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Afforestation increases microbial diversity in low-carbon soils

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第2期35卷 14-22页

作者： Xuesen Pang Chuankuan Wang Chengjie Ren Zhenghu Zhou Center for Ecological research Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‑Ministry of EducationNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Northeast Asia Biodiversity research Center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100People’s Republic of China

Afforestation has an important role in biodiversity conservation and ecosystem function improvement.A meta-analysis was carried out in China,which has the largest plantation area globally,to quantify the effects of plantings on soil microbial *** results showed that the overall effect of afforestation on soil microbial diversity was positive across the *** forest algorithm suggested that soil carbon was the most important factor regulating microbial diversity and the positive response was only found with new plantings on low-carbon bare lands but not on high-carbon farmlands and *** addition,afforestation with broadleaved species increased microbial diversity,whereas planting with conifers had no effect on microbial *** study clarified the effects of plantings on soil microbial diversity,which has an important implication for establishing appropriate policies and practices to improve the multiple functionalities(e.g.,biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation)during plantation establishment.

关键词： Afforestation Microbial diversity Soil microbial communities Species-energy theory Plantations

Risk Assessment for Hybrid AC/DC Systems Based on Transient Energy Function

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1654-1663页

作者： Peng Sun Yun Teng Mingli Zhang Zhe Chen Shenyang university of Technology Shenyang 110870China Liaoning Electric Power Co.Ltd.Economic research institute Shenyang 110000China Department of Energy Technology Aalborg UniversityAalborgDK DK 9220

in order to accurately assess the risk of the hybrid AC/DC network under fault,a risk assessment method for the hybrid AC/DC system based on the transient energy function is ***,based on the energy transfer relationship of the hybrid AC/DC power system,the transient energy function model of the hybrid AC/DC system is *** on the operating data of the power grid,the energy function is used as an efficiency variable,and the efficiency variable is integrated into the prior risk probability calculation of nodes in the network,and a Bayesian network-based risk assessment model of hybrid AC/DC system is *** the dynamic update model of network cascading failures,the clique tree propagation algorithm is used to dynamically calculate the posterior risk probability of the node to realize the dynamic assessment of the network ***,the improved iEEE-39 node hybrid AC/DC system is used as an example for *** results show that the proposed model can not only effectively evaluate the overall safety of the network,but also has feasibility in predicting faults,which can provide a theoretical basis for the stability control of the hybrid AC/DC system.

关键词： Cascading failure energy function hybrid AC-DC system risk assessment

The spectrum of rare monogenic diseases in patients with premature coronary artery disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第10期137卷 1246-1248页

作者： Yaqun Teng Tian Du Siqin Feng Ran Tian Yaping Liu Jian Guo Lei Wang Zhiyu Zhang Xiaodong Luan Shan He Shengsheng Zhuang Yifei Wang Shuyuan Zhang Shi Chen Zhenyu Liu Shuyang Zhang Department of Cardiology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare diseasePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of internal Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Basic Medical Sciences Tsinghua University School of MedicineBeijing 100084China Department of Breast Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdong 510060China McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Tsinghua university-Peking university Joint Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China Department of Cardiology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health CommissionPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Research Center for Behavior Medicine in Growth and DevelopmentBeijing 100730China

To the Editor:The global burden of premature coronary artery disease(CAD)is increasing among the young *** CAD generally refers to the occurrence of obstructive coronary atherothrombotic lesions in men and women agedively,and particularly in those agedincidence of CAD in the younger population has remained stable or has increased,despite the declining incidence in older *** with premature CAD have a poor long-term prognosis,experiencing a high rate of recurrent ischemic events,rapid progression to multivessel disease,and frequent premature death.[1]Thus,it is crucial to identify the underlying causes of premature CAD that are distinct from those of age-related CAD and improve patient outcomes through precise diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： premature younger precise

An orally-available monovalent SMAC mimetic compound as a broad-spectrum antiviral

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Protein & Cell 2024年第1期15卷 69-75页

作者： Miao Mei Maria_Antonietta impagnatiello Jun Jiao Ulrich Reiser Ulrike Tontsch-Grunt Ju Zhang Paul Nicklin Bingke Yu Yu Wang Yuan He Xu Tan Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural BiologyBeijing Frontier Research Center for Biological StructureMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Chinese institutes for Medical research Beijing 100069China Boehringer ingelheim RCV GmbH&Co KG ViennaAustria College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China research Beyond Borders Boehringer IngelheimBiberach an der RissGermany research Beyond Borders Boehringer IngelheimShanghai 200120China

DearEditor,The coronavirus disease 2019(COViD-19)pandemic caused great global morbidity and mortality concurrent with astronomical socioeconomic damages and *** now,the culpable pathogen,SARS-CoV-2,has infected over 6 hundred million people resulting in more than 6 million deaths worldwide(WHO SARSCoV-2 cases).There is an urgent need for rapid development of effective and affordable therapeutics for COViD-19 patients.

关键词： mortality spectrum compound

Metabolic reprogramming by Syntenin-1 directs RA FLS and endothelial cell-mediated inflammation and angiogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2024年第1期21卷 33-46页

作者： Anja Meyer Stephanie R.Zack Wes Nijim Adel Burgos Vishwa Patel Brian Zanotti Michael V.Volin M.Asif Amin Myles J.Lewis Costantino Pitzalis Shiva Arami Joseph A.Karam Nadera J.Sweiss Shiva Shahrara Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoILUSA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyThe University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of Microbiology and immunology Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveILUSA Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Centre for Experimental Medicine&Rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteQueen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC&NHS TrustLondonUK Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityand Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly Department of Orthopedic Surgery the University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

A novel rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovial fluid protein,Syntenin-1,and its receptor,Syndecan-1(SDC-1),are colocalized on RA synovial tissue endothelial cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS).Syntenin-1 exacerbates the inflammatory landscape of endothelial cells and RA FLS by upregulating transcription of iRF1/5/7/9,iL-1β,iL-6,and CCL2 through SDC-1 ligation and HiF1α,or mTOR ***,Syntenin-1 orchestrates RA FLS and endothelial cell invasion via SDC-1 and/or mTOR *** Syntenin-1 reprogrammed endothelial cells,the dynamic expression of metabolic intermediates coincides with escalated glycolysis along with unchanged oxidative factors,AMPK,PGC-1α,citrate,and inactive oxidative ***,RA FLS rewired by Syntenin-1 displayed a modest glycolytic-ATP accompanied by a robust mitochondrial-ATP *** enriched mitochondrial-ATP detected in Syntenin-1 reprogrammed RA FLS was coupled with mitochondrial fusion and fission recapitulated by escalated Mitofusin-2 and DRP1 *** found that VEGFR1/2 and Notch1 networks are responsible for the crosstalk between Syntenin-1 rewired endothelial cells and RA FLS,which are also represented in RA *** to RA explants,morphological and transcriptome studies authenticated the importance of VEGFR1/2,Notch1,RAPTOR,and HiF1αpathways in Syntenin-1 arthritic mice and their obstruction in SDC-1 deficient ***,dysregulation of SDC-1,mTOR,and HiF1αnegated Syntenin-1 inflammatory phenotype in RA explants,while inhibition of HiF1αimpaired synovial angiogenic imprint amplified by *** conclusion,since the current therapies are ineffective on Syntenin-1 and SDC-1 expression in RA synovial tissue and blood,targeting this pathway and its interconnected metabolic intermediates may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

关键词： Syntenin-1 Syndecan-1 RA FLS RA explants immunometabolism

B cell development and antibody responses in human immune system mice:current status and future perspective

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 645-652页

作者： Tao Zhang Wentao Liu Yong-Guang Yang Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration&Transplantation of the Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China national-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China international Center of Future Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China

Humanized immune system(HiS)mice have been developed and used as a small surrogate model to study human immune function under normal or disease *** variations are found between models,most HiS mice show robust human T cell ***,there has been unsuccessful in constructing HiS mice that produce high-affinity human antibodies,primarily due to defects in terminal B cell differentiation,antibody affinity maturation,and development of primary follicles and germinal *** this review,we elaborate on the current knowledge about and previous attempts to improve human B cell development in HiS mice,and propose a potential strategy for constructing HiS mice with improved humoral immunity by transplantation of human follicular dendritic cells(FDCs)to facilitate the development of secondary follicles.

关键词： humanized immune system mouse humoral immunity germinal center B cell follicular dendritic cell

Study on the fast elimination of smoke particle based on electro-acoustic coupling agglomeration technology

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 1-10页

作者： Jie Feng Mingfeng Lu Kaige Wang Kun Luo Mingzhou Yu Guangxue Zhang Jiangrong Xu Shuping Pan Hailin Gu The institute for Energy Engineering China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou310018China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Qingshanhu Energy research Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310017China Zhejiang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Hangzhou310012China

Fire smoke,which consists large amounts of fine particles,is considered as the fatal factor in *** this study,a fast smoke particle elimination method based on electro-acoustic coupling agglomeration technology is ***,the experimental results show that the electro-acoustic coupling agglomeration has higher smoke elimination efficiency compared to *** smoke transmission is much less than 80%after 30s of single acoustic or electric field action,while the coupled field reaches 90%.Then,the effects of acoustic frequency,sound pressure level and voltage on the smoke elimination characteristics are *** is found that the optimal acoustic frequency is *** as the sound pressure level and voltage increase,the elimination efficiency first increases and then tends to stabilize,the critical values of the sound pressure level and voltage are 135 dB and *** indicates that there is an optimal combination of the three ***,through the theoretical analysis of particle movement and the micro-morphology of agglomerates,the particle agglomeration mechanism under the electro-acoustic coupling is *** study provides a new idea for the fast elimination of fire smoke particle.

关键词： Smoke particle Agglomeration Electro-acoustic coupling Smoke elimination

Multi-focus non-periodic scanning method for femtosecond lasers based on DMD and galvanometer scanners[invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第5期22卷 89-94页

作者：李华明王雨胡庆磊张卓宇吕晓华曾绍群 Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering SciencesHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Multi-focus parallel scanning can effectively increase laser fabrication ***,the conventional approach of using a spatial light modulator(SLM)to generate multi-foci and scan this fixed number of foci with galvanometer scanners can only achieve a periodic scanning trajectory due to the low switching speed of the *** we demonstrate a multifocus non-periodic scanning method for femtosecond lasers by using,instead,a fast-switching digital micromirror device(DMD)to generate a dynamic number of *** number of effective foci is quickly switched by introducing aberration to the undesired *** this way,the intensity allocated to each focus will not be affected by the number of foci,and a uniformity of 98%with different numbers of foci is achieved without adjusting the total laser ***,we validate the effectiveness of this scanning method by demonstrating corneal flap fabrication of porcine cornea in vitro.

关键词： multi-focus non-periodic trajectory digital micromirror device aberration control corneal cutting

Reanalysis of energy band structure in the type-ii quantum wells

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 75-78页

作者：李欣欣邓震江洋杜春花贾海强王文新陈弘 Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and DevicesBeijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China The Yangtze River Delta Physics research Center Liyang 213000China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Band structure analysis holds significant importance for understanding the optoelectronic characteristics of semiconductor structures and exploring their potential applications in practice. For quantum well structures, the energy of carriers in the well splits into discrete energy levels due to the confinement of barriers in the growth direction. However, the discrete energy levels obtained at a fixed wave vector cannot accurately reflect the actual energy band structure. in this work, the band structure of the type-ii quantum wells is reanalyzed. When the wave vectors of the entire Brillouin region(corresponding to the growth direction) are taken into account, the quantized energy levels of the carriers in the well are replaced by subbands with certain energy distributions. This new understanding of the energy bands of low-dimensional structures not only helps us to have a deeper cognition of the structure, but also may overturn many viewpoints in traditional band theories and serve as supplementary to the band theory of low-dimensional systems.

关键词： energy band structure type-ii quantum wells low-dimensional semiconductors