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Pumpkin seeds as nutraceutical and functional food ingredient for future:A review

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第1期7卷 12-29页

作者： Arunima Singh Vivek Kumar Department of Food Technology Harcourt Butler Technical UniversityKanpur 208002UPIndia

Pumpkin belongs to the family of Cucurbitaceae,which comprises several species that has economical as well as agronomical importance.All parts of pumpkin are edible and laden with beneficial neutraceutical compounds.Pumpkin seeds are valuable source protein which can help in eradicating protein malnutrition and lipids(rich in PUFAs)contains essential as well as non essential fatty acids which prevents from various ailments like cancer and other cardiovascular diseases.Since,seeds of pumpkin are abundant in macro(magnesium,phosphorous,potassium,sodium and calcium)and micro minerals(iron,copper,manganese,zinc and selenium),they can be used as an incredible dietary supplement which in turn helps in curbing various deficiency disorders.This review enlightens the characteristics of pumpkin seeds,process of valorization of pumpkin seeds and the effect of processing on their nutritional composition which have been studied currently with the aim to use this wonder seeds for human wellbeing.Pumpkin seeds possess many bioactive compounds like polyphenols,flavonoids,phytosterols and squalene which makes it a lucrative raw material for pharmacological and food industries.Pumpkin seeds work as anti-depressant and helps majorly in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia(BHP).Daily consumption of pumpkin seeds can reduce the chances of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.Pumpkin seeds are rich in tocopherols and can be used for oil extraction for edible purposes and utilized in other food formulations for future use.

关键词： Pumpkin seed Neutraceutical properties Nutritional composition Tocopherols Squalene β-Carotene Waste valorization

Recent progress of parameter-adjustable high-power photonic microwave generation based on wide-bandgap photoconductive semiconductors

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第1期22卷 113-122页

作者：荀涛牛昕玥王朗宁张斌姚金妹易木俣杨汉武侯静刘金亮张建徳 College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Radio frequency/microwave-directed energy sources using wide bandgap SiC photoconductive semiconductors have attracted much attention due to their unique advantages of high-power output and multi-parameter adjustable ability.Over the past several years,benefitting from the sustainable innovations in laser technology and the significant progress in materials technology,megawatt-class output power electrical pulses with a flexible frequency in the P and L microwave wavebands have been achieved by photoconductive semiconductor devices.Here,we mainly summarize and review the recent progress of the high-power photonic microwave generation based on the SiC photoconductive semiconductor devices in the linear modulation mode,including the mechanism,system architecture,critical technology,and experimental demonstration of the proposed high-power photonic microwave sources.The outlooks and challenges for the future of multi-channel power synthesis development of higher power photonic microwave using wide bandgap photoconductors are also discussed.

关键词： high-power photonic microwave wide bandgap photoconductive semiconductor devices linear modulation multi-parameter adjustable microwave generation multi-channel power synthesis

Enhanced prediction of anisotropic deformation behavior using machine learning with data augmentation

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 186-196页

作者： Sujeong Byun Jinyeong Yu Seho Cheon Seong Ho Lee Sung Hyuk Park Taekyung Lee School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea

Mg alloys possess an inherent plastic anisotropy owing to the selective activation of deformation mechanisms depending on the loading condition.This characteristic results in a diverse range of flow curves that vary with a deformation condition.This study proposes a novel approach for accurately predicting an anisotropic deformation behavior of wrought Mg alloys using machine learning(ML)with data augmentation.The developed model combines four key strategies from data science:learning the entire flow curves,generative adversarial networks(GAN),algorithm-driven hyperparameter tuning,and gated recurrent unit(GRU)architecture.The proposed model,namely GAN-aided GRU,was extensively evaluated for various predictive scenarios,such as interpolation,extrapolation,and a limited dataset size.The model exhibited significant predictability and improved generalizability for estimating the anisotropic compressive behavior of ZK60 Mg alloys under 11 annealing conditions and for three loading directions.The GAN-aided GRU results were superior to those of previous ML models and constitutive equations.The superior performance was attributed to hyperparameter optimization,GAN-based data augmentation,and the inherent predictivity of the GRU for extrapolation.As a first attempt to employ ML techniques other than artificial neural networks,this study proposes a novel perspective on predicting the anisotropic deformation behaviors of wrought Mg alloys.

关键词： Plastic anisotropy Compression Annealing Machine learning Data augmentation

Curcumin Interferes with TGF-β1-Induced Fibrosis in NRK-49F Cells by Reversing ADAMTS18 Gene Methylation

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 600-607页

作者： XU Ben ZHANG Jia-en YE Lin YUAN Chang-wei Department of Urology Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology Peking UniversityNational Urological Cancer Center

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism by which curcumin affects renal interstitial fibrosis（RIF） progression by regulating ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 18（ADAMTS18） methylation. Methods: NRK-49F cells RIF model were induced with transforming growth factor β1（TGF-β1）. Effects of different concentrations of curcumin（0, 10, 20, and 30 μmol/L） on cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis as well as cyclin D1 expression were analyzed by cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry and Western blot, respectively. ADAMTS18 methylation levels were determined by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. ADAMTS18, fibronectin（FN）, type Ⅰ collagen（Col-Ⅰ） and alpha-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA） mRNA and protein expressions were analyzed by real-time PCR（RT-PCR） and Western blot, respectively. Meanwhile, cells were treated with 50 mmol/L 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine（5-aza-dC, demethylation agent） for 72 h. Effect of curcumin on extracellular matrix（ECM） deposition was evaluated by immunochemical staining and Western blot. NRK-49F cells were transfected with ADAMTS18 small interfering RNA and grouped into a normal control, ADAMTS18-knock-out（KO）, and ADAMTS18-KO+ 30 μmol/L curcumin groups, and whether curcumin can reverse the effect of ADAMTS18 knockdown on RIF was evaluated. Results: Compared with the control group, TGF-β1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of NRK-49F cells, blocked the G1/G0phase, promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cyclin D1 expression（P<0.01）. Among the different concentrations of curcumin, 30 μmol/L curcumin significantly reversed these processes（P<0.01）. Immunochemical staining and Western blot results showed that curcumin significantly inhibited the deposition of FN, Col-Ⅰ and α-SMA（P<0.01）. Curcumin and 5-zaz-dC had synergistic effects, promoting ADAMTS18 expression, removing ADAMTS18 methylation, and reducing ECM deposition. ADAMTS18 knockdown promoted ECM accumulation, and curcumin reversed this process（P<0.01）. Conclusion: TGF-β1 induced fibrosis in NRK-49F cells.

关键词： renal fibrosis curcumin Chinese medicine ADAMTS18 methylation modification

Experimental investigation on slip conditions during thread rolling with flat dies

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 136-143页

作者： Stefan VOLZ Peter GROCHE Institute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines Technical University DarmstadtOtto-Berndt Straße 2Darmstadt 64287Germany

The process design of flat die rolling operations can be a tedious and costly process due to the challenges posed by small process windows.Within this work,an effort is made to closely investigate and understand the process limits caused by excessive slippage of the workpiece.Optical measurements are carried out to capture the characteristics of excessive slippage and the influence of the stroke rate and the tribological system on this process limit.Large differences in slippage were observed,depending on the tribological system.While systems with polymer based lubricants showed excessive slippage at low stroke rates,systems using oil or no lubricant endured higher stroke rates before process limits were reached.The optical measurements revealed three major forms of slippage:successful rolling without slippage,failure due to excessive slippage at process start,and failure due to excessive slippage at around one workpiece rotation.

关键词： rolling incremental forming thread rolling slippage profile rolling

MetaPINNs:Predicting soliton and rogue wave of nonlinear PDEs via the improved physics-informed neural networks based on meta-learned optimization

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 96-107页

作者：郭亚楠曹小群宋君强冷洪泽 College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Naval Aviation university Huludao 125001China

Efficiently solving partial differential equations(PDEs)is a long-standing challenge in mathematics and physics research.In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has brought deep learning-based methods to the forefront of research on numerical methods for partial differential equations.Among them,physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)are a new class of deep learning methods that show great potential in solving PDEs and predicting complex physical phenomena.In the field of nonlinear science,solitary waves and rogue waves have been important research topics.In this paper,we propose an improved PINN that enhances the physical constraints of the neural network model by adding gradient information constraints.In addition,we employ meta-learning optimization to speed up the training process.We apply the improved PINNs to the numerical simulation and prediction of solitary and rogue waves.We evaluate the accuracy of the prediction results by error analysis.The experimental results show that the improved PINNs can make more accurate predictions in less time than that of the original PINNs.

关键词： physics-informed neural networks gradient-enhanced loss function meta-learned optimization nonlinear science

Dual-microcomb generation via a monochromatically pumped dual-mode microresonator

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 163-171页

作者： RUNLIN MIAO KE YIN CHAO ZHOU CHENXI ZHANG ZHUOPEI YU XIN ZHENG TIAN JIANG national Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military Sciences PLA ChinaBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute for Advanced Study National University of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100000China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Electronic Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Microcombs have enabled a host of cutting-edge applications from metrology to communications that have garnered significant attention in the last decade.Nevertheless,due to the thermal instability of the microresonator,additional control devices like auxiliary lasers are indispensable for single-soliton generation in some scenarios.Specifically,the increased system complexity would be too overwhelming for dual-microcomb generation.Here,we put forward a novel approach to mitigate the thermal instability and generate the dual-microcomb using a compact system.This process is akin to mode-division multiplexing,as the dual-microcombs are generated by pumping the dual-mode of a single Si_(3)N_(4) microresonator with a continuous-wave laser.Both numerical simulations and experimental measurements indicate that this innovative technique could offer a straightforward way to enlarge the soliton existence range,allowing entry into the multistability regime and triggering another microcomb alongside the main soliton pulse.This outcome not only shines new light on the interaction mechanism of microresonator modes but also provides an avenue for the development of dual-microcomb-based ranging and low phase noise microwave generation.

关键词： resonator pumped pumping

QCD sum rule study of J^(P)=1^(±)exotic states with two heavy quarks in the molecular picture

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 31-37页

作者： T.M.Aliev S.Bilmis M.Savcı Department of Physics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey TUBITAK ULAKBIM Ankara06510Turkey

In this study,the spectroscopic parameters of exotic molecular states composed of mesons containing two heavy quarks(scalar-axial and pseudoscalar-axial meson combinations)are investigated within the QCD sum rules.Our findings reveal that molecular states containing charm quarks do not form bound states,whereas states with b-quarks can form exotic molecular states.This observation has significant implications for understanding the structure of these exotic states.

关键词： QCD sum rules exotic mesons molecular states

The Cause of Institutionalized Private Tutoring in Korea:Defective Public Schooling or a Universal Desire for Family Reproduction?

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第1期7卷 12-41页

作者： Sang Hoon Bae Kee Ho Choi Sungkyunkwan university Seoul national university

Purpose:In Korea,private tutoring is considered a social evil that damages the capacity of public schooling and undermines social justice.Although the government has implemented various policies to reduce private tutoring,ranging from improving the quality of education to providing"quasi-private tutoring"programs and regulating the shadow education market,total spending on private tutoring has continued to increase.This study examines a little noticed but important cause of institutionalized private tutoring in Korea.Design/Approach/Methods:The study employed a socio-ecological perspective to analyze both education and socio-structural factors.An extensive review of the government's private tutoring reduction policies and related literature was conducted.Findings:Private tutoring functions as a means by which parents can help their children compete for admission to prestigious universities and pass on wealth and social status to their children.Participation in private tutoring has become a social norm that is taken for granted.The root causes of institutionalized private tutoring lie in both educational and socio-structural factors.Originality/Nalue:The study suggests that government policies,when ignoring the long-established"grammar"of parents about children's education,may either end in failure or produce unintended consequences.

关键词： Private tutoring social reproduction unintended consequences upward mobility