to environmental variables:a case study in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 113-127页

作者： Song SUN Haochen XIAN Xiaoxia SUN Mingliang ZHU Mengtan LIU Key laboratory of Marine ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Jiaozhou Bay National Marine Ecosystem Research Station Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China laboratory for Marine ecology and Environmental Science Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

The Yellow Sea(YS)and East China Sea(ECS)are highly dynamic marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific *** gain an in-depth understanding of zooplankton community structure,zooplankton abundance,biovolume,and size structure in summer 2017 in the YS and ECS were assessed using ZooScan imaging *** abundance and biovolume ranged 2.94–1187.14 inds./m^(3)and 3.13–3438.51 mm^(3)/m^(3),*** on the biovolume data of the categorized size classes of 26 identified taxonomic groups,the zooplankton community was classified into five groups,and each group was coupled with distinctive oceanographic *** the influence of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass,the Yellow Sea offshore group featured the lowest bottom temperature(10.84±3.42℃)and the most abundant Calanoids(mainly in the 2–3 mm size class).In the Yellow Sea inshore group,Hydrozoans showed the largest biovolume and dominated in the 3–4-mm and>5-mm size *** East China Sea offshore group,which was affected by the Kuroshio Branch Current,featured high temperature and salinity,and the lowest bottom dissolved oxygen(2.58±0.5 mg/L).The lowest values of zooplankton abundance and biovolume in the East China Sea offshore group might be attributed to the bottom dissolved oxygen *** East China Sea inshore group,which was mainly influenced by the Zhejiang-Fujian Coastal Current and Changjiang Diluted Water,was characterized by high chlorophyll a and the largest biovolume of carnivorous Siphonophores(280.82±303.37 mm^(3)/m^(3)).The Changjiang River estuary offshore group showed the most abundant Cyclopoids,which might be associated with the less turbid water mass in this *** temperature was considered the most important factor in shaping the size compositions of Calanoids in different groups.

关键词： zooplankton size structure ZooScan Yellow Sea East China Sea