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Insights into the provenance implication of leaf wax n-alkanes along the lower Yellow River

Science China earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 2001-2018页

作者： Liang ZHANG Jinzhao LIU Chong JIANG Fei ZHANG Zhisheng AN School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China State Key Laboratory of loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China national observation and research station of earth critical zone on the loess plateau of shaanxi Xi’an 710061China

Serving as one of the largest rivers in terms of both sediment and organic carbon transport fluxes in the world,the Yellow River plays a crucial role in regional biogeochemical process as well as in the global carbon cycle.However,although a large number of studies have been carried out on the flux,composition,source and seasonal variation of total particulate organic carbon in the Yellow River so far,studies on molecular biomarkers at different spatial and temporal scales are still scarce.In this study,we focus on the molecular and hydrogen isotopic properties of leaf wax n-alkanes among different types of samples which obtained from different seasons(flood vs.non-flood)along the lower Yellow River.The molecular distribution of n-alkanes show that the riparian topsoils are subject to inputs from the overlying vegetation,while the suspended sediments from the flood season are characterized by the mixing of soil materials which originate from various stratigraphy with different ages on the Chinese loess plateau.Due to the contrasting hydrodynamic conditions,the n-alkanes in suspended sediments also show distinct molecular composition between flood and non-flood seasons.Additionally,considering the effect of climatic factors,the proportion of monocots in flood-season suspended sediments is calculated from a semi-quantitative perspective using δ^(2)H_(wax).Our findings may bring to light new considerations for the interpretation of leaf wax proxies in studies of organic matter sources of Yellow River.

关键词： Molecular distribution Hydrogen isotopic composition Leaf wax n-alkanes Suspended sediments Lower Yellow River

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Optimizing field management to promote the ecologicalization of agriculture in loess hilly-gully region,China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2023年第5期33卷 1055-1074页

作者： HUANG Yunxin LI Yurui LIU Yansui Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research CASBeijing100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408China national observation and research station of earth critical zone on the loess plateau in shaanxi Xi’an710061China

Scientific field management is an important path to realize ecological production and sustainable development of agriculture.As the main content of field management,nitrogen(N)management is the key to balance the economic and ecological benefits of agricultural production.In the loess hilly-gully region,for the fragile ecological and social system,ecologicalization of agricultural production is an important direction to promote sustainable agricultural development.However,irrational fertilization has been one of the main constraint factors,hindering the ecologicalization of local agriculture.In order to solve the problem and prove the practical significance of field management to ecologicalization of agriculture,this study aimed at evaluating the effects of different N fertilization rates and timing using Root zone Water Quality Model(RZWQM)and then optimizing the N management.Experiments were conducted from 2018 to 2019 in Yangjuangou watershed,loess hilly-gully region,to calibrate and validate the model.The root mean square error(RMSE)of soil water content,nitrate N concentration,above-ground biomass,leaf area index ranged from 10.5-13.5 mm,2.96-3.80 mg·kg^(−1),730.3-1273.9 kg·ha^(−1)and 0.26-0.38,respectively,with the agreement index(d)between observed and simulated values ranging between 0.88 to 0.98.Simulation results showed that N leaching in semi-arid areas was also quite high due to concentrated rainfall and loose soil,which had previously been neglected.When the fertilization rate decreased by 35%(applying the chemical fertilizer at rate of 245.7 kg N ha^(−1))of typical fertilization(applying the chemical fertilizer at rate of 378.0 kg N ha^(−1)),the leaching and residual N decreased by 72.2%-75.4%and 35.6%-50.9%,respectively,while NUE increased by 41.5%-45.2%with no reduction in maize yield.Additionally,compared with applying additional N at seedling stage in one batch,applying at seedling and jointing stages in two batches further decreased N leaching and improved NUE.Thus,a 35%reduction of typical fer

关键词： field management nitrogen fertilization ecologicalization of agriculture gully agriculture loess hilly-gully region

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Compounding soils to improve cropland quality:A study based on field experiments and model simulations in the loess hilly-gully region,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第10期19卷 2776-2790页

作者： HUANG Yun-xin LIU Zheng-jia LIU Yan-sui LI Yu-rui LIU Xue-qi Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China national observation and research station of earth critical zone on the loess plateau in shaanxi Xi'an 710061China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Increasing the quantity and improving the quality of cropland can alleviate the human-land contradiction and promote the sustainable development of agriculture especially in mountainous areas.With the support of the central government’s policies,Yan’an,Northern shaanxi,China implemented a major land consolidation engineering project in the loess hilly-gully region from 2013 to 2018,achieving 33,333.3 ha of new cropland.However,the poor quality of some newly-constructed cropland at the initial stage hindered its efficient utilization.In order to overcome this problem,red clay and Malan loess were compounded in different volume ratios to explore the method to improve the cropland quality.The Root zone Water Quality Model was used to simulate the effects of different soil treatments on soil water,nitrogen and maize growth.Experimental data were collected from 2018 to 2019 to calibrate and validate the model.The root mean square error(RMSE)of soil water content,nitrate nitrogen concentration,above-ground biomass,leaf area index were in the range of 11.72-14.06 mm,4.06-11.73 mg kg^(-1),835.21-1151.28 kg ha^(-1)and 0.24-0.47,respectively,while the agreement index(d)between measured and simulated values ranged from 0.70 to 0.96.It was showed that,compared with land constructed with Malan loess only(T1),the soil structure and hydraulic characteristics of land with a volume ratio of red clay and Malan loess of 2:1(T3)was better.Simulation indicated that,compared with T1,the soil water content and available water content of T3 increased by 14.4%and 19.0%,respectively,while N leaching decreased by 16.9%.The aboveground biomass and maize yield of T3 were 7.9%and 6.7%higher than that of T1,respectively.Furthermore,the water productivity and nitrogen use efficiency of T3 increased by 21.0%and 16.6%compared with that of T1.These results indicated that compounding red clay and Malan loess in an appropriate ratio was an effective method to improve soil quality.This study provides a technical idea and specific technical parameters

关键词： Soil reconstruction Soil quality Land consolidation engineering High-quality cropland loess hilly-gully region Root Water Quality Model

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Soil erosion differences in paired grassland and forestland catchments on the Chinese loess plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第5期20卷 1336-1348页

作者： YANG Si-qi LUO Da HAN Hao JIN Zhao Interdisciplinary research Center of earth Science Frontier State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China national observation and research station of earth critical zone on the loess plateau of shaanxi Xi’an 710061China

In this study,two adjacent gauged catchments on the Chinese loess plateau were selected,in which one catchment was afforested and one was restored with natural vegetation in 1954.The distributions of soil erosion rates were estimated between 2010 and 2020 with a high spatial resolution of 2 m in the paired catchments based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model(RUSLE)and Geographic Information Systems(GIS).The results showed that the simulated soil erosion rates in 2010-2020 averaged 12.58 and 8.56 t ha^(-1)a^(-1)for the grassland and forestland catchment,respectively.Moreover,areas with high soil erosion rates(>80t ha^(-1)a^(-1))were mainly distributed in the topography with steep slope gradients(>45°).Comparisons between simulated soil erosion rates and observed annual sediment loads indicated that the simulation results of the grassland catchment were lower than the observed values,while it was reversed in the forestland catchment.We conclude that the RUSLE model cannot simulate the gravity erosion induced by extreme rainfall events.For the forestland catchment,insufficient streamflow and dense vegetation coverage are crucial factors resulting in hindering the movement of sediments.

关键词： Catchment comparison Soil erosion RUSLE model Vegetation effect Topography effect Spatial analysis

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Effects of land use patterns on slope soil water in the semiarid loess plateau,China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第4期32卷 701-716页

作者： JIAO Lei YANG Wenhui JIA Tian MAIERDANG Keyimu CHEN Weiliang GAO Guangyao WANG Shuai LIU Jianbo WANG Cong School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China national observation and research station of earth critical zone on the loess plateau in shaanxi Beijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Tianjin Normal UniversityXi'an 710061China

Land use patterns(LUPs)are the form in which various land use types are combined spatially,evidently impacting soil water.However,the influence mechanism by which LUPs form remains unclear.In this study,the soil water content(SWC)in the 0–160-cm soil depth was observed in shrubland(SL),mature forestland(MF),grassland(GL)and young forestland(YF)sites on four slopes with different LUPs in the Yangjuangou catchment of the Chinese loess plateau.The SWC in SL-YF-SL(13.28%)was significantly greater than that in YF-MF(9.93%),MF-GL-YF(10.38%)and SL-MF(10.83%)and was temporally stable during the study period.The spatial distribution of SWC along the slope differed among the four LUPs.Vegetation characteristics and soil texture mainly determined the spatial variations in SWC in the shallow soil layers(0–40 cm),while topographic factors were the determinants in the deep soil layers(60–160 cm)as well as in the entire soil profile(0–160 cm).The significance of SWC differences among the various land use patterns increased with decreasing precipitation during the growing seasons.YF-MF(77.8 mm)and SL-YF-GL(73.9 mm)required more rainwater than SL-MF(68.2 mm)and MF-GL-MF(67.5 mm)to compensate for the loss of soil water on the monthly scale during the rainy season.Therefore,vegetation restoration should consider land use patterns on hillslopes for soil water conservation.

关键词： land use patterns land management soil water resource vegetation restoration hillslope

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Unimodal productivity-biodiversity relationship along the gradient of multidimensional resources across Chinese grasslands

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national Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 90-103页

作者： Yanfen Wang Jianqing Du Zhe Pang Yali Liu Kai Xue Yann Hautier Biao Zhang Li Tang Lili Jiang Baoming Ji Xingliang Xu Jing Zhang Ronghai Hu Shutong Zhou Fang Wang Rongxiao Che Di Wang Chaoting Zhou Xiaoyong Cui Nico Eisenhauer Yanbin Hao Department of Medicine New York University Grossman School of Medicine Beijing Yanshan earth critical zone national research station University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity research (iDiv) Institute of Biology Leipzig University College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau earth System Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Yanshan earth critical zone national research station University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry University Ecology and Biodiversity Group Department of BiologyUtrecht University Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Yunnan University Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Resources can affect plant productivity and biodiversity simultaneously and thus are key drivers of their relationships in addition to plant-plant interactions.However,most previous studies only focused on a single resource while negle cting the nature of resource multidimensionality.Here we integrated four essential resources for plant growth into a single metric of resource diversity(RD) to investigate its effects on the productivity-biodiversity relationship(PBR) across Chinese grasslands.Results showed that habitats differing in RD have different PBRs—positive in low-resource habitats,but neutral in medium-and high-resource ones—while collectively,a weak positive PBR was observe d.However,when excluding direct effects of RD on productivity and biodiversity,the PBR in high-resource habitats became negative,which leads to a unimodal instead of a positive PBR along the RD gradient.By integrating resource effects and changing plant-plant interactions into a unified framework with the RD gradient,our work contributes to uncovering underlying me chanisms for inconsistent PBRs at large scales.

关键词： productivity–biodiversity relationship resource diversity plant strategies grassland

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Effects of terracing on soil properties in three key mountainous regions of China

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第3期2卷 195-206页

作者： Die Chen Wei Wei Liding Chen State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China national observation and research station of earth critical zone and Terrestrial Surface Flux on the loess plateau Beijing 100085China

Terracing greatly affects soil properties,ecosystem services,human welfare and geographical sustainability.The purpose of this article is to determine the influence of terracing on soil properties across diverse regions in China.Three representative terrace types,including dryland loess terraces,dry-stone terraces,and paddy terraces,were selected as case study areas.Soil sampling was stratified according to thickness of soil layers in each terraced area.Based on field investigations and soil sampling,combined with the means of variance,correlation,redundancy and regression analysis,we analyzed the characteristics of soil properties in the terraces across three areas.Results showed that:(1)alterations of soil physicochemical properties mainly depend on differences between soil parent materials in such regions;(2)Due to the existence of“four-element isomorphism”in the ecosystem and reasonable human activities,paddy terraces had the greatest impact on soil properties which is mainly reflected in decreasing soil pH and increasing SOC,TN,and TK;(3)The content of SOC and TN in different areas was higher in terraced fields than in the sloped lands and decreased with soil deepening;(4)To maintain sufficient supply of soil nutrients and support the sustainability of agricultural terraces,it is necessary to apply manure to improve soil fertility and accelerate its aggregation in the terraces.For example,an increase in the application of nitrogen fertilizer in terraced fields in Hebei and Gansu provinces,which have a serious deficiency in soil available phosphorus(AP),is necessary to get greater amounts of P fertilization.The present study offers a theoretical foundation for the sustainability of terraced ecosystems through efficient crop production,which is the basis for strengthening the ecological security of terraced areas and promoting regional sustainability in those fragile mountains.

关键词： Terrace Soil properties Land management Soil depth Sustainability

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20世纪后期气候加速变暖促进了北半球树木径向生长

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第1期16卷 61-75页

作者： Jie Liu Zong-Shan Li Maierdang Keyimu Xiaochun Wang Haibin Liang Xiaoming Feng Guangyao Gao Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China national observation and research station of earth critical zone on the loess plateau in shaanxi Xi’an 710061China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Center for Ecological research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 15040China Institute of Geographical Science Taiyuan Normal UniversityJinzhong 030619China

20世纪后期全球加速变暖导致北半球森林衰退事件频发,并增加了树木生长-气候关系的复杂性。然而,关于气候加速变暖前后北半球不同地区树木生长对气候因子响应的异质性研究仍较为缺乏。本研究利用北半球3大洲9个地区共计229条温度敏感型... 详细信息

20世纪后期全球加速变暖导致北半球森林衰退事件频发,并增加了树木生长-气候关系的复杂性。然而,关于气候加速变暖前后北半球不同地区树木生长对气候因子响应的异质性研究仍较为缺乏。本研究利用北半球3大洲9个地区共计229条温度敏感型树轮宽度年表分析了气候加速变暖前后不同地区树木生长趋势和气候响应的异质性表现。结果表明:(i)1977–2000年期间,气候加速变暖显著促进了北半球不同地区树木的径向生长,但在1950–2000年期间,不同地区的树木径向生长表现出异质性特征。(ii)1976年后,除北美中部和欧洲北部,北半球树木生长和温度的相关性均显著增加,亚洲地区最为明显。(iii)在1977–2000年期间,9个地区的树木年轮指数与温度均出现了短暂的分离(2–5年)。在1950–2000年期间,各地区树木生长能够更好地追踪到北半球平均温度的变化趋势而不是区域温度。

关键词：气候变暖北半球树轮树木生长-气候关系分离效应

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青藏高原植被结构变化反映环境变迁

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Science Bulletin 2023年第17期68卷 1928-1937页

作者：王艳芬薛凯胡容海丁柏阳曾弘李瑞津徐斌庞哲宋小宁李聪佳杜剑卿杨秀春张泽林郝彦宾崔骁勇郭柯高清竹张扬建朱军涛孙建李耀明姜丽丽周华坤罗彩云张振华高庆波陈世龙纪宝明徐兴良陈槐李奇赵亮徐世晓刘雅莉胡林勇武建双杨其恩董世魁贺金生赵新全汪诗平朴世龙于贵瑞傅伯杰 College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Yanshan earth critical zone national research station University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau earth System Environment and ResourcesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001China Binzhou Institute of Technology Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology ParkBinzhou 256606China College of Mining Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment&Climate Change Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Zoige Peatland and Global Change research station Chinese Academy of SciencesHongyuan 62

草地植被结构对于其生产和生态功能至关重要,但大尺度信息严重匮乏.本研究结合多源遥感数据和深度学习,在区域尺度上厘清了青藏高原高寒草地基于群系的植物群落结构空间格局,并比较了其历史变化.过去40年,高寒草甸在高寒草地中的比例从... 详细信息

草地植被结构对于其生产和生态功能至关重要,但大尺度信息严重匮乏.本研究结合多源遥感数据和深度学习,在区域尺度上厘清了青藏高原高寒草地基于群系的植物群落结构空间格局,并比较了其历史变化.过去40年,高寒草甸在高寒草地中的比例从50%上升到69%,反映了变暖变湿的环境变化.此外,高寒草甸和高寒草原中高山嵩草草甸和紫花针茅草原的优势度分别增强到76%和92%.其中,气候因子驱动了紫花针茅草原近些年的分布;高山嵩草草甸近些年的分布则并非完全由气候驱动,人类活动可能起重要作用.本研究首次探索了区域尺度植被结构特征与历史变化,为认识青藏高原草地变化的驱动力及其空间异质性提供了新视角.

关键词：高寒草地植被结构草地植被多源遥感数据深度学习植物群落结构区域尺度高寒草原

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青藏高原植被结构变化反映环境变迁（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2023年第17期 1928-1937页

作者：王艳芬薛凯胡容海丁柏阳曾弘李瑞津徐斌庞哲宋小宁李聪佳杜剑卿杨秀春张泽林郝彦宾崔骁勇郭柯高清竹张扬建朱军涛孙建李耀明姜丽丽周华坤罗彩云张振华高庆波陈世龙纪宝明徐兴良陈槐李奇赵亮徐世晓刘雅莉胡林勇武建双杨其恩董世魁贺金生赵新全汪诗平朴世龙于贵瑞傅伯杰 School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment & Climate Change Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Zoige Peatland and Global Change research station Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geography Geography and Geology Faculty Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Ia?i Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education Peking University College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University Sino-French Institute for earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Yanshan earth critical zone national research station University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Tibetan plateau earth System Environment and Resources Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai University Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau

草地植被结构对于其生产和生态功能至关重要,但大尺度信息严重匮乏.本研究结合多源遥感数据和深度学习,在区域尺度上厘清了青藏高原高寒草地基于群系的植物群落结构空间格局,并比较了其历史变化.过去40年,高寒草甸在高寒草地中的比例从...

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