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Importance of dietary supplementation of soluble and insoluble fibers to sows subjected to high ambient temperatures during late gestation and effects on lactation performance

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 73-83页

作者： Seung Min Oh Abdolreza Hosseindoust Sang Hun Ha Jun Young Mun Joseph Moturi Habeeb Tajudeen Yo Han Choi Su Hyup Lee Jin Soo Kim Gyeongbuk Livestock Research institute Department of Animal Industry Convergence Kangwon National University Swine Division National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development Administration Department of Swine science Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries

Heat stress adversely affects sows' performance, which can be improved by applying proper nutritional strategies. This study was conducted to investigate the interactive effects of dietary fiber levels and sources on sows' reproductive performance, metabolic response during gestation, and the carry-over influence on litter performance in the lactation period during heat stress(average room temperature of 27.1°C). Fifty-four multiparous sows(Landrace × Yorkshire; initial body weight of 236.3 ± 16 kg; 2, 3and 4 parities) at d 90 of gestation were assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement(9 sows/treatment),involving 2 dietary fiber levels(4.5% and 6% crude fiber) and 3 dietary fiber sources(wheat bran [WB],palm kernel meal [PK], and beet pulp [BP]). Sows fed the BP diet had highest(P eed intake and constipation index and lowest(P et weight(P = 0.041) and litter weight(P eaning were higher in sows in the BP treatment compared to PK treatment. Sows in the BP treatment showed the greatest(P estibility of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber. The fecal concentration of acetate was the lowest(P e PK treatment. Total short-chain fatty acid production was increased in the WB and BP treatments compared with the PK. Sows in the BP treatment showed the lowest(P = 0.036) hair cortisol. The blood insulin concentration of sows was higher(P = 0.026) in the high fiber(6%) treatment compared with the low fiber(4.5%) treatment at 90 min and120 min after the meal. The concentration of phthalic acid, succinic acid, phenylethylamine, hydrocinnamic acid, iron, linoleic acid, glycerol, ketone, and formamide were increased(P e BP treatment compared with the WB. The BP treatment with high soluble fiber content improved the constipation index, farrowing duration, and litter performance, while high insoluble fibers increased sows comfort and reduced stress factors including respiratory rate and rectal

关键词： Soluble fiber Insoluble fiber Beet pulp Wheat bran Palm kernel Metabolites

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Bioinspired sensing-memory-computing integrated vision systems: biomimetic mechanisms, design principles, and applications

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 5-27页

作者： Yujie HUANG Yinlong TAN Yan KANG Yabo CHeN Yuhua TANG Tian JIANG institute for Quantum Information and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology institute for Quantum science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense Technology

With the explosion of sensory data in the Internet of Things(Io T) era, conventional machine vision systems are becoming increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of high efficiency, low energy consumption, and low latency due to their inherent shortcomings of separate sensing, memory, and computing units. Inspired by the retina and neuromorphic computing, the sensing-memory-computing integrated vision system(SMCVS) that features low power consumption, low latency, and high parallelism has been considered a promising technology to surpass the von Neumann architecture and realize strong artificial ***, novel materials like two-dimensional semiconductors and quantum dots with novel optoelectronic performance provide hardware carriers for implementing integrated sensing-memory-computing architectures,attracting considerable attention. This paper reviews the recent research progress in bioinspired vision systems in terms of biomimetic mechanisms, design principles, computational architectures, and ***, the biomimetic mechanisms are illustrated to guide the design of high-performance artificial visual perception systems. Then the research progress of optoelectronic-synapse-based bioinspired vision systems in the device principles and applications including image filtering, color recognition, visual adaptation, and motion detection are summarized. Finally, the challenges and future developing directions of the SMCVS are provided regarding bionic application, architecture design, and device fabrication.

关键词： sensing-memory-computing architecture neuromorphic computing retinomorphic device image recognition visual system

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Dual-microcomb generation via a monochromatically pumped dual-mode microresonator

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 163-171页

作者： RUNLIN MIAO Ke YIN CHAO ZHOU CHeNXI ZHANG ZHUOPeI YU XIN ZHeNG TIAN JIANG national Innovation institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military Sciences PLA ChinaBeijing 100071China Beijing institute for Advanced Study National University of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100000China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of electronic science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China institute for Quantum science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Microcombs have enabled a host of cutting-edge applications from metrology to communications that have garnered significant attention in the last ***,due to the thermal instability of the microresonator,additional control devices like auxiliary lasers are indispensable for single-soliton generation in some ***,the increased system complexity would be too overwhelming for dual-microcomb ***,we put forward a novel approach to mitigate the thermal instability and generate the dual-microcomb using a compact *** process is akin to mode-division multiplexing,as the dual-microcombs are generated by pumping the dual-mode of a single Si_(3)N_(4) microresonator with a continuous-wave *** numerical simulations and experimental measurements indicate that this innovative technique could offer a straightforward way to enlarge the soliton existence range,allowing entry into the multistability regime and triggering another microcomb alongside the main soliton *** outcome not only shines new light on the interaction mechanism of microresonator modes but also provides an avenue for the development of dual-microcomb-based ranging and low phase noise microwave generation.

关键词： resonator pumped pumping

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Growth,optical dispersion and magnetic behavior of Dy^(3+) doped yttrium iron garnet crystals

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Journal of Rare earths 2024年第6期42卷 1110-1117,I0004页

作者： Yating Fang Hui Shen Yudie Ma Shijie Liao Shuang Xia Tian Tian Ding Zhou Yunfeng Ma Jiayue Xu institute of Crystal Growth School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Institute of Technology national engineering Center of electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials School of Electronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Y_(3)Fe_(5)O_(12)(YIG)crystals are highly desirable for the fabrication of mid-infrared isolators with the rapid growth of optical communications,although it is rather challenging to grow large size and high-quality single ***^(3+)doping is expected to improve the optical and magneto-optical prope ***,high quality Dy:YIG crystals and the adjustment of Dy^(3+)on the structure and optical behavior of YIG crystal remain unclear,impeding its practical ***,a series of Y_(3-x)Dy_(x)Fe_(5)O_(12)(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,3)solid solution crystals was grown by the flux-Bridgman method and single crystals up to 25 mm were *** the introduction of Dy^(3+),lattice parameters are gradually enlarged from 1.2379 nm(YIG)to 1.2420 nm(DyIG).Typical Dy^(3+)absorption peaks are observed around 1070,1265 and 1670 *** refractive index decreases from 2.37(500 nm)to 2.10(2500 nm)for YIG crystal,and it reduces from 2.47(500 nm)to 2.16(2500 nm)for DyIG *** optical bandgaps remain almost unchanged for Dy:YIG *** optical dispersion of the refractive indices was finely fitted by the Wemple and DiDomenico(WDD)and the Sellmeier models,*** the increase of Dy^(3+)content,the saturation magnetization(Ms)decreases significantly from 23.62 emu/g(YIG)to 5.33 emu/g(DyIG).Small coercive field is persisted for this system,endowing small external magnetic *** results provide valuable references for the manipulation of rare earths on the properties of magnetooptical crystals,which is beneficial to the design of high-performance garnet crystals for the application of optical switching and non-reciprocal related devices.

关键词： Magneto-optical crystal Yttrium iron garnet Dy^(3+)doping Crystal growth Optical dispersion Rare earths

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Recent advancements in thermal conductivity of magnesium alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1687-1708页

作者： Hao Lv Jun Tan Qian Yuan Fanglei Wang Yunxuan Zhou Quan Dong Aitao Tang Jürgen eckert Bin Jiang Fusheng Pan national engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China national Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Materials science Chair of Materials PhysicsMontanuniversität LeobenJahnstraße 12Leoben A-8700Austria erich Schmid institute of Materials science Austrian Academy of SciencesJahnstraße 12Leoben A-8700Austria

As highly integrated circuits continue to advance,accompanied by a growing demand for energy efficiency and weight reduction,materials are confronted with mounting challenges pertaining to thermal conductivity and lightweight *** virtue of numerous intrinsic mechanisms,as a result,the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the Mg alloys are often inversely related,which becomes a bottleneck limiting the application of Mg *** on several effective modification methods to improve the thermal conductivity of Mg alloys,this paper describes the law of how they affect the mechanical properties,and clearly indicates that peak aging treatment is one of the best ways to simultaneously enhance an alloy's thermal conductivity and mechanical *** the most frequently used Mg alloy,cast alloys exhibit substantial potential for achieving high thermal ***,recent reports indicate that hot deformation can significantly improve the mechanical properties while maintaining,and potentially slightly enhancing,the alloy's thermal *** presents a meaningful way to develop Mg alloys for applications in the field of small-volume heat dissipation components that require high *** comprehensive review begins by outlining standard testing and prediction methods,followed by the theoretical models used to predict thermal conductivity,and then explores the primary influencing factors affecting thermal *** review summarizes the current development status of Mg alloys,focusing on the quest for alloys that offer both high thermal conductivity and high *** concludes by providing insights into forthcoming prospects and challenges within this field.

关键词： Mg alloy Thermal conductivity Mechanical properties Solute atom Second phase

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Limits of Depth: Over-Smoothing and Over-Squashing in GNNs

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第1期7卷 205-216页

作者： Aafaq Mohi ud din Shaima Qureshi Department of Computer science and engineering National Institute of Technology SrinagarSrinagar 190006India

Graph Neural Networks(GNNs)have become a widely used tool for learning and analyzing data on graph structures,largely due to their ability to preserve graph structure and properties via graph representation ***,the effect of depth on the performance of GNNs,particularly isotropic and anisotropic models,remains an active area of *** study presents a comprehensive exploration of the impact of depth on GNNs,with a focus on the phenomena of over-smoothing and the bottleneck effect in deep graph neural *** research investigates the tradeoff between depth and performance,revealing that increasing depth can lead to over-smoothing and a decrease in performance due to the bottleneck *** also examine the impact of node degrees on classification accuracy,finding that nodes with low degrees can pose challenges for accurate *** experiments use several benchmark datasets and a range of evaluation metrics to compare isotropic and anisotropic GNNs of varying depths,also explore the scalability of these *** findings provide valuable insights into the design of deep GNNs and offer potential avenues for future research to improve their performance.

关键词： Graph Neural Networks(GNNs) learning on graphs over-smoothing over-squashing isotropic-GNNs anisotropic-GNNs

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Recent Advances in Patterning Strategies for Full‑Color Perovskite Light‑emitting Diodes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 99-137页

作者： Gwang Heon Lee Kiwook Kim Yunho Kim Jiwoong Yang Moon Kee Choi Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices engineering Center for Future Semiconductor Technology(FUST)Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of energy science and engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea energy science and engineering Research Center Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea Department of Materials science and engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea

Metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising light-emitting materials for next-generation displays owing to their remarkable material characteristics including broad color tunability,pure color emission with remarkably narrow bandwidths,high quantum yield,and solution *** recent advances have pushed the luminance efficiency of monochromic perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLeDs)to their theoretical limits,their current fabrication using the spincoating process poses limitations for fabrication of full-color *** integrate PeLeDs into full-color display panels,it is crucial to pattern red–green–blue(RGB)perovskite pixels,while mitigating issues such as cross-contamination and reductions in luminous ***,we present state-of-the-art patterning technologies for the development of full-color ***,we highlight recent advances in the development of efficient ***,we discuss various patterning techniques of MPHs(i.e.,photolithography,inkjet printing,electron beam lithography and laserassisted lithography,electrohydrodynamic jet printing,thermal evaporation,and transfer printing)for fabrication of RGB pixelated *** patterning techniques can be classified into two distinct approaches:in situ crystallization patterning using perovskite precursors and patterning of colloidal perovskite *** review highlights advancements and limitations in patterning techniques for PeLeDs,paving the way for integrating PeLeDs into full-color panels.

关键词： Perovskite Light-emitting diode Full-color display High-resolution patterning electroluminescence

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exploring the ultrahigh rolling contact fatigue life of M50 bearing steel by adjusting the cryogenic sequence

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 243-250页

作者： Xin Cai Xiaoqiang Hu Xingyu Lu Hongwei Liu Yanfei Cao Dianzhong Li Shenyang national Laboratory for Materials science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The influence of different cryogenic sequences on the rolling contact fatigue(RCF)life of M50-bearing steel has been *** results show that direct cryogenic treatment after quenching can effectively improve RCF *** L_(10)life is strikingly 5 times longer than that with cryogenic treatment after *** is caused by the distinct lattice construction of martensite and the transformation of retained *** secondary nanocarbides and fine twins are formed via cryogenic treatment before tem-pering compared with cryogenic treatment after *** improvement in the RCF life of the steel is attributed to the joint effects of the secondary nanocarbides and twin boundaries with a width of 5-13 nm,which delays significantly crack initiation and *** study highlights a common method to improve the service life of high-carbon and high-alloy steels by adjusting the cryogenic se-quence.

关键词： M50 steel Cryogenic treatment Rolling contact fatigue life Carbide Twin

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extending microwave-frequency electric-field detection through single transmission peak method

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 417-423页

作者：刘青陈进湛王赫张杰阮伟民伍国柱郑顺元罗景庭宋振飞 College of Physics and Optoelectronic engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen institute for Technology Innovation National Institute of MetrologyShenzhen 518107China Center for Advanced Measurement science National Institute of MetrologyBeijing 100029China

The strength of microwave(MW)electric field can be observed with high precision by using the standard electromagnetically induced transparency and Aulter–Towns(eIT-AT)technique,when its frequency is resonant or nearly-resonant with the Rydberg transition *** the detuning of MW field increases,one of the transmission peaks(single peak)is easier to measure due to its increased *** can be found that the central symmetry point of the two transmission peaks f_(1/2)is only related to the detuning of MW field△_(MW)and central symmetry point f_(0)of resonant MW field,satisfying the relation f_(1/2)=△_(MW)/2+f_(0).Thus,we demonstrate a single transmission peak method that the MW e-field can be determined by interval between the position of single peak and f_(1/2).We use this method to measure continuous frequencies in a band from-200 MHz to 200 MHz of the MW *** experimental results and theoretical analysis are presented to describe the effectiveness of this *** 50 MHzethod solves the problem that the AT splitting cannot be measured by using the standard eIT-AT techniques or multiple atomic-level Rydberg atom schemes.

关键词： microwave electric field Rydberg atom electromagnetically induced transparency(eIT) Aulter-Towns splitting

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Facile synthesis of accordion-like porous carbon from waste PeT bottles-based MIL-53(Al) and its application for high-performance Zn-ion capacitor

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Green energy & environment 2024年第7期9卷 1138-1150页

作者： Jiaxin Li Shuai Zhang Yumeng Hua Yichao Lin Xin Wen ewa Mijowska Tao Tang Xuecheng Chen Rodney S.Ruoff Faculty of Chemical Technology and engineering West Pomeranian University of Technology Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Safety engineering China University of Mining and Technology institute of Advanced electrical Materials Qingdao University of Science and Technology institute for Basic science Center for Multiple Dimensional Carbon Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Department of Materials science and engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) School of energy and Chemical engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)

It is of great scientific and economic value to recycle waste poly（ethylene terephthalate）(PeT) into high-value PeT-based metal organic frameworks（MOFs） and further convert it into porous carbon for green energy storage applications. In the present study, a facile and costeffective hydrothermal process was developed to direct recycle waste PeT bottles into MIL-53（Al） with a 100% conversation, then the MOFderived porous carbon was assembled into electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors. The results indicated that the as-synthesized carbon exhibited high SSA of 1712 m2g-1and unique accordion-like structure with hierarchical porosity. Benefit to these advantageous characters, the assembled three-electrode supercapacitor displayed high specific capacitances of 391 F g-1at the current density of 0.5 A g-1and good rate capability of 73.6% capacitance retention at 20 A g-1in 6 mol L-1KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, the assembled zinc ion capacitor still revealed outstanding capacitance of 335 F g-1at 0.1 A g-1, excellent cycling stability of 92.2% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles and ultra-high energy density of 150.3 Wh kg-1at power density of 90 W kg-1in 3 mol L-1ZnSO4electrolyte. It is believed that the current work provides a facile and effective strategy to recycle PeT waste into high-valuable MOF, and further expands the applications of MOF-derived carbons for high-performance energy storage devices, so it is conducive to both pollution alleviation and sustainable economic development.

关键词： PeT Recycling Porous carbon Supercapacitor energy storage

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