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Methods for studying tooth root cementum by light microscopy

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International Journal of Oral Science 2012年第3期4卷 119-128页

作者： Brian L Foster national Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and skin Diseases (NIAMS) National Institutes of Health (NIH)

The tooth root cementum is a thin, mineralized tissue covering the root dentin that is present primarily as acellular cementum on the cervical root and cellular cementum covering the apical root. While cementum shares many properties in common with bone and dentin, it is a unique mineralized tissue and acellular cementum is critical for attachment of the tooth to the surrounding periodontal ligament （PDL）. Resources for methodologies for hard tissues often overlook cementum and approaches that may be of value for studying this tissue. To address this issue, this report offers detailed methodology, as well as comparisons of several histological and immunohistochemical stains available for imaging the cementum-PDL complex by light microscopy. Notably, the infrequently used Alcian blue stain with nuclear fast red counterstain provided utility in imaging cementum in mouse, porcine and human teeth. While no truly unique extracellular matrix markers have been identified to differentiate cementum from the other hard tissues, immunohistochemistry for detection of bone sialoprotein （BSP）, osteopontin （OPN）, and dentin matrix protein 1 （DMP1） is a reliable approach for studying both acellular and cellular cementum and providing insight into developmental biology of these tissues. Histoloeical and immunohistochemical aooroaches Drovide insight on developmental biology of cementum.

关键词： bone bone sialoprotein cementum dentin dentin matrix protein 1 osteopontin periodontal ligament tooth development

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Dermatology in the military field: What physicians should know?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2013年第7期1卷 208-211页

作者： Wei-Sheng Chong Department of Dermatology National Skin Center

In the civilian dermatological setting, the top 5 skin diseases usually seen are eczema/dermatitis, acne, benign skin tumors, viral infections and pigmentary disorders. In comparison, the top 5 skin conditions encountered in the military sector are usually fungal infections, eczema/dermatitis, insect bite reactions, bacterial infections and acne. This is not surprising as military personnel, due to the special environment and vocations they are in, are prone to getting eczema as heat, sweating and wearing of the military uniform aggravate the condition. Fungal infections are common in those who wear the army boots. Insect bite reactions are not an uncommon sight among those who have to go to the jungle regularly for outfield training. Grass allergy or intolerance, contact dermatitis or acneiform eruption due to the application of military camouflage cream on the face, contact dermatitis to insect repellents, and military uniform allergy and intolerance are amongst the commonest dermatological problems encountered in the military field, and physicians should recognize them, investigate and manage these problems accordingly. Lastly, a diagnosis not to be missed in the military field is cutaneous melioidosis, especially when a military personnel presents with a non-healing ulcer.

关键词： Dermatology skin diseases Military

Mitigating osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONJ) through preventive dental care and understanding of risk factors

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Bone Research 2020年第1期8卷 14-25页

作者： Jason TWan Douglas MSheeley Martha JSomerman Janice SLee national Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Laboratory for Oral Connective Tissue Biology National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

It is well established that alterations in phosphate metabolism have a profound effect on hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. The present-day clinical form of osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONJ) was preceded by phosphorus necrosis of the jaw, ca. 1860. The subsequent removal of yellow phosphorus from matches in the early 20 th century saw a parallel decline in "phossy jaw" until the early 2000 s, when similar reports of unusual jaw bone necrosis began to appear in the literature describing jaw necrosis in patients undergoing chemotherapy and concomitant steroid and bisphosphonate treatment. Today, the potential side effect of ONJ associated with medications that block osteoclast activity(antiresorptive) is well known, though the mechanism remains unclear and the management and outcomes are often unsatisfactory. Much of the existing literature has focused on the continuing concerns of appropriate use of bisphosphonates and other antiresorptive medications, the incomplete or underdeveloped research on ONJ, and the use of drugs with anabolic potential for treatment of osteoporosis. While recognizing that ONJ is a rare occurrence and ONJ-associated medications play an important role in fracture risk reduction in osteoporotic patients, evidence to date suggests that health care providers can lower the risk further by dental evaluations and care prior to initiating antiresorptive therapies and by monitoring dental health during and after treatment. This review describes the current clinical management guidelines for ONJ, the critical role of dental-medical management in mitigating risks, and the current understanding of the effects of predominantly osteoclast-modulating drugs on bone homeostasis.

关键词： drugs metabolism alterations

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Managing itch:Can we do better?

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World Journal of Dermatology 2012年第2期1卷 3-5页

作者： Hong Liang Tey national skin centre Mandalay Road Singapore 308205 Singapore

Itch is a common problem and it can be debilitating. In the approach to managing chronic pruritic diseases, the key would be to identify the underlying cause and to adopt treatment specific to the condition. Unfortunately, in many cases, the cause/s can be occult. A careful examination for an underlying primary dermatosis is required, and repeated examinations at intervals may be needed. In generalized pruritus without a primary dermatosis, investigations to exclude a systemic disease are usually necessary. If the cause is still not determined, a trial of therapy may be very useful. The next step in the approach to chronic pruritus would be to use anti-pruritic agents specific to the type of pruritic disease. As we understand more about the patho-physiology of the various types of chronic pruritic diseases, we will be able to judiciously use treatment targeting the underlying mechanisms better and thereby achieve more favorable results. It is important to understand that itch is a sensation of multi-dimensional nature. In addition to its somatosensory aspect, it is closely linked to emotion and cognition. Very often, chronic pruritus originates from an organic disease but is amplified by the psychology of the patient. It is important to check if there are psycho-social issues that accompanies the presentation of chronic pruritus, and addressing them provides for a more effective and holistic management to the condition. A multi-disciplinary clinic would be suited to better address these aspects. Such a multidisciplinary clinic would typically comprise a dermatolo-gist, a nurse educator, a psychologist, a psychiatrist and medical social worker. In summary, our current clinical management of itch can be improved through careful identification of the underlying cause/s, using therapies specific for the disease and targeting the pathological mechanisms, and adopting a holistic approach to the clinical problem.

关键词： Pruritus Management Approach Holistic Multi-disciplinary

Refractory lipoatrophy treated with autologous whole blood injection:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第2期13卷 33-38页

作者： Wonnam Kim Jun Su Park En Hyung Kim Department of Pharmacology School of Korean MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612GyeongnamSouth Korea Department of Dermatology College of MedicineChungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644ChungbukSouth Korea Department of Dermatology Chungbuk National University HospitalCheongju 28644ChungbukSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Intramuscular corticosteroid injection may cause adverse effects such as dermal and/or subcutaneous atrophy,alopecia,hypopigmentation,and *** cutaneous atrophy can spontaneously resolve,several treatment options have been suggested for this *** SUMMARY In this paper,we report a case of corticosteroid injection induced lipoatrophy treated with autologous whole blood(AWB)injection,as the condition had been unresponsive to fractional laser therapy.A 29-year-old female patient visited the dermatology clinic complaining of skin depression on her right buttock area,which had appeared six months *** had been only subtle improvement at the margins after fractional CO_(2) laser treatment;therefore,after obtaining informed consent from the patient,AWB treatment was *** month after the first AWB injection,the size and depth of the lesion had noticeably improved,and a slight improvement was also observed in *** Close observation is the initial treatment of choice for steroid induced skin atrophy;however,for patients in need of immediate cosmetic improvement,AWB injection may be a safe and cost-effective alternative.

关键词： Atrophy Corticosteroid Subcutaneous fat Autologous whole blood injection Laser therapy Case report

Regression analysis of squeezing-induced hybrid nanofluid flow in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 193-208页

作者： K.MUHAMMAD M.SARFRAZ Department of Humanities and Sciences School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This article presents a mathematical model addressing a scenario involving a hybrid nanofluid flow between two infinite parallel plates. One plate remains stationary, while the other moves downward at a squeezing velocity. The space between these plates contains a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. A mixture of water-based fluid with gold(Au) and silicon dioxide(Si O2) nanoparticles is formulated. In contrast to the conventional Fourier's heat flux equation, this study employs the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, invoking magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) effects. Further, the model accounts for Joule heating, which is the heat generated when an electric current passes through the fluid. The problem is solved via NDSolve in MATHEMATICA. Numerical and statistical analyses are conducted to provide insights into the behavior of the nanomaterials between the parallel plates with respect to the flow, energy transport, and skin *** findings of this study have potential applications in enhancing cooling systems and optimizing thermal management strategies. It is observed that the squeezing motion generates additional pressure gradients within the fluid, which enhances the flow rate but reduces the frictional drag. Consequently, the fluid is pushed more vigorously between the plates, increasing the flow velocity. As the fluid experiences higher flow rates due to the increased squeezing effect, it spends less time in the region between the plates. The thermal relaxation, however, abruptly changes the temperature, leading to a decrease in the temperature fluctuations.

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Efficacy and safety of secukinumab in Chinese patients with psoriatic arthritis: Evidence from a real-world study

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第21期137卷 2618-2620页

作者： Zhang Xiaohui Chen Yuan Geng Yan Deng Xuerong Zhang Zhuoli Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital Beijing China national Clinical Research Center for skin and Immune Diseases Beijing China

Epigenetics of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma:biomarkers and therapeutic potentials

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2021年第1期18卷 34-51页

作者： Pan Lai Yang Wang Department of Dermatology and Venereology Peking University First HospitalBeijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on DermatosesNational Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune DiseasesBeijing 100034China

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas(CTCLs)are a heterogeneous group of skin-homing non-Hodgkin *** are limited options for effective treatment of patients with advanced-stage CTCL,leading to a poor survival *** plays a pivotal role in regulating gene expression without altering the DNA *** alterations are involved in virtually all key cancerassociated pathways and are fundamental to the genesis of *** recent years,the epigenetic hallmarks of CTCL have been gradually elucidated and their potential values in the diagnosis,prognosis,and therapeutic intervention have been *** this review,we summarize the current knowledge of the best-studied epigenetic modifications in CTCL,including DNA methylation,histone modifications,micro RNAs,and chromatin *** epigenetic regulators are essential in the development of CTCL and provide new insights into the clinical treatments of this refractory disease.

关键词： Epigenetics cutaneous T-cell lymphoma DNA methylation histone modification micro RNA chromatin-remodeling complex

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Native and engineered exosomes for inflammatory disease

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6991-7006页

作者： Xiaoyi Ma Bingbing Liu Limin Fan Yiqiong Liu Yuge Zhao Tianbin Ren Yan Li Yongyong Li Shanghai skin Disease Hospital School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles which carry specific molecular information from donor cells and act as an intercellular communication vehicle,which have emerged as a novel cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases including inflammatory ***,rising studies have developed exosome-based strategies for novel inflammation therapy due to their biocompatibility and *** not only use native exosomes as therapeutic agents for inflammation,but also strive to make up for the natural defects of exosomes through engineering methods to improve and update the property of exosomes for enhanced therapeutic *** engineered exosomes can improve cargo-loading efficiency,targeting ability,stability,etc.,to achieve combined and diverse treatment strategies in inflammation ***,a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in application studies of native and engineered exosomes as well as the engineered methods is ***,potential application prospects,possible challenges,the development of clinical researches of exosome treatment strategy are concluded from plentiful examples,which may be able to provide guidance and suggestions for the future research and application of exosomes.

关键词： inflammation exosome engineered exosome exosomes-based therapy