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Transcranial direct current stimulation efficacy in trigeminal neuralgia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第5期12卷 1036-1038页

作者： Theodoros Fasilis Stylianos Gatzonis Panayiotis Patrikelis Stefanos Korfias Athanasia Alexoudi 1^(st) Department of neurosurgery National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 10676Greece Department of Neurology Neurological Institute of AthensAthens 10676Greece

Trigeminal neuralgia is a severe,disabling pain and its deafferentation remains a challenge for health *** direct current stimulation is a non-invasive stimulation technique which finds new utility in managing ***-fore,the introduction of alternative,non-invasive,safe,and effective methods should be considered in treating patients with trigeminal neuralgia unresponsive to conventional treatment.

关键词： Trigeminal neuralgia Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia Neuromodulation Transcranial direct current stimulation

Growth hormone promotes the reconstruction of injured axons in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2249-2258页

作者： Kai Li Zhanpeng Feng Zhiwei Xiong Jun Pan Mingfeng Zhou Weizhao Li Yichao Ou Guangsen Wu Mengjie Che Haodong Gong Junjie Peng Xingqin Wang Songtao Qi Junxiang Peng Department of neurosurgery Institute of Brain DiseasesNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Previous studies have shown that growth hormone can regulate hypothalamic energy metabolism, stress, and hormone release. Therefore, growth hormone has great potential for treating hypothalamic injury. In this study, we established a specific hypothalamic axon injury model by inducing hypothalamic pituitary stalk electric lesions in male mice. We then treated mice by intraperitoneal administration of growth hormone. Our results showed that growth hormone increased the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 and its receptors, and promoted the survival of hypothalamic neurons, axonal regeneration, and vascular reconstruction from the median eminence through the posterior pituitary. Altogether, this alleviated hypothalamic injury-caused central diabetes insipidus and anxiety. These results suggest that growth hormone can promote axonal reconstruction after hypothalamic injury by regulating the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis.

关键词： arginine vasopressin growth hormone hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system hypothalamus injury insulin-like growth factor 1 oxytocin regeneration

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Crosstalk between glioblastoma and tumor microenvironment drives proneural–mesenchymal transition through ligand-receptor interactions

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 874-889页

作者： Yancheng Lai Xiaole Lu Yankai Liao Pei Ouyang Hai Wang Xian Zhang Guanglong Huang Songtao Qi Yaomin Li Department of neurosurgery Institute of Brain DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Laboratory for Precision neurosurgery Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China

Glioblastoma(GBM)is the most common intrinsic and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults,with a median survival of approximately 15 *** heterogeneity is considered responsible for the treatment resistance and unfavorable ***-mesenchymal transition(PMT)represents GBM malignant progression and recurrence,which might be a breakthrough to understand GBM heterogeneity and overcome treatment *** is a complicated process influenced by crosstalk between GBM and tumor microenvironment,depending on intricate ligand-receptor *** this review,we summarize the autocrine and paracrine pathways in the GBM microenvironment and related ligand-receptor interactions inducing *** also discuss the current therapies targeting the PMT-related autocrine and paracrine ***,this review offers a comprehensive understanding of the failure of GBM-targeted therapy and ideas for future tendencies of GBM treatment.

关键词： Autocrine Glioblastoma Ligand-receptor interaction Microenvironment Paracrine Proneural-mesenchymal transition

EZH2 is a prognostic factor associated with tumor stemness and immune infiltration in skull base chordoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 85-87页

作者： Qian Liu Mingxuan Li Yujia Xiong Yutao Shen Tianshun Ma Tianhao Zhang Xiaohong R.Yang Yazhuo Zhang Jiwei Bai Beijing Neurosurgical institute Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Department of neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer InstituteNIHDHHSBethesdaMD 20892USA

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2),an epigenetic regulator that inhibits transcription primarily through trimethylation of Lys-27 in histone 3(H3K27me3),has been reported to play an important role in the regulation of cell cycle,autophagy,and apoptosis,and DNA damage repair.1 EZH2 is highly expressed in a variety of cancers including prostate cancer,breast cancer,and renal clear cell carcinoma,and is associated with adverse prognosis.1 Moreover,it has been reported that EZH2 might increase tumor stemness and metastasis capacity and inhibit antitumor immunity by affecting T cells,NK cells,macrophages,and immune checkpoints.2,3 However,the prognostic value and the mechanism of EZH2 have not been investigated in *** this study,RNA sequencing and whole genome sequencing data based on 48 skull base chordomas as well as immunohistochemistry of paraffin sections were analyzed to elucidate the role of EZH2 in skull base *** found copy number gain mediated high EZH2 expression is associated with tumor stemness,M2 macrophage infiltration,and adverse prognosis in ***,we demonstrated that EZH2 promotes the proliferation,migration,and invasion of chordoma cells in in vitro cell experiments.

关键词： EZH2 immunity invasion

A review on edge analytics:Issues,challenges,opportunities,promises,future directions,and applications

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 783-804页

作者： Sabuzima Nayak Ripon Patgiri Lilapati Waikhom Arif Ahmed national institute of Technology Silchar India Ericsson Sweden

Edge technology aims to bring cloud resources(specifically,the computation,storage,and network)to the closed proximity of the edge devices,i.e.,smart devices where the data are produced and *** computing and application in edge devices lead to emerging of two new concepts in edge technology:edge computing and edge *** analytics uses some techniques or algorithms to analyse the data generated by the edge *** the emerging of edge analytics,the edge devices have become a complete ***,edge analytics is unable to provide full support to the analytic *** edge devices cannot execute advanced and sophisticated analytic algorithms following various constraints such as limited power supply,small memory size,limited resources,*** article aims to provide a detailed discussion on edge *** key contributions of the paper are as follows-a clear explanation to distinguish between the three concepts of edge technology:edge devices,edge computing,and edge analytics,along with their *** addition,the article discusses the implementation of edge analytics to solve many problems and applications in various areas such as retail,agriculture,industry,and ***,the research papers of the state-of-the-art edge analytics are rigorously reviewed in this article to explore the existing issues,emerging challenges,research opportunities and their directions,and applications.

关键词： Edge analytics Edge computing Edge devices Big data Sensor Artificial intelligence Machine learning Smart technology Healthcare

Aspirin interruption before neurosurgical interventions:A controversial problem

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第4期16卷 191-198页

作者： Alexander Kulikov Anton Konovalov Pier Paolo Pugnaloni Federico Bilotta Department of Anesthesiology Burdenko National Medical Research Center of NeurosurgeryMoscow 125047Russia Department of Vascular neurosurgery Burdenko National Medical Research Center of NeurosurgeryMoscow 125047Russia Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain MedicineUniversity of Rome“Sapienza”Rome 00161Italy

Aspirin is widely used for primary or secondary prevention of ischemic *** the same time,chronic aspirin consumption can affect blood clot formation during surgical intervention and increase intraoperative blood *** is especially important for high-risk surgery,including *** European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend aspirin interruption for at least 7 d before neurosurgical intervention,but this suggestion is not supported by clinical *** narrative review presents evidence that challenges the necessity for aspirin interruption in neurosurgical patients,describes options for aspirin effect monitoring and the clinical implication of these methods,and summarizes current clinical data on bleeding risk associated with chronic aspirin therapy in neurosurgical patients,including brain tumor surgery,cerebrovascular procedures,and spinal surgery.

关键词： Aspirin neurosurgery Postoperative complications Bleeding risk Brain tumor surgery Cerebrovascular surgery Spinal surgery

Mechanism of reduction-diffusion reaction in Sm-Fe binary system at low temperature using molten salts

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1889-1894页

作者： Jungryang Kim Shusuke Okada Kenta Takagi Kimihiro Ozaki Innovative Functional Materials Research institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

In this study,the mechanism of the reduction-diffusion reaction in a Sm-Fe binary system at low temperature was studied to investigate the possibility of synthesis of a Fe-rich TbCu7-type SmFex（x>9）by the low-temperature diffusion-reduction（LTRD） process using LiCl-KCl eutectic molten ***,the Sm-Fe phase transformation depending on the Sm-Fe composition,the LTRD temperature,and time was investigated,and it is found that the obtained metastable phase is only TbCu7-type SmFe～8.5,which is not a Fe-rich *** Fe content does not change even after an expended LTRD process,and the metastable TbCu7-type SmFe～8.5tends to transform to the stable *** addition,it is found that the Sm-Fe phase starts to synthesize from the Sm-rich phase in the order of SmFe2,SmFe3,and SmFe8.5as the LTRD temperature increases（when the time was 10 h） or the LTRD time increases（when the temperature was 550℃）.Core-shell-like particles are observed in the case of a short LTRD time,and the core and the shell are Fe and the Sm-rich Sm-Fe phase,respectively,indicating that the Sm-rich phase begins to produce on the surface of the Fe *** is difficult to synthesize a Fe-rich TbCu7-type SmFex（x>9） phase with the Sm-Fe binary system,suggesting that a different approach,such as addition of other elements,will be necessary.

关键词： Low-temperature synthesis Molten salts Rare earths Reduction-diffusion process Sm–Fe compounds Synthesis mechanism

Effect of distribution shape on the melting transition, local ordering,and dynamics in a model size-polydisperse two-dimensional fluid

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 419-428页

作者： Jackson Pame Lenin SShagolsem Department of Physics National Institute of Technology ManipurImphalIndia

We study the effect of particle size polydispersity(δ) on the melting transition(T*), local ordering, solid–liquid coexistence phase and dynamics of two-dimensional Lennard–Jones fluids up to moderate polydispersity by means of computer simulations. The particle sizes are drawn at random from the Gaussian(G) and uniform(U) distribution *** these systems, we further consider two different kinds of particles, viz., particles having the same mass irrespective of size, and in the other case the mass of the particle scales with its size. It is observed that with increasing polydispersity,the value of T*initially increases due to improved packing efficiency(φ) followed by a decrease and terminates at δ ≈8%(U-system) and 14%(G-system) with no significant difference for both mass types. The interesting observation is that the particular value at which φ drops suddenly coincides with the peak of the heat capacity(CP) curve, indicating a transition. The quantification of local particle ordering through the hexatic order parameter(Q_6), Voronoi construction and pair correlation function reveals that the ordering decreases with increasing δ and T. Furthermore, the solid–liquid coexistence region for the G-system is shown to be comparatively wider in the T –δ plane phase diagram than that for the U system. Finally, the study of dynamics reveals that polydisperse systems relax faster compared to monodisperse systems;however, no significant qualitative differences, depending on the distribution type and mass polydispersity, are observed.

关键词： polydispersity ordering phase diagram dynamics

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Glioma-derived ANXA1 suppresses the immune response to TLR3 ligands by promoting an anti-inflammatory tumor microenvironment

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 47-59页

作者： Yu Zheng Haihui Jiang Naixue Yang Shaoping Shen Daosheng Huang Lemei Jia Jing Ling Longchen Xu Mingxiao Li Kefu Yu Xiaohui Ren Yong Cui Xun Lan Song Lin Xin Lin institute for Immunology and School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Department of neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityChina.National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesCenter of Brain TumorBeijing Institute for Brain Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain TumorBeijing100070China Department of neurosurgery Peking University Third HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing100191China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing100084China

A highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)and the presence of the blood‒brain barrier are the two major obstacles to eliciting an effective immune response in patients with high-grade glioma(HGG).Here,we tried to enhance the local innate immune response in relapsed HGG by intracranially injecting poly(I:C)to establish a robust antitumor immune response in this registered clinical trial(NCT03392545).During the follow-up,12/27(44.4%)patients who achieved tumor control concomitant with survival benefit were regarded as responders in our *** found that the T-cell receptor(TCR)repertoire in the TME was reshaped after poly(I:C)*** on the RNA-seq analysis of tumor samples,the expression of annexin A1(ANXA1)was significantly upregulated in the tumor cells of nonresponders,which was further validated at the protein *** vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ANXA1 could induce the production of M2-like macrophages and microglia via its surface receptor formyl peptide receptor 1(FPR1)to establish a Treg cell-driven immunosuppressive TME and suppress the antitumor immune response facilitated by poly(I:C).The ANXA1/FPR1 signaling axis can inhibit the innate immune response of glioma patients by promoting an anti-inflammatory and Treg-driven ***,ANXA1 could serve as a reliable predictor of response to poly(I:C),with a notable predictive accuracy rate of 92.3%.In light of these notable findings,this study unveils a new perspective of immunotherapy for gliomas.

关键词： glioma ANXA1 TLR3 poly(I:C) immunotherapy