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Mechanism for the promotional formation of NH_(4)^(+) by SO_(2) on different mineral dust surfaces

Particuology 2023年第4期75卷 109-118页

作者： Hao Li Qingxin Ma Biwu Chu Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Ammonium is an important atmospheric particulate component that dictates many environmental *** promotion of the heterogeneous conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+) by SO_(2) on different mineral dust surfaces displays remarkable discrepancies,especially on MgO and α-Fe2O3 surfaces,however,the underlying mechanisms are not well ***,using periodic density functional theory(DFT)calculation and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics(BOMD)simulation,we explored the hetero-geneous adsorption of NH_(3) on MgO(110)and α--Fe2O3(001)surfaces in the presence and absence of SO_(2).The results show that on MgO(110)surface,hydrogen-bonding interactions of NH_(3) on both adsorbed hydroxyl or bisulfite/bisulfate sites are observed no matter whether SO_(2) is present or ***,on theα-Fe2O3(001)surface,significant conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+)occurs with the coexistence of SO_(2),which is due to the hydrogen transfer reaction from surface HSO4 to N in NH_(3).The fundamental reason may be that the stronger electron affinity of Fe3+than Mg2+results in adsorbed bisulfate and/or bisulfite with greater acidity on α-Fe2O3 surface than MgO *** results give a molecular-level explanation for the heterogeneous conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+)on different mineral dust surfaces under complex air pollution *** the fact that ammonium is abundant in secondary particulates,this work would help in understanding the rapid conversion of ammonia to ammonium and in developing classification governance policies for the key precursor pollutants in China.

关键词： Mineral dust Heterogeneous reaction Theoretical calculation Ammonium SO_(2)

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Investigation of shale gas microflow with the Lattice Boltzmann method

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Petroleum Science 2015年第1期12卷 96-103页

作者： Xiao-Ling Zhang Li-Zhi Xiao Long Guo Qing-Ming Xie State Key Laboratory of Petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Exploration Ministry of Land and Resources Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources

In contrast to conventional gas-bearing rocks, gas shale has extremely low permeability due to its nano- scale pore networks. Organic matter which is dispersed in the shale matrix makes gas flow characteristics more complex. The traditional Darcy＇s law is unable to estimate matrix permeability due to the particular flow mechanisms of shale gas. Transport mechanisms and influence factors are studied to describe gas transport in extremely tight shale. Then Lattice Boltzmann simulation is used to establish a way to estimate the matrix permeability numerically. The results show that net desorption, diffu- sion, and slip flow are very sensitive to the pore scale. Pore pressure also plays an important role in mass fluxes of gas. Temperature variations only cause small changes in mass fluxes. The Lattice Boltzmann method can be used to study the flow field in the micropore spaces and then provides numerical solutions even in complex pore structure models. Understanding the transport characteristics and establishing a way to estimate potential gas flow is very important to guide shale gas t＇eserve estimation and recovery schemes.

关键词： Shale gas Permeability Adsorption Desorption Diffusion Slip effect

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Recent advances in functional utilisation of environmentally friendly and recyclable high-performance green biocomposites: A review

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 73-85页

作者： Guiyang Zheng Xuelian Kang Haoran Ye Wei Fan Christian Sonne Su Shiung Lam Rock Keey Liew Changlei Xia Yang Shi Shengbo Ge Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest resources College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of Textile Science and Engineering&Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of Ministry of Education Xi'an Polytechnic UniversityXi'an 710048China Department of Bioscience Arctic Research Centre(ARC)Aarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvej 399PO Box 358DK-4000 RoskildeDenmark Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand 248007India Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Center for Transdisciplinary Research Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennai 600072India NV Western PLT Georgetown 10400PenangMalaysia Aerospace Kaitian environmental Technology Co. Ltd.Changsha 410000China Hunan Hongsen Novel Material Technology Co. Ltd.Yiyang 413407China

Humans have relied on biomass for survival and development since the Stone Age. All aspects of human needs for materials are covered by tools, fuel, and buildings. Nowadays, metals and petroleum-based materials are widely used in highly developed industries. Unfortunately, environmental contamination and the loss of natural resources have led to the reemergence of biomass resources as efficient and sustainable energy sources. Notably, simple and direct applications can no longer meet the demand for functionalization, high performance of materials and construction materials. Therefore, it is imperative to modify biomass and combine its utilisation to produce functionalization and high performance materials. For example, construction materials with superior mechanical properties and water resistance can be produced by reinforcing fibres to facilitate crosslinking. Water-oil separation or adsorption effects of hydrogels and aerogels are determined by the porosity and lightness of biomass, biocomposite conductor is prepared by chimaeric conductive material. Here, we review the approaches that have been taken to devise an environmentally friendly yet fully recyclable and sustainable functionalised biocomposites from biomass and its potential directions for future research.

关键词： Biocomposite Renewable Sustainability Advanced functional material Pollution mitigation

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Regulations and patterns of soil moisture dynamics and their controlling factors in hilly regions of lower reaches of Yangtze River basin,China

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第12期22卷 4764-4777页

作者：余蔚青王玉杰胡海波王云琦张会兰王彬刘勇 School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education (Beijing Forestry University) Integrate Planning and Design institute China Aviation Planning and Design Institute (Group) Co.Ltd. College of Forest resources & environment Nanjing Forestry University

Time-domain reflectometry was used to make continuous measurements of soil moisture to 18 sample points with depth of 2 m for 36 months in a typical artificial secondary oak forest located in a hilly area on Zijin Mountain in the suburbs of Nanjing,*** data were then used to examine the patterns of soil moisture variations on temporal and spatial scales and predict the relationships between soil moisture and major factors of both meteorology and *** in the topsoil was active,and the upper 30 cm of soil supplied about 43% of the water content variation during the whole *** difference of water content changes among layers could be due to the distribution conditions of some soil physical *** initial soil moisture was in the range from 10% to 40%,the impact of a single storm event on soil moisture was extremely significant,especially on sunny *** climate and slope condition were related to soil moisture change,and the impact of slope gradient on soil moisture was higher that on shady ***,root uptake was another important path of soil water consumption.

关键词： soil moisture precipitation slope gradient root distribution soil water consumption

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In situ stabilization remediation of cadmium contaminated soils of wastewater irrigation region using sepiolite

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第10期24卷 1799-1805页

作者： Yuebing Sun Guohong Sun Yingming Xu Lin Wang Dasong Lin Xuefeng Liang Xin Shi Key Laboratory of Original environmental Quality Safety Ministry of AgricultureTianjin 300191China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Asro-environment and Agro-product Safety Institute of Agro-Environmental ProtectionMinistry of Agriculture7ianjin 300191China Department of Basic Science lianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300384China College of environment and resources Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

The effects of immobilization remediation of Cd-contaminated soils using sepiolite on soil pH, enzyme activities and microbial communities, TCLP-Cd （toxicity characteristic leaching procedure-Cd） concentration, and spinach （Spinacia oleracea） growth and Cd uptake and accumulation were investigated. Results showed that the addition of sepiolite could increase soil pH, while the TCLP-Cd concentration in soil was decreased with increasing sepiolite. The changes of soil enzyme activities and bacteria number indicated that a certain metabolic recovery occurred after the sepiolite treatments, and spinach shoot biomass increased by 58.5%-65.5% in comparison with the control group when the concentration of sepiolite was ~ 10 g/kg. However, the Cd concentrations in the shoots and roots of spinach decreased with an increase in the rate of sepiolite, experiencing 38.4%-59.1% and 12.6%--43.6% reduction, respectively, in contrast to the control. The results indicated that sepiolite has the potential for success on a field scale in reducing Cd entry into the food chain.

关键词： Cd-contaminated soil immobilization remediation sepiolite soil quality

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Organization-based agent-oriented programming： model, mechanisms, and language

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2014年第1期8卷 33-51页

作者： Cuiyun HU Xinjun MAO Mengjun LI Zhi ZHU Information Science and Technology institute Zhengzhou 450000 China College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China State Key Laboratory of Software Development environment Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

An increasing number of social computational systems consist of a great amount of autonomous entities and operate in highly dynamic and unpredictable environments. To construct such systems needs to seek high-level abstrac- tion to manage the complexity of the systems and novel mechanism to support their characteristics, i.e., dynamism and flexibility. Agent-oriented programming （AOP） is con- sidered as a potential paradigm for developing such systems by exhibiting a number of characteristics, such as autonomy, flexibility, social ability, etc. However, current researches on AOP mainly focus on the construction of multi-agent system （MAS） with theory and language facilities inspired from arti- ficial intelligence （AI） and distributed AI, seldom considering and integrating the proven principles and practices of pro- gramming and software engineering. Moreover, abstractions and mechanism based on AI are inadequate for developing dynamic and flexible MAS in open environment. This paper proposes a novel AOP approach, namely Oragent, for con- structing and implementing dynamic and flexible systems. From a software engineering perspective, Oragent integrates organizational concepts and mechanism into AOP language, and support the dynamism and flexibility with explicit prim- itives. The proposed approach consists of a programming model and a corresponding programming language. This paper presents the syntax and formal operational semanticsof Oragent language, and studies a case to demonstrate our approach.

关键词： agent agent-oriented programming organiza-tion-based programming role enactment role-based interac-tions organization abstraction

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Numerical simulation of a high-speed landslidein Chenjiaba, Beichuan, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第11期14卷 2137-2149页

作者： HUANG Tao DING Ming-tao SHE Tao TIAN Shu-jun YANG Jiang-tao School of environment and resources Southwest University of Science and Technology Faculty of Geosciences and environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University institute of Exploration Technology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Southwest University of Science and Technology

High-speed landslide is a catastrophic geological disaster in the mountainous area of southwest China. To predict the movement process of landslide reactivation in Chenjiaba town, Beichuan county, Sichuan province, China, we simulated the movement process of two landslide failures in Chenjiaba via rapid mass movement simulation and unmanned aerial vehicle images(UAV), and obtained the movement characteristic parameters of the landslides. According to a back analysis, the most remarkable fitting rheological parameters were friction coefficient(μ=0.18) and turbulence(). The parameter of landslide pressure was applied as the zoning index of landslide hazard to obtain the influence zone and hazard zoning map of the Chenjiaba landslide. Results show that the Duba River was blocked quickly with a landslide accumulation at the maximum height of 44.14 mwhen the Chenjiaba deposits lost stability. The hazard zoning map indicated that the landslide hazard degree is positively correlated with the *** landslide assessment is a quantitative hazard assessment method based on a landslide movement process and is suitable for high-speed landslide. Such method can provide a scientific basis for urban construction and planning in the landslide hazard area to avoid hazards effectively.

关键词： Mass movement simulation High speedlandslide Numerical simulation Hazard assessment Chenjiaba landslide Landslide pressure

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Isolation and characterization of YNTC-1,a novel Alicyclobacillus sendaiensis strain

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Journal of Central South University of Technology 2008年第4期15卷 508-514页

作者：丁建南何环张成桂于一尊邱冠周 School of resources Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Biological resources institute Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330029China institute of Subtropical Agriculture the Chinese Academy of Sciences

A heterotrophic acidothermophilic bacterial strain,YNTC-1,was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Tengchong,Yunan,***-1 grows at pH value of 1.5-8.0 and temperature of 40-70℃,with optimal pH and temperature at 3.0 and 55℃,*** cells of the strain are in shape of short rod,with 1.0-1.2μm in length and 0.7-0.8μm in diameter,and with distinct spores at both poles of each *** predominant fatty acids in cellular membrane of the strain are C18:1ω7c.16s rRNA gene analysis reveals that this strain is closely related to Alicyclobacillus sendaiensis,with over 99%sequence *** on phenotypic and genotypic analyses,YNTC-1 is identified as a member of *** some important morphological and biochemical differences between strain YNTC-1 and *** ATCC 27009T,YNTC-1 may be proposed to be a novel subspecies of ***,this viewpoint has to be confirmed by further ***-bioleaching of pyrite and chalcopyrite with strain YN22,Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans,shows that strain YNTC-1 has no evident influence on bioleaching rates of these two sulphide minerals.

关键词： bioleaching sulphide minerals isolation strain YNTC-1 Alicyclobacillus sendaiensis Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidarts

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Spatial Variability of Soil Organic Carbon in a Watershed on the Loess Plateau

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Pedosphere 2009年第4期19卷 486-495页

作者： WANG Yun-Qiang ZHANG Xing-Chang ZHANG Jing-Li LI Shun-Ji State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry-land Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Yangling 712100 (China) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China) College of resources and environment Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 (China)

Soil organic carbon (SOC) has great impacts on global warming, land degradation and food security. Classic statistical and geostatistical methods were used to characterize and compare the spatial heterogeneity of SOC and related factors, such as topography, soil type and land use, in the Liudaogou watershed on the Loess Plateau of North China. SOC concentrations followed a log-normal distribution with an arithmetic and geometric means of 23.4 and 21.3 g kg-1, respectively, were moderately variable (CV = 75.9%), and demonstrated a moderate spatial dependence according to the nugget ratio (34.7%). The experimental variogram of SOC was best-fitted by a spherical model, after the spatial outliers had been detected and subsequently eliminated. Lower SOC concentrations were associated with higher elevations. Warp soils and farmland had the highest SOC concentrations, while aeolian sand soil and shrublands had the lowest SOC values. The geostatistical characteristics of SOC for the different soil and land use types were different. These patterns were closely related to the spatial structure of topography, and soil and land use types.

关键词： geostatistics land use soil type spatial pattern topography

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Evaluation of self-healing ability of Ce-V conversion coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2016年第3期4卷 230-241页

作者： Xiao Jiang Ruiguang Guo Shuqin Jiang Key Lab of Northwest Water resources Environment and EcologyMinistry of EducationXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

This study investigated the influence of cerium nitrate in vanadate solutions on the properties of Ce–V conversion coatings on AZ31 magnesium alloys,and evaluated the self-healing behavior of the Ce–V conversion coating for AZ31 magnesium *** results showed that the additions of cerium nitrate prevented pentavalent vanadium from reducing to tetravalent vanadium in the coatings during conversion reaction *** appropriate cerium nitrate to vanadate solution led to a thicker coating with a more compact CeVO_(4) *** corrosion behavior of the Ce–V conversion coating was investigated by the electrochemical tests and the scratch immersion test in 3.5 wt.%NaCl *** self-healing ability of the coating was confirmed from all *** surface analysis revealed that the self-healing effect of the Ce–V conversion coating was only provided by the release and migration of vanadium compounds.

关键词： AZ31 magnesium alloy Vanadium Cerium Self-healing Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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