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Activation of dislocations in Mg with solute Y

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1045-1053页

作者： Alireza Maldar Leyun Wang Boyu Liu Wenjun Liu Zhaohui Jin Bijin Zhou Xiaoqin Zeng national Engineering Research Center of light Alloy Net Forming Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Advanced Photon source Argonne National LaboratoryIL 60439USA Shenyang national Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School of Mechanical Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Mg-Y cast alloy shows excellent ductility(elongation to failure>15%)compared with pure Mg and commercial Mg cast alloys.By monitoring the microstructure evolution during an in situ tensile test of a Mg-2.5 wt%Y alloy,we identify the activation of prismaticslip,which is rare in Mg.synchrotron X-ray micro-beam Laue diffraction(μ-Laue)and transmission electron microscopy revealed the morphology of prismaticslip bands and individualdislocations.Density functional theory and molecular dynamics calculations indicate that solute Y can significantly reduce the stacking fault energy(SFE)alongdirection on prismatic plane in Mg lattice and thus facilitate the nucleation ofdislocations during deformation.The presence of freedislocations in the Mg lattice can also lead to nucleation of{10–12}twins even under unfavorable geometric conditions.

关键词： alloy microstructure ductility

Deep learning enables nanoscale X-ray 3D imaging with limited data

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light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1184-1186页

作者： Chonghang Zhao Hanfei Yan national synchrotron light source l Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY11973USA

Deep neural network can greatly improve tomography reconstruction with limited data.A recent effort of combining ptycho-tomography model with the 3D U-net demonstrated a significant reduction in both the number of projections and computation time,and showed its potential for integrated circuit imaging that requires high-resolution and fast measurement speed.

关键词： Deep neural enable

Ion Beam Figuring System for synchrotron X-Ray Mirrors Achieving Sub-0.2-µrad and Sub-0.5-nm Root Mean Square

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2023年第3期6卷 1-11页

作者： Tianyi Wang Lei Huang Yi Zhu Stefano Giorgio Philip Boccabella Nathalie Bouet Mourad Idir Brookhaven national Laboratory National Synchrotron Light Source II(NSLS-II)PO Box 5000UptonNY11973USA

Optics with high-precision height and slope are increasingly desired in numerous industrial fields.For instance,Kirkpatrick-Baez(KB)mirrors play an important role in synchrotron X-ray applications.A KB system is composed of two aspherical,grazing-incidence mirrors used to focus an X-ray beam.The fabrication of KB mirrors is challenging due to the aspherical departure of the mirror surfaces from base geometries and the high-quality requirements for slope and height residuals.In this paper,we present the process of manufacturing an elliptical cylinder KB mirror using our in-house-developed ion beam figuring(IBF)and metrology technologies.First,the key aspects of figuring and finishing processes with IBF are illustrated in detail.The effect of positioning error on the convergence of the residual slope error is highlighted and compensated.Finally,inspection and cross-validation using different metrology instruments are performed and used as the final validation of the mirror.Results confirm that relative to the requested off-axis ellipse,the mirror has achieved 0.15-μrad root mean square(RMS)and 0.36-nm RMS residual slope and height errors,respectively,while maintaining the initial 0.3-nm RMS microroughness.

关键词： Ion beam figuring Kirkpatrick-Baez synchrotron X-ray mirrors Stitching interferometry Optical fabrication Optical metrology

Infrared microspectroscopy beamline BL06B at SSRF

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 10-17页

作者： Te Ji Hua-Chun Zhu Wei-Wei Peng Jie Wang Hong-Wei Zhao Ai-Guo Li Min Chen Shanghai synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China

The infrared microspectroscopy beamline(BL06B) is a phase Ⅱ beamline project at the Shanghai synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF). The construction and optical alignment of BL06B were completed by the end of 2020. By 2021, it became accessible to users. The synchrotron radiation infrared(SRIR) source included edge radiation(ER) and bending magnet radiation(BMR). The extracted angles in the horizontal and vertical directions were 40 and 20 mrad, respectively. The photon flux, spectral resolution, and focused spot size were measured at the BL06B endstation, and the experimental results were consistent with theoretical calculations. SRIR light has a small divergence angle, high brightness, and a wide wavelength range. As a source of IR microscopy, it can easily focus on a diffraction-limited spatial resolution with a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). The BL06B endstation can be applied in a wide range of research fields, including materials, chemistry, biology, geophysics, and pharmacology.

关键词： synchrotron radiation Infrared beamline Infrared microspectroscopy

Bunch-length measurement at a bunch-by-bunch rate based on time–frequency-domain joint analysis techniques and its application

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 165-175页

作者： Hong-Shuang Wang Xing Yang Yong-Bin Leng Yi-Mei Zhou Ji-Gang Wang Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China national synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

This paper presents a new technique for measuring the bunch length of a high-energy electron beam at a bunch-by-bunch rate in storage rings.This technique uses the time–frequency-domain joint analysis of the bunch signal to obtain bunch-by-bunch and turn-by-turn longitudinal parameters,such as bunch length and synchronous phase.The bunch signal is obtained using a button electrode with a bandwidth of several gigahertz.The data acquisition device was a high-speed digital oscilloscope with a sampling rate of more than 10 GS/s,and the single-shot sampling data buffer covered thousands of turns.The bunch-length and synchronous phase information were extracted via offline calculations using Python scripts.The calibration coefficient of the system was determined using a commercial streak camera.Moreover,this technique was tested on two different storage rings and successfully captured various longitudinal transient processes during the harmonic cavity debugging process at the Shanghai synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF),and longitudinal instabilities were observed during the single-bunch accumulation process at Hefei light source(HLS).For Gaussian-distribution bunches,the uncertainty of the bunch phase obtained using this technique was better than 0.2 ps,and the bunch-length uncertainty was better than 1 ps.The dynamic range exceeded 10 ms.This technology is a powerful and versatile beam diagnostic tool that can be conveniently deployed in high-energy electron storage rings.

关键词： Bunch-by-bunch diagnostic Bunch-length measurement Synchronous phase measurement Joint time–frequency-domain analysis Longitudinal instability

Dimensionality-driven metal to Mott insulator transition in two-dimensional 1T-TaSe2

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national Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 108-118页

作者： Ning Tian Zhe Huang Bo Gyu Jang Shuaifei Guo Ya-Jun Yan Jingjing Gao Yijun Yu Jinwoong Hwang Cenyao Tang Meixiao Wang Xuan Luo Yu Ping Sun Zhongkai Liu Dong-Lai Feng Xianhui Chen Sung-Kwan Mo Minjae Kim Young-Woo Son Dawei Shen Wei Ruan Yuanbo Zhang Advanced light source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China and Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences national synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics New Cornerstone Science Laboratory and Department of PhysicsFudan University Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology(SIMIT)Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Korea Institute for Advanced Study School of Emerging Technology and Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China

Two-dimensional materials represent a major frontier for research into exotic many-body quantum phenomena. In the extreme two-dimensional limit, electron-electron interaction often dominates over other electronic energy scales, leading to strongly correlated effects such as quantum spin liquid and unconventional superconductivity.The dominance is conventionally attributed to the lack of electron screening in the third dimension. Here, we discover an intriguing metal to Mott insulator transition in 1T-TaSe2that defies conventional wisdom. Specifically, we find that dimensionality crossover, instead of reduced screening, drives the transition in atomically thin 1T-TaSe2. A dispersive band crossing the Fermi level is found to be responsible for the bulk metallicity in the material. Reducing the dimensionality,however, effectively quenches the kinetic energy of these initially itinerant electrons, and drives the material into a Mott insulating state.The dimensionality-driven metal to Mott insulator transition resolves the long-standing dichotomy between metallic bulk and insulating surface of 1T-TaSe2. Our work further reveals a new pathway for modulating two-dimensional materials that enables exploring strongly correlated systems across uncharted parameter space.

关键词： two-dimensional materials 1T-TaSe2 dimensionality crossover metal to Mott insulator transition

Photocatalytic seawater splitting by 2D heterostructure of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3) decorated with plasmonic Au for hydrogen evolution under visible light

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 55-63,I0003页

作者： Huiqin An Yanjun Wang Xing Xiao Jiaxin Liu Zhiyao Ma Tianxin Gao Wanyu Hong Lizhi Zhao Hong Wang Qingjun Zhu Shanshan Chen Zhen Yin School of Chemistry Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron DESY 15738 ZeuthenGermany Schoolof Materials Science and Engineering & national Institutefor Advanced Materials Nankai University Tianjin300350 China College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China

Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from seawater splitting presents a promising approach to tackle the fossil energy crisis and mitigate carbon emission due to the abundant source of seawater and sunlight on the earth.However,the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3)(ZIS/WO_(3))heterojunction nanostructure is fabricated to efficiently separate the photoinduced carriers by steering electron transfer from the conduction band minimum of WO_(3) to the valence band maximum of ZIS via constructing internal electric field.Subsequently,plasmonic Au nanoparticles(NPs)as a novel photosensitizer and a reduction cocatalyst are anchored on ZIS/WO_(3) surface to further enhance the optical absorption of ZIS/WO_(3) heterojunction and accelerate the catalytic conversion.The obtained Au/ZIS/WO_(3) photocatalyst exhibits an outstanding H_(2) evolution rate of 2610.6 or 3566.3μmol g^(-1)h~(-1)from seawater splitting under visible or full-spectrum light irradiation,respectively.These rates represent an impressive increase of approximately 7.3-and 6,6-fold compared to those of ZIS under the illumination of the same light source.The unique 2D/2D structure,internal electric field,and plasmonic metal modification together boost the photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of Au/ZIS/WO_(3),making it even comparable to H_(2) evolution from pure water splitting.The present work sheds light on the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting.

关键词： Photocatalytic seawater splitting 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3) Surface plasmon resonance effect Interfacial electric field

Enriched electrophilic oxygen species facilitate acidic oxygen evolution on Ru-Mo binary oxide catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1165-1172页

作者： Yaya Wang Yunzhou Wen Yumeng Cheng Xinhong Chen Mengjiao Zhuansun Tongbao Wang Jun Li Debora Meira Huarui Sun Jun Wei Jia Zhou Yuhang Wang Sisi He Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)University TownShenzhen 518055China School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)University TownShenzhen 518055China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Science Division Canadian Light SourceSaskatoonSKS7N 2V3Canada Photon Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL60439USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)University TownShenzhen 518055China

The polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM)electrolyzers are burdened with costly iridium(Ir)-based catalysts and high operation overpotentials for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The development of earth-abundant,highly active,and durable electrocatalysts to replace Ir is a critical step in reducing the cost of green hydrogen production.Here we develop a Ru5Mo4Ox binary oxide catalyst that exhibits high activity and stability in acidic OER.The electron-withdrawing property of Mo enriches the electrophilic surface oxygen species,which promotes acidic OER to proceed via the adsorbate evolution pathway.As a result,we achieve a 189 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 48.8 mV·dec^(-1).Our catalyst demonstrates a substantial 18-fold increase in intrinsic activity,as evaluated by turnover frequency,compared to commercially available RuO_(2) and IrO_(2) catalysts.Moreover,we report a stable OER operation at 10 mA·cm^(-2) for 100 h with a low degradation rate of 2.05 mV·h^(-1).

关键词： electrocatalysis oxygen evolution reaction(OER) ruthenium(Ru)-based oxide molybdenum electrophilic oxygen

Lowly Fused Non-Fullerene Acceptors Towards Efficient Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Isomerization

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第8期40卷 928-936,I0009页

作者： Min Deng Xiao-Peng Xu Li-Yang Yu Rui-Peng Li Qiang Peng School of Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China national synchrotron light source ii Brookhaven National LabSuffolkUptonNY11973USA

Two lowly fused non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)with isomeric structures,named as BTP-out-4F and BTP-in-4F,were developed by tailoring the fused 7-ring central core of Y6 into a lowly fused 5-ring linked with two octyloxythiophene bridges.BTP-out-4F with octyloxy side chains away from the central core exhibited large steric hindrance that restrained the rotational freedom between the thiophene bridge and end group but maintained free rotation between the central core and the thiophene bridge.In contrast,BTP-in-4F with octyloxy side chains close to the central core had much lower rotation freedom due to the non-covalent S⋯O interactions locked the central core,thiophene bridge and end group simultaneously,making BTP-in-4F have higher molecular crystallinity.On the other hand,the optical properties,energy levels and the blend morphology properties were significantly influenced,leading to distinctive photovoltaic performances.BTP-out-4F formed favorable energy level alignment and morphology when matching with PBDB-T donor,thus its device realized a much higher PCE of 13.32%,which was over 13 times than that of BTP-in-4F based device(PCE=0.97%).

关键词： Polymer solar cells Nonfullerene acceptors Lowly fused Structural isomerization Confirmation lock