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Salinity fronts shape spatial patterns in zooplankton distribution in Hangzhou Bay

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 96-106页

作者： Yepeng Xu Yiqi Wang Lin Zhan Yijun Ou Kangning Jia Ming Mao Xuyu Zhu Zhibing Jiang Yuanli Zhu Wei Huang Ping Du Jiangning Zeng Lu Shou Feng Zhou Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Key Laboratory of Nearshore Engineering Environment and Ecological Security of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310012China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Ministry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Nantong Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesNantong 226002China Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology Ministry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Observation and Research Station of Marine Ecosystem in the Yangtze River Delta Ministry of Natural ResourcesZhoushan 316021China

Ocean fronts play important roles in nutrient transport and in the shaping ecological *** zones in small bays are typically small in scale,have a complex structure,and they are spatially and temporally variable,but there are limited data on how biological communities respond to this *** Bay,a mediumsized estuary in China,is an ideal place in which to study the response of plankton to small-scale ocean fronts,because three water masses(Qiantang River Diluted Water,Changjiang River Diluted Water,and the East China Sea current) converge here and form dynamic salinity fronts throughout the *** investigate zooplankton communities,and temperature,salinity and chlorophyll a(Chl a) in Hangzhou Bay in June(wet perio d) and December(dry period) of 2022 and examine the dominant environmental factors that affect zooplankton community spatial *** then match the spatial distributions of zooplankton communities with those of salinity fronts.S alinity is the most important explanatory variable to affect zooplankton community spatial variability during both wet and dry periods,in that it contributes>60% of the variability in community ***,the spatial distributions of zooplankton match well with salinity *** December,with weaker Qiantang River Diluted Water and a stronger secondary Changjiang River Plume,zooplankton communities occur in moderate salinity(MS,salinity range 15.6±2.2) and high salinity(HS,22.4±1.7) regions,and their ecological boundaries closely match the Qiantang River Diluted Water *** June,different zooplankton communities occur in low salinity(LS,3.9±1.0),MS(11.7±3.6) and HS(21.3±1.9) *** the LS region occurs abnormally in the central bay rather than its apex because of the anomalous influence of rising and falling tides during the sampling perio d,the ecological boundaries still match salinity ***-salinity or brackish-water zooplankter taxa are relatively more abunda

关键词： zooplankton spatial distribution salinity fronts Hangzhou Bay

Experimental and numerical simulation study on the erosion behavior of the elbow of gathering pipeline in shale gas field

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1257-1274页

作者： En-Bin Liu Shen Huang Ding-Chao Tian Lai-Min Shi Shan-Bi Peng He Zheng Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500SichuanChina Chongqing natural Gas Sales Center Natural Gas BranchSinopecChongqing400023China Zhejiang Zheneng natural Gas Operation Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310000ZhejiangChina School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500SichuanChina Louisiana Tech Univ Trenchless Technol Ctr599 Dan Reneau DrRustonLA71270USA Southwest Oil and Gas Field Branch natural Gas Research institute Chengdu 610213SichuanChina

During the production period of shale gas, proppant particles and rock debris are produced together,which will seriously erode the elbows of gathering pipelines. In response to this problem, this paper takes the elbow of the gathering pipeline in the Changning Shale Gas Field as an example to test the erosion rate and material removal mechanism of the test piece at different angles of the elbow through experiments and compares the four erosion models with the experimental results. Through analysis, it is found that the best prediction model for quartz sand-carbon steel erosion is the Oka model. Based on the Oka model, FLUENT software was used to simulate and analyze the law of erosion of the elbow of the gas gathering pipeline under different gas flow velocities, gas gathering pressure, particle size, length of L1,and bending directions of the elbow. And a spiral pipeline structure is proposed to reduce the erosion rate of the elbow under the same working conditions. The results show that this structure can reduce erosion by 34%.

关键词： Shale gas Gas gathering pipeline Elbow Erosion CFD

Pharmacological intervention for chronic phase of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1377-1389页

作者： Chihiro Tohda Section of Neuromedical Science Institute of Natural MedicineUniversity of ToyamaToyamaJapan

Spinal cord injury is an intractable traumatic injury. The most common hurdles faced during spinal cord injury are failure of axonal regrowth and reconnection to target sites. These also tend to be the most challenging issues in spinal cord injury. As spinal cord injury progresses to the chronic phase, lost motor and sensory functions are not recovered. Several reasons may be attributed to the failure of recovery from chronic spinal cord injury. These include factors that inhibit axonal growth such as activated astrocytes, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, myelin-associated proteins, inflammatory microglia, and fibroblasts that accumulate at lesion sites. Skeletal muscle atrophy due to denervation is another chronic and detrimental spinal cord injury–specific condition. Although several intervention strategies based on multiple outlooks have been attempted for treating spinal cord injury, few approaches have been successful. To treat chronic spinal cord injury, neural cells or tissue substitutes may need to be supplied in the cavity area to enable possible axonal growth. Additionally, stimulating axonal growth activity by extrinsic factors is extremely important and essential for maintaining the remaining host neurons and transplanted neurons. This review focuses on pharmacotherapeutic approaches using small compounds and proteins to enable axonal growth in chronic spinal cord injury. This review presents some of these candidates that have shown promising outcomes in basic research(in vivo animal studies) and clinical trials: AA-NgR(310)ecto-Fc(AXER-204), fasudil, phosphatase and tensin homolog protein antagonist peptide 4, chondroitinase ABC, intracellular sigma peptide,(-)-epigallocatechin gallate, matrine, acteoside, pyrvate kinase M2, diosgenin, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and fampridine-sustained release. Although the current situation suggests that drug-based therapies to recover function in chronic spinal cord injury are limited, potential candidat

关键词： axonal growth chronic phase clinical study pharmacotherapy spinal cord injury

Facile semisynthesis of histone H3 enables nucleosome probes for investigation of histone H_(3)K79 modifications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 321-324页

作者： Kun Zou Yihang Xiao jinyu Yang Mingxuan Wu Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Chemistry School of ScienceWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China institute of natural Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China

Histone H3K79 modifications are essential to regulate chromatin structure and gene transcription,but understanding of the molecular mechanisms is *** H3K79 is at globular domain,short histone peptide cannot mimic H3K79 in ***,reconstituted nucleosome-based chemical tools are ideally used to investigate H3K79 *** consequence,H3K79-modified histone H3 with additional chemical handles are required,but such synthesis is challenging and *** we report a facile semisynthesis method that enables multifunctional histone H3 readily available.H3K79-containing fragment is short for straight peptide synthesis that was later ligated to recombinant expressed H3 fragments for full-length product in large *** a result,nucleosomes with H3K79 modifications as well as photo-reactive group and affinity tag were obtained to investigate potential binding *** believe this method that enhances synthetic accessibility of nucleosome probes will accelerate understanding of the underexplored H3K79 modifications.

关键词： Histone H3K79 modifications Methylation Succinylation Semisynthesis Nucleosome probes

Responses of Nutrients to the Precipitation Variation and Land Use in Subtropical Monsoonal Small Mountainous Rivers:A Case Study of Baixi Watershed

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 383-391页

作者： TIAN Yuan GAO Fei CAO Ke LV Shenghua DUAN Xiaoyong YIN Ping Qingdao institute of Marine Geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266237China Laboratory for Marine Geology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

Small mountainous rivers are characterized by large instantaneous fluxes and susceptible to extreme weather events,which can rapidly transport materials into the sea and have a significant impact on the ecological environment of estuaries and *** order to investigate the seasonal characteristics of nutrients in small mountainous rivers in the subtropical monsoon region and the output pattern to the sea during heavy precipitation,surveys on the mountainous rivers were carried out in Baixi watershed in August 2020(wet season),March 2021(dry season)and June 2021(Meiyu period).The results showed that the dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN)of the rivers has an average concentration of 752μg L^(−1)in the wet season and 1472μg L^(−1)in the dry *** concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)in wet season and dry season were 63μg L^(−1)and 51μg L^(−1),*** by the changes of land use in sub-watersheds,DIN concentrations in the mainstream increased from 701μg L^(−1)in the upper reaches to 1284μg L^(−1)in the middle *** rainstorms during the Meiyu period in the watershed caused the pulse runoff in the *** maximum daily runoff reached 70 times that before *** maximum daily fluxes of DIN and DIP were 109 and 247 times that before rains,*** view that the watershed experienced several rainstorms in the wet season,the river,with pulse runoff,carries a large amount of nutrients into the sea in a short time,which will have a significant impact on the environment of Sanmen bay and its adjacent sea.

关键词： small mountainous river uneven precipitation rainstorm pulse runoff nitrogen and phosphorus

Single carbon metabolism–A new paradigm for microbial bioprocesses?

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 322-329页

作者： Michael Baumschabl Özge Ata Diethard Mattanovich Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology(ACIB) Vienna1190Austria University of natural Resources and Life Sciences Department of BiotechnologyInstitute of Microbiology and Microbial BiotechnologyViennaAustria

Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels,a reduction of arable land area and the dependence of first and second generation biotechnology feedstocks on agricultural products,call for alternative,sustainable feedstock sources for industrial *** direct use of CO_(2)or conversion of CO_(2)into other single carbon(C1)sources have great potential as they might help to reduce carbon emissions and do not compete with agricultural land *** we discuss the microbial use of C1 carbon sources,their potential applications in biotechnology,and challenges towards sustainable C1-based industrial biotechnology *** focus on methanol,formic acid,methane,syngas,and CO_(2)as feedstocks for bioprocesses,their assimilation pathways,current and emerging applications,and limitations of their *** mini-review is intended as a first introduction for researchers who are new to the field of C1 biotechnology.

关键词： Sustainability BioeconomyCarbon dioxide Methanol Formate Methane

Cand2 inhibits CRL-mediated ubiquitination and suppresses autophagy to facilitate pathogenicity of phytopathogenic fungi

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 106-121页

作者： Yunran Zhang Yunyun Wei Minghua Wu Mengyu Liu Shuang Liang Xueming Zhu Xiaohong Liu Fucheng Lin State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hainan institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572025China State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Plant Protection and MicrobiologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China College of Biology and Environmental Engineering Zhejiang Shuren UniversityHangzhou 310015China

The ubiquitin–proteasome system and the autophagy system are the two primary mechanisms used by eukaryotes to maintain protein homeostasis,and both are closely related to the pathogenicity of the rice blast *** this research,we identified MoCand2 as an inhibitor of ubiquitination in Magnaporthe *** this role,MoCand2 participates in the regulation of autophagy and ***-cifically,we found that deletion of MoCand2 increased the ubiquitination level in ***,whereas overexpression of MoCand2 inhibited the accumulation of ubiquitinated *** analyses showed that MoCand2 is a subunit of Cullin-RING ligases(CRLs).It suppresses ubiquitination by blocking the assembly of CRLs and downregulating the expression of key CRL *** research indi-cated that MoCand2 regulates autophagy through ***2 knockout led to over-ubiquitination and over-degradation of MoTor,and we confirmed that MoTor content was negatively correlated with autophagy *** addition,MoCand2 knockout accelerated the K63 ubiquitination of MoAtg6 and strengthened the assembly and activity of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase class 3 complex,thus enhancing *** ubiquitination and autophagy in DMocand2 resulted in defects in growth,conidiation,stress resistance,and ***,sequence alignment and functional an-alyses in other phytopathogenic fungi confirmed the high conservation of fungal *** research thus reveals a novel mechanism by which ubiquitination regulates autophagy and pathogenicity in phyto-pathogenic fungi.

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae autophagy ubiquitination pathogenicity regulation mechanism phytopatho-genic fungi

Development and Deformation Characteristics of Large Ancient Landslides in the Intensely Hazardous Xiongba-Sela Section of the Jinsha River, Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 980-997页

作者： Yiqiu Yan Changbao Guo Yanan Zhang Zhendong Qiu Caihong Li Xue Li institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China

The upstream Jinsha River,located in the eastern Tibetan Plateau,has been experiencing intense geological hazards characterized by a high density of ancient landslides,significant deformation and reactivation *** this study,remote sensing interpretation,field investigations,and Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(SBAS-InSAR)technologies have been *** a 17 km stretch of the Jinsha River,specifically in the Xiongba-Sela segment,16 large-scale ancient landslides were identified,9 of which are currently undergoing creeping ***,the Sela and Xiongba ancient landslides exhibit significant deformation,with a maximum deformation rate of-192 mm/yr,indicating a high level of sliding *** volume of the Sela ancient landslide is estimated to be 1.8×108 to 4.5×108 m3,and characterized by extensive fissures and long-term creeping *** SBAS-InSAR results revealed significant spatial variations in the deformation of the Sela ancient landslide,generally displaying two secondary zones of intense deformation,and landslide deformation exhibits nonlinear behavior with *** January 2016 and February 2022,Zone III1 on the southwest side of the Sela ancient landslide,experienced a maximum cumulative deformation of-857 mm,with a maximum deformation rate of-108 mm/*** III2,on the northeast side of the Sela ancient landslide,the maximum cumulative deformation was-456 mm,with a maximum deformation rate of-74 mm/yr;among these,the H2 and H4 secondary bodies on the south side of III1 are in the accelerative deformation stage and at the Warn warning *** propose that the large-scale flood and debris flow disasters triggered by the Baige landslide-dammed lake-dam broken disaster chain in Tibetan Plateau during October and November 2018 caused severe erosion at the foot of downstream *** far-field triggering effect accelerated the creep of the downstream ancient ***,the defo

关键词： Jinsha River SBAS-InSAR landslides surface deformation disasters.

Effects of the concentration and nature of total dissolved solids in drinking water on feed intake, nutrient digestion, energy balance,methane emission, ruminal fermentation, and blood constituents in different breeds of young goats and hair sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 84-95页

作者： Amlan Kumar Patra Luana Paula dos Santos Ribeiro Hirut Yirga Adekayode O.Sonibare Ahmed R.Askar Ali H.Hussein Ryszard Puchala Arthur Louis Goetsch American institute for Goat Research Langston University Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department Desert Research Center Agriculture Food and Natural ResourcesEastern New Mexico University

Understanding how different livestock species and breeds respond to consumption of brackish water could improve usage of this ***,Angora,Boer,and Spanish goat doelings and Dorper,Katahdin,and *** ewe lambs (6 animals per animal type[AT];initial age=296±2.1 days)consuming water with varying concentrations of minerals of a natural brackish water source (BR) and sodium chloride (NaCl;SL) were used to determine effects on water and feed intake,nutrient digestion,heat energy,methane emission,ruminal fluid conditions,and blood constituent *** were 6 simultaneous 6 (water treatments[WT])×6 (AT) Latin squares with 3-wk *** WT were fresh (FR),BR alone (100-BR),a similar total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration as 100-BR via NaCl addition to FR (100-SL),BR with concentrations of all minerals increased by approximately 50%(150-BR),a similar TDS level as 150-BR by NaCl addition to FR (150-SL),and a similar 150 TDS level achieved by addition of a 1:1 mixture of BR minerals and NaCl to 100-BR (150-BR/SL).Concentrations (mg/kg) in BR were 4928 TDS,85.9 bicarbonate,224.9 calcium,1175 chloride,60.5 magnesium,4.59 potassium,1387sodium,1962 sulfate,and 8.3 boron,and TDS in other WT were 209,5684,7508,8309,and 7319 mg/kg for FR,100-SL,150-BR,150-SL,and 150-BR/SL,*** were very few significant effects of WT or AT×WT interactions,although AT had numerous *** intake was affected by AT (P=0.02)and WT (P=0.04),with greater water intake for 150-SL than for FR,100-BR,100-SL,and *** matter intake among AT was lowest (P<0.05) for *** of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber and heat energy differed among AT (P<0.05),but nitrogen digestion and ruminal methane emission were similar among *** aldosterone concentration was higher (P<0.05) for FR than for other *** conclusion,all AT seemed resilient to these WT regardless of mineral source and concentrations,with TDS less than 8300 mg/kg,which did

关键词： Goats Hair sheep Nutrient utilization Ruminal fermentation Salinity Water quality