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In patients who had a stroke or TIA, enlarged perivascular spaces in basal ganglia may cause future haemorrhagic strokes

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 8-17,I0001-I0033页

作者： Yu Tian Mengxing Wang Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan Zhao Liping Liu Yongjun Wang Yilong Wang department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina national Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China national Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina

Introduction It remains unclear whether enlarged perivascular spaces(EPVS)predict poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)or transient ischaemic attack(TIA).Method Data were obtained from the Third China national Stroke Registry *** estimated EPVS in basal ganglia(BG)and centrum semiovale(CSO)using a semiquantified scale(Grade from 0 to 4).Using Cox and logistic regression analyses,the associations of EPVS with 3-month and 1-year adverse outcomes(including recurrent stroke,ischaemic stroke,haemorrhagic stroke,combined vascular event,disability and mortality)were *** analyses of any association of cerebral small vessel disease at baseline and development of a small arterial occlusion(SAO)were *** Among 12603 patients with AIS/TIA,median age was 61.7±11.6 years,and 68.2%were *** adjusting for all potential confounders,frequent-to-severe BG-EPVS was associated with a decreased risk of recurrent ischaemic stroke(HR 0.71,95%CI 0.55 to 0.92,p=0.01)but an increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke(HR 1.99,95%CI 1.11 to 3.58,p=0.02)at 1 year after AIS/TIA,compared with none-to-mild *** with frequent-to-severe CSO-EPVS had a decreased risk of disability(OR 0.76,95%CI 0.62 to 0.92,p=0.004)and all-cause death(HR 0.55,95%CI 0.31 to 0.98,p=0.04)within 3-month but not 1-year follow-ups,compared with those with none-to-mild *** analyses showed that both BG-EPVS(HR 0.43,95%CI 0.21 to 0.87,p=0.02)and CSO-EPVS(HR 0.58,95%CI 0.35 to 0.95,p=0.03)were associated with a decreased risk of subsequent ischaemic stroke in patients with SAO during 1-year *** BG-EPVS increased the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in patients already with AIS/TIA within 1 ***,caution is recommended when selecting antithrombotic agents for secondary stroke prevention in patients with AIS/TIA and more severe BG-EPVS.

关键词： patients haemorrhagic prevention

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Cancer cell membrane-coated bacterial ghosts for highly efficient paclitaxel delivery against metastatic lung cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 365-377页

作者： Dandan Ling Xueli Jia Ke Wang Qiucheng Yan Bochuan Yuan Lina Du Miao Li Yiguang Jin Anhui Medical University Hefei 230032China department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijing 100850China

Chemotherapy is one of the major approaches for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer,although it is limited by the low tumor delivery efficacy of anticancer *** therapy is emerging for cancer treatment due to its high immune stimulation effect;however,excessively generated immunogenicity will cause serious inflammatory response ***,we prepared cancer cell membrane-coated liposomal paclitaxel-loaded bacterial ghosts(LP@BG@CCM)by layer-by-layer encapsulation for the treatment of metastatic lung *** preparation processes were simple,only involving film formation,electroporation,and pore ***@BG@CCM owned much higher 4T1 cancer cell toxicity than LP@BG due to its faster fusion with cancer *** the 4T1 breast cancer metastatic lung cancer mouse models,the remarkably higher lung targeting of intravenously injected LP@BG@CCM was observed with the almost normalized lung appearance,the reduced lung weight,the clear lung tissue structure,and the enhanced cancer cell apoptosis compared to its ***,several major immune factors were improved after administration of LP@BG@CCM,including the CD4^(+)/CD8a^(+)T cells in the spleen and the TNF-α,IFN-γ,and IL-4 in the ***@BG@CCM exhibits the optimal synergistic chemo-immunotherapy,which is a promising medication for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.

关键词： Apoptosis Bacterial ghost Cancer cell membrane Immune stimulation Liposome Lung targeting Metastatic lung cancer Paclitaxel

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A preliminary study on rectal dose reduction associated with hyaluronic acid implantation in brachytherapy for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 286-293页

作者： Tairo Kashihara Yuka Urago Hiroyuki Okamoto Mihiro Takemori Hiroki Nakayama Shohei Mikasa Tetsu Nakaichi Kotaro Iijima Takahito Chiba Junichi Kuwahara Satoshi Nakamura Weishan Chang Yoshiyuki Matsui Hiroshi Igaki department of radiation Oncology National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan radiation Safety and Quality Assurance Division National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan department of Radiological Sciences Graduate School of Human Health SciencesTokyo Metropolitan University7-2-10 Higashi-OguArakawa-kuTokyoJapan department of Radiological Technology National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan department of Urological Oncology National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan

Objectives: Hydrogel spacer (HS) was developed to reduce rectal toxicities caused by radiotherapy, but has been reported to cause major adverse events. Our institute has attempted to introduce a hyaluronic acid (HA) as an alternative spacer. This study aimed to compare rectal doses and geometric distributions between the HS and HA implantation in prostate ***: HS and HA were inserted in 20 and 18 patients undergoing high-dose brachytherapy, respectively. The rectum spacer volumes injected were 10 mL and 22 mL, respectively. In the treatment planning system, 13.5 Gy was administered with common catheter positions. The rectal dose indices were assessed between the spacer groups for dosimetry evaluation. Distances between the prostate and rectum and configurations of the spacers were ***: The mean doses irradiated to 0.1 and 2 mL of the rectum were 10.45 Gy and 6.71 Gy for HS, and 6.73 Gy and 4.90 Gy for HA (p<0.001). The mean minimum distances between the prostate and rectum were 1.23 cm and 1.79 cm for HS and HA, respectively (p<0.05). Geometrical configuration comparisons revealed that HA has a higher ability to expand the space than ***: The rectal dose reduction ability of HA is significantly greater than that of HS, suggesting its potential as a new spacer.

关键词： Brachytherapy Hyaluronicacid Hydrogel Prostaticneoplasm Radiotherapy

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Monte Carlo method for evaluation of surface emission rate measurement uncertainty

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 126-136页

作者： Yuan-Qiao Li Min Lin Li-Jun Xu Rui Luo Yu-He Zhang Qian-Xi Ni Yun-Tao Liu China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing102413China national Key Laboratory for Metrology and Calibration Techniques Beijing102413China department of radiation Oncology Hunan Cancer HospitalChangsha410031China The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South UniversityChangsha410031China

The aim of this study is to evaluate the uncertainty of 2πα and 2πβ surface emission rates using the windowless multiwire proportional counter *** study used the Monte Carlo method (MCM) to validate the conventional Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) method.A dead time measurement model for the two-source method was established based on the characteristics of a single-channel measurement system,and the voltage threshold correction factor measurement function was indirectly obtained by fitting the threshold correction *** uncertainty in the surface emission rate was calculated using the GUM method and the law of propagation of *** MCM provided clear definitions for each input quantity and its uncertainty distribution,and the simulation training was realized with a complete and complex mathematical *** results of the surface emission rate uncertainty evaluation for four radioactive plane sources using both methods showed the uncertainty’s consistency E_(n)<0.070 for the comparison of each source,and the uncertainty results of the GUM were all lower than those of the ***,the MCM has a more objective evaluation process and can serve as a validation tool for GUM results.

关键词： Surface emission rate Monte Carlo method Metrology Probability distribution function Dead time Low-energy loss correction Least-squares method

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A compact X-band backward traveling-wave accelerating structure

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 13-29页

作者： Xian-Cai Lin Hao Zha Jia-Ru Shi Qiang Gao Fang-Jun Hu Qing-Zhu Li Huai-Bi Chen department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Particle and radiation Imaging(Tsinghua University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China

Very high-energy electrons(VHEEs)are potential candidates for FLASH radiotherapy for deep-seated *** proposed a compact VHEE facility based on an X-band high-gradient high-power *** this study,we investigated and realized the first X-band backward traveling-wave(BTW)accelerating structure as the buncher for a VHEE facility.A method for calculating the parameters of single cell from the field distribution was introduced to simplify the design of the BTW ***-domain circuit equations were applied to calculate the transient beam parameters of the buncher in the unsteady state.A prototype of the BTW structure with a thermionic cathode-diode electron gun was designed,fabricated,and tested at high power at the Tsinghua X-band high-power test *** structure successfully operated with 5-MW microwave pulses from the pulse compressor and outputted electron bunches with an energy of 8 MeV and a pulsed current of 108 mA.

关键词： Backward traveling-wave accelerating structure Equivalent circuit model High-power test Very high-energy electron radiotherapy

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Classical taxonomy,molecular phylogeny and genetic analysis of the genus Exitianus Ball,1929(Hemiptera:Cicadellidae:Deltocephalinae)from Egypt

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Zoological Systematics 2024年第2期49卷 143-157页

作者： Rabab M.El-Hady Ahmed F.El-Sayed Survey&Taxonomy department Plant Protection Research InstituteAgriculture Research CentreGizaEgypt Microbial Genetics department Biotechnology Research InstituteNational Research CentreGizaEgypt Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine(ECRRM) CairoEgypt

Egyptian species of the leafhopper genus Exitianus Ball,1929,***(St?l,1855),***(Distant,1908),and *** Ross,1968 are ***,morphological descriptions,and a key for their identification are *** this study,we used molecular techniques to confirm morphological identification and detect phylogeny among the three Exitianus *** partial nucleotide sequences of the amplified products obtained were determined by Macrogen *** nucleotide sequences of 28S rDNA and COX genes of the EGY-ARC-9,EGY-ARC-4,and EGY-ARC-5 were determined by Macrogen Korea,blasted into BLAST at the national Center for Biotechnology Information website(NCBI)and compared with those deposited in the GenBank DNA *** results represented the homology percentage between the partial sequences of the 28S rRNA and COX genes from each species and related species obtained from GenBank DNA *** morphological identifications of the three Exitianus species were confirmed by molecular characterization and sequencing of 28S rDNA and COX genes and identified as ***,***,and ***,their sequences of 28srDNA and COX genes were deposited in GenBank with an accession number(LC670610,LC670607,and OQ196105)for 28srDNA gene and(LC775357,LC775358,and LC775359)for the COX gene.

关键词： Auchenorrhyncha Chaismini taxonomic 28S rDNA phylogenetic

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Quantitative understanding of phase segregation behaviors by precisely building discrete oligo-ester-b-oligo-olefin block copolymers

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 1008-1016页

作者： Yuxin Liu Rui Tan Haibing Wu Xue-Hui Dong Zhengbiao Zhang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of radiation Medicine and protection Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Block copolymers(BCPs) with high Flory-Huggins parameter(χ) and balanced surface energy have aroused tremendous interest for ultra-small nanopatterns ***,high χ and balanced surface energy are generally *** fine tune of chain structure might be a useful way to achieve high χ and balanced surface *** realize this,the block copolymer with exactly uniform chain structure,i.e.,defined molecular structure,is highly desirable for accurately evaluating the phase ***,two kinds of discrete oligo ester-b-oligo olefin block copolymers with different chemical structures(oligo lactic acid-boligo olefin BCP,oLA_(n)-b-C_(m);oligo phenyl lactic acid-b-oligo olefin BCP,oPL_(n)-b-C_(m)) were modularly synthesized through iterative growth *** effect of chain structure on segregation strength and surface properties was quantitatively investigated using the discrete BCPs as precise *** the one hand,introducing rigid and nonpolar phenyl groups into oligo ester block has a negligible effect on the chemical incompatibility,as confirmed by the identical high χ values of oLA_(n)-b-C_(m) and oPL_(n)-b-C_(m)(χ_(oLA/C)=0.21 and χ_(oPL/C)=0.19).On the other hand,the incorporation of nonpolar phenyl groups creates balanced surface energy,that is,the high χ and balanced surface energy were simultaneously achieved by oPL_(n)-b-C_(m).Therefore,sub-10 nm perpendicular nanopatterns can be easily produced upon brief thermal treatment,demonstrating its potential application in semiconductor manufacturing with ultra-small feature *** discrete BCP can serve as a quantitative and exquisite model to study the critical contribution of chain structures on phase separation behavior,providing insightful understanding to facilitate the potential application in the chip process.

关键词： discrete polymer iterative growth self-assembly highχ balanced surface

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Towards hydrometeorological thresholds of reservoir-induced landslide from subsurface strain observations

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1907-1922页

作者： YE Xiao ZHU HongHu WANG Jia ZHENG WanJi ZHANG Wei SCHENATO Luca PASUTO Alessandro CATANI Filippo School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China department of Geosciences University of PadovaPadova35131Italy School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha410083China department of Information Engineering University of PadovaPadova35131Italy national Research Council-Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological protection(CNR-IRPI) Padova35127Italy

Synergistic multi-factor early warning of large-scale landslides is a crucial component of geohazard prevention and mitigation efforts in reservoir *** forecasting and early warning based on surface displacements have been widely ***,the lack of direct subsurface real-time observations limits our ability to predict critical hydrometeorological conditions that trigger landslide *** this paper,we leverage subsurface strain data measured by high-resolution fiber optic sensing nerves that were installed in a giant reservoir landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)region,China,spanning a whole hydrologic year since February *** spatiotemporal strain profile has preliminarily identified the slip zones and potential drivers,indicating that high-intensity short-duration rainstorms controlled the landslide kinematics from an observation *** the time lag effect,we reexamined and quantified potential controls of accelerated movements using a data-driven approach,which reveals immediate response of landslide deformation to extreme rainfall with a zero-day *** identify critical hydrometeorological rules in accelerated movements,accounting for the dual effect of rainfall and reservoir water level variations,we thus construct a landslide prediction model that relies upon the boosting decision tree(BDT)algorithm using a dataset comprising daily rainfall,rainfall intensity,reservoir water level,water level fluctuations,and slip zone strain time *** results indicate that landslide acceleration is most likely to occur under the conditions of mid-low water levels(i.e.,57.9 mm and rainfall intensity>24.4 mm/h).Moreover,this prediction model allows us to update hydrometeorological thresholds by incorporating the latest monitoring *** on the shoulder of this landslide case,our study informs a practical and reliable path

关键词： slow-moving landslide fiber-optic monitoring subsurface strain hydrometeorological threshold extreme weather

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n-octyl acrylate is a candidate sex pheromone component involved in courtship in parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1200-1210页

作者： Yu-Xiao Tao Shuang Shan Youssef Dewer Shan-Ning Wang Adel Khashaveh Rui-Jun Li Yong-Jun Zhang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina College of Plant protection Agricultural University of HebeiBaodingHebei ProvinceChina Bioassay Research department Central Agricultural Pesticide LaboratorySabahia Plant Protection Research StationAgricultural Research CenterAlexandriaEgypt Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China Institute of Plant ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijingChina

Sex pheromones are considered to play critical roles in partner communication of most parasitic ***,the identification of sex pheromone components remains limited to a few families of parasitoid *** this study,we functionally characterized a candidate sex pheromone component in Microplitis mediator(Hymenoptera:Braconidae),a solitary parasitoid of Noctuidae *** found that the body surface extract from female wasps could significantly stimulate courtship behavior of *** chromatography-electroantennographic detection(GC-EAD)analysis revealed that a candidate semiochemical from extract triggered significant electrophysiological response of antennae of *** performing gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS)measurement,GC-EAD active compound was identified as n-octyl acrylate,a candidate sex pheromone component in female *** electroantennogram(EAG)tests,antennae of male wasps showed significantly higher electrophysiological responses to n-octyl acrylate than those of females.Y-tube olfactometer assays indicated that male wasps significantly chose n-octyl acrylate compared with the ***,male wasps showed a remarkable preference for n-octyl acrylate in a simulated field condition behavioral trial;simultaneously,n-octyl acrylate standard could also trigger significant courtship behavior in *** propose that n-octyl acrylate,as a candidate vital sex pheromone component,could be utilized to design behavioral regulators of *** to implement the protection and utilization of natural enemies.

关键词： behavioral assay courtship behavior GC-EAD analysis Microplitis mediator sex pheromone

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The storage and utilization of carbohydrates in response to elevation mediated by tree organs in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 52-61页

作者： Bin Xu Xueli Jiang Yingying Zong G.Geoff Wang Fusheng Chen Zhenyu Zhao Xiangmin Fang Key Laboratory of national Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China Jiulianshan national Observation and Research Station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSC29634USA

Global climate change can affect tree growth and carbon sink function by influencing plant carbohydrate synthesis and utilization,while elevation can be used as an ideal setting under natural conditions to simulate climate change *** effect of elevation on tree growth may depend on organ ***,the allocation patterns of nonstructural and structural carbohydrates(NSCs and SCs,respectively)in different tree organs and their response to elevation remain *** selected four dominant tree species,Schima superba,Castanopsis eyrei,Castanopsis fargesii and Michelia maudiae,along an elevation gradient from 609 to 1,207 m in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests and analyzed leaf,trunk,and fine root NSCs,carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)concentrations and the relative abundance of *** NSCs increased initially and then decreased,and trunk NSCs increased with increasing ***,root NSCs decreased with increasing *** relative abundance of SCs in leaves and trunks decreased,while the relative abundance of root SCs increased with increasing *** significant correlations between SCs and NSCs in leaves were detected,while there were negative correlations between SCs and NSCs in trunks,roots,and all *** partitioning analysis indicated that plant C/N and C/P were the main predictors of changes in SCs and *** results suggest that tree organs have divergent responses to elevation and that increasing elevation will inhibit the aboveground part growth and enhance the root growth of trees.A tradeoff between the C distribution used for growth and storage was confirmed along the elevation gradient,which is mainly manifested in the"sink"organs of *** results provide insight into tree growth in the context of global climate change scenarios in subtropical forest ecosystems.

关键词： Nonstructural carbohydrates Structural carbohydrates Elevation Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests Tree organs

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