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A genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis reveal the genetic basis for the Southern corn rust resistance in maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 453-466页

作者： Yang Wang Chunhua Mu Xiangdong Li Canxing Duan Jianjun Wang Xin Lu Wangshu Li Zhennan Xu Shufeng Sun Ao Zhang Zhiqiang Zhou Shenghui Wen Zhuanfang Hao Jienan Han Jianzhou Qu Wanli Du Fenghai Li Jianfeng Weng College of agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences institute of Maize Research Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University institute of Maize Shanxi Agricultural University

Southern corn rust(SCR) is an airborne fungal disease caused by Puccinia polysora Underw.(P. polysora) that adversely impacts maize quality and yields worldwide. Screening for new elite SCR-resistant maize loci or genes has the potential to enhance overall resistance to this pathogen. Using phenotypic SCR resistance-related data collected over two years and three geographical environments, a genome-wide association study was carried out in this work, which eventually identified 91 loci that were substantially correlated with SCR susceptibility. These included 13 loci that were significant in at least three environments and overlapped with 74 candidate genes(B73＿RefGen＿v4). Comparative transcriptomic analyses were then performed to identify the genes related to SCR infection, with 2,586 and 797 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) ultimately being identified in the resistant Qi319and susceptible 8112 inbred lines following P. polysora infection, respectively, including 306 genes common to both lines. Subsequent integrative multi-omics investigations identified four potential candidate SCR response-related genes. One of these genes is ZmHCT9, which encodes the protein hydroxycinnamoyl transferase 9. This gene was up-regulated in susceptible inbred lines and linked to greater P. polysora resistance as confirmed through cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)-based virus induced-gene silencing(VIGS) system-mediated gene silencing. These data provide important insights into the genetic basis of the maize SCR response. They will be useful for for future research on potential genes related to SCR resistance in maize.

关键词： maize southern corn rust genome-wide association study transcriptome

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Pentaploidization allows introgression of Aegilops tauschii into tetraploid wheat

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The Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 227-232页

作者： Fan Yang Zehou Liu Hongshen Wan Sujie Yang Ning Yang Hongxia Ding Yun Jiang Junyan Feng Jie Zhang Ying Wang Xing Fan Yonghong Zhou Jun Li Wuyun Yang Crop Research institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066SichuanChina Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066SichuanChina Triticeae Research institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina College of agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Pentaploid hybrids produced from crosses between hexaploid and tetraploid wheats combine the genetic variation of both *** a synthetic hexaploid wheat LM/AT23 with its AB-genome donor,the durum wheat LM,and selfing the pentaploid hybrids to the F7 generation yielded mostly euploid tetraploids and a few *** special derivatives of tetraploid were isolated,including a 4D(4B)substitution line with large panicles and high resistance to stripe rust and a 2DS.2AL translocation line with non-waxy *** discovery of small D-genome introgressions in the A and B genomes suggested that pentaploidization can be used to induce homoeologous *** introgression of D genome from Aegilops tauschii to the AB genomes might promote the development of super tetraploid wheat with hexaploid biological characteristics(especially stress resistance)and quality functions and the functional study of the introduced chromosomes or fragments.

关键词： Pentaploid hybridization Interspecific hybridization Alien introgression Homoeologous recombination Aegilops tauschii

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Assessing the ecological effects of the World's Largest Forestry Eco-engineering: Three-North Protective Forest Program within the initially scheduled range from 1978 to 2022

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 314-327页

作者： Xiao Zheng Jiaojun Zhu G.Geoff Wang Qiaoling Yan Tao Sun Lining Song Tian Gao Yirong Sun Xiufen Li Kai Yang Jinxin Zhang Lizhong Yu Ke Qi Lanlin Zhao Deliang Lu Zhanyuan Lu CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Qingyuan Forest CERN National Observation and Research StationShenyang 110016China Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemson 29634USA agronomy College Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Sciences Hohhot 010031China

China's Three-North Protective Forest Program(TNP) is the world's most ambitious afforestation project(ongoing from 1978 to 2050), which aims to increase forest coverage through afforestation and reforestation, protect agriculture, reduce soil erosion, and control desertification. Although TNP has been ongoing for 45 years, its rationales and effects remain uncertain. Here, we conducted a rangewide assessment of TNP by analyzing data from >10,000 scenes of satellite images and >50,000 field survey plots. The TNP range and definitions of shelterbelts, arboreal forests, and shrublands were changed during the study period, but we used the initial TNP range(4.07 million km2) and the definitions in 1978 for keeping the consistency, comparability, and comprehensiveness. The TNP increased forest coverage from 5.05% in 1978 to 9.69% in 2022, with arboreal forests, shrublands, and shelterbelts increasing by 42.5%, 184.4%,and 53.6%, respectively. However, only 40.1% of the 471,113 km2afforested area was established between 1978 and 2022. The wellestablished shelterbelts improved crop yield by 4.3%-9.5%, but only 10.2% of all the farmlands in TNP regions(TNR) were protected. The total area of soil erosion due to hydraulic forces was reduced by 447,363 km2, with 61% of this reduction attributed to TNP. TNP contributed to the reduction of desertification by 15%, largely due to the low rate of afforestation success and the largely decreased grasslands. The total carbon sequestration from TNP was 1.96 Pg C. Moreover, water storage in TNR showed a decreasing trend, but the contribution rate of TNP was only 7.8%. Our results illustrate that forestry eco-engineering projects are feasible in the management and restoration of arid and semi-arid degraded lands, but attention must be paid to fully considering the ecological carrying capacity of water resources, matching the species to sites, strengthening the post-afforestation management, as well as keeping the balances between composit

关键词： Three-North Program northern China protective forest ecological impacts 45 years

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The miR3367–lncRNA67–GhCYP724B module regulates male sterility by modulating brassinosteroid biosynthesis and interacting with Aorf27 in Gossypium hirsutum

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2025年第1期67卷 169-190页

作者： Anhui Guo Hushuai Nie Huijing Li Bin Li Cheng Cheng Kaiyun Jiang Shengwei Zhu Nan Zhao Jinping Hua Laboratory of Cotton Genetics Genomics and Breeding/Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular BreedingMinistry of Education/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)lines play a crucial role in utilization of heterosis in crop ***,the mechanism underlying the manipulation of male sterility in cotton by long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)and brassinosteroids(BRs)remains ***,using an integrative approach combining lncRNA transcriptomic profiles with virus-induced gene silencing experiments,we identify a flower budspecific lncRNA in the maintainer line 2074B,lncRNA67,negatively modulating with male sterility in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum).lncRNA67positively regulates cytochrome P274B(GhCYP724B),which acted as an eTM(endogenous target mimic)for *** suppression of GhCYP724B induced symptoms of BR deficiency and male semisterility in upland cotton as well as in tobacco,which resulted from a reduction in the endogenous BR ***724B regulates BRs synthesis by interacting with GhDIM and GhCYP90B,two BRs biosynthesis ***,GhCYP724B suppressed a unique chimeric open reading frame(Aorf27)in 2074A mitochondrial *** expression of Aorf27 in yeast inhibited cellular growth,and over expression of Aorf27 in tobacco showed male ***,the results proved that the miR3367–lncRNA67–GhCYP724B module positively regulates male sterility by modulating BRs *** findings uncovered the function of lncRNA67–GhCYP724B in male sterility,providing a new mechanism for understanding male sterility in upland cotton.

关键词： brassinosteroids GhCYP724B lncRNA67 male sterility mitochondrial Aorf27 upland cotton(G.hirsutum)

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Physiological and agronomic effects of regulated-deficit irrigation on soybean grown under arid climatic conditions

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The Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 281-291页

作者： Bouthayna El Amine Fatema Mosseddaq Abdelhadi Ait Houssa Ahmed Bouaziz Lhoussaine Moughli Abdallah Oukarroum Hassan II institute of agronomy and Veterinary Medicine Department of Crop ProductionProtection and BiotechnologyRabat 10100Morocco Mohammed VI Polytechnic University Plant Stress Physiology LaboratoryAgrobiosciencesBenguerir 43150Morocco Providence Verte Company Agricultural Training and Research CenterRabat 10020Morocco

Drought is one of the most severe environmental stresses affecting soybean growth and development,especially in arid and semi-arid *** aim of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of regulated deficit irrigation during the vegetative stages on soybean plants and determine the amount irrigation water can be reduced without affecting the physiological parameters,the crop phenology,and the yield of the soybean *** field experiments were conducted during two irrigation crop seasons(2021 and 2022)in Louata,*** results showed that regulated deficit irrigation regimes during the vegetative stages was combined with high temperatures and low air humidities during the beginning of flowering and the pod filling stage during 2021 in comparison with 2022,especially for 25%CWR(crop water requirements).Regulated deficit irrigation regimes reduced the stomatal conductance by 46%and 52%respectively during the first and second growing seasons by limiting CO2 intake for the Calvin *** stomata closure increased the leaf temperature and affected the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus by damaging the chlorophyll pigments and impairment of electron transport chains in *** transition from regulated deficit irrigation to 100%CWR at the beginning of flowering(R1)compensated for the photosynthetic loss,improved the growth and development of soybean plants and enhanced the yield and its components for 50%and 75%*** adaptative mechanism such as the remobilization of the carbon reserved in the stems and leaves(vegetative tissues)to the grains improved the grain yield by 36.7%during 2021 and by 32.2%during 2022 *** consequently improved the water use efficiency,the water productivity of soybean for 50%and 75%CWR and contributed to water saving with an average of 60 mm per growing season.

关键词： Soybean Regulated-deficit irrigation Vegetative phase Soil water content Plant physiology and yield

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Morphological Characteristics of Local Chicken Populations (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Farmed Basins of the Far North Region, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 51-68页

作者： Christophe Wang-baa Temoa Jean Massawa Francis Dongmo Djiotsa Yakouba Manjely Felix Meutchieye Faculty of agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Agriculture Livestock and Deriveted Product National Advanced School of Engineering University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon institute of Agricultural Research for Development IRAD Garoua Garoua Cameroon School of Science and Veterinary Medicine University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

In order to contribute to a better understanding of the biodiversity of local chicken populations, this study focused on the description of the essential qualitative parameters in the phenotypic characterization of local species. Conducted in 6 localities in the Far North Region of Cameroon (Doukoula, Yagoua, Guidiguis, Dziguilao, Maroua 3rd and Méri), a population of 240 local chickens, including 172 hens and 68 cocks were characterized in family farms. The choice of localities was made on the basis of their strong potential local chicken flocks in the region. To this end, each animal was the subject of a qualitative description based on the identification of the sex of the animal, the description of the colorations of the plumage and extremities, and the description of the types of format, plumage and crests. All observations were made with the naked eye and in daylight and then photographed. The main results show that the plumage colors are multiple and dominated by the White-Pied-Black (21.7%) and the Mille-fleur (20.8%);the wattles are dominated by the red (60%) and the pink (35.4%);the tarsi are dominated by the white (43.8%) and the black (32.08%);the white skin (92.5%) dominates over the pink skin (7.5%);the “Smooth-uniform” feather is dominant (97.08%), followed by the smooth-crested type (2.08%) and the fries type (0.82%);the medium size of the chickens is dominant (86.66%), followed by the dwarf size (9.58%) and the large size (3.75%). The results of this study demonstrate that there is a strong phenotypic diversity within the local chicken population. This diversity can serve as a basis for the development of selection, conservation and genetic potential improvement programs based on rational exploitation of the local chicken.

关键词： Morphological Characteristics Local Chicken Far North Cameroon

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Cyt02 encodes cytochrome P450 monooxygenase,increasing rice(Oryza sativa L.)resistance to sheath blight

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The Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 92-103页

作者： Tengda Zheng Xiaolin Wang Yuewen He Deqiang Li Andrews Danso Ofori Xing Xiang Abdul Ghani Kandhro Xiaoqun Yi Fu Huang Jianqing Zhu Ping Li Aiping Zheng State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina College of agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Guang’an Vocational&Technical College Guang’an 638500SichuanChina Rice Research institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Rice sheath blight(RSB)is a major destructive disease impeding rice *** key germplasm resources with increased resistance remains a ***,the mechanisms underlying disease resistance are not yet fully *** P450 monooxygenases(CYP450s)serve biosynthesis and metabolic detoxification functions in plants,but there is limited information about their role in the response induced by *** study demonstrated that CYT02 belongs to the CYP73A100 subfamily and is a typical member of the ***(OE)in rice of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase cyt02 conferred increased resistance to RSB and increased vegetative ***02 may increase RSB resistance by regulating plant hormone synthesis,regulate reactive oxygen species(ROS)by coordinating the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and initiate phytoalexin synthesis in response to fungal *** research findings have laid a foundation for a deeper understanding of the function of cyt02 and offered a potential target gene for breeding rice varieties resistant to sheath blight.

关键词： Rice Sheath blight Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase Metabolomics analysis Functional analysis

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Evaluation of Two Methods of Production and Release of the Parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for the Control of Pearl Millet Head Miner Heliocheilus albipunctella (de Joannis) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Maradi (Niger)

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Advances in Entomology 2025年第1期13卷 126-138页

作者： Laouali Amadou Mahaman Nassirou Oumarou Ousseina Abdoulaye Souleymane Laminou Issa Yacouba Ibrahim Baoua Malick N. Ba Rangaswamy Muniappan Entomology Laboratory II National Institute of Agriculture Maradi Niger Faculty of agronomy University Dan Dicko Dan Koulodo Maradi Niger World Vegetable Center West and Central Africa (WCA)Coastal and Humid Regions IITA-Benin Campus Cotonou Benin Center for International Research Education and Development Virginia Tech Blacksburg USA

Pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum (Leeke) R. Br, is the main cereal crop in Niger. This crop is seriously attacked by the millet Head miner (MHM), Heliocheilus albipunctella (de Joannis) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) causing significant yield losses. This study to optimize biological control of this pest was carried out in Niger in the laboratory and in a farming environment. In the laboratory, the larval paralysis and emergence of the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were compared between release jute bags, plastic boxes and cardboard boxes. In a farming environment, direct releases were carried out with plastic boxes and releases with jute bags in 12 villages of the Maradi region during the cropping seasons of 2021 and 2022. The results indicated that 25 larvae of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the boxes were all paralyzed by 2 females of H. hebetor within 7 hours 30 minutes. The emergence of adults began on the 7th day after the beginning of the experiment for a period of two weeks and three weeks respectively in the boxes and jute bags. The production varied from 107.08 to 110.17 parasitoids and was comparable between the Jute bags, plastic boxes and cardboard boxes. In Farmers’ fields, the parasitoid release with the two methods caused the parasitism rates that varied from 64.32 to 66.52% depending on the year but in 2022 the rate of parasitism was higher in the fields with direct releases using plastic boxes (72.66%) compared to those released with jute bags (56.35%). Plastic boxes and cardboard boxes can be used for the production of the H. hebetor parasitoids. These results can be recommended to the cottage industries in the Sahel in order to improve the production and release methods of H. hebetor and make them more adapted to farmers’ fields.

关键词： Biological Control Parasitoid Release Hebrobracon hebetor Heliocheilus albipunctella Niger

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Crop root system architecture in drought response

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第1期52卷 4-13页

作者： Yanjun Zhang Xi Wu Xingrong Wang Mingqiu Dai Yunling Peng College of agronomy Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouGansu 730070China State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouGansu 730070China Crop Research institute Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhouGansu 730070China Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest Cold and Arid Regions Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsLanzhouGansu 730070China national Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Drought is a natural disaster that profoundly impacts on global agricultural production,significantly reduces crop yields,and thereby poses a severe threat to worldwide food *** the challenge of effectively improving crop drought resistance(DR)to mitigate yield loss under drought conditions is a global *** optimal root system architecture(RSA)plays a pivotal role in enhancing the capacity of crops to efficiently uptake water and nutrients,which consequently strengthens their resilience against environmental *** this review,we discuss the compositions and roles of crop RSA and summarize the most recent developments in augmenting drought tolerance in crops by manipulating RSA-related *** on the current research,we propose the potential optimal RSA configuration that could be helpful in enhancing crop ***,we discuss the existing challenges and future directions for breeding crops with enhanced DR capabilities through genetic improvements targeting RSA.

关键词： Crop Drought resistance Root system architecture Genetic improvement

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Optimizing crop yields while minimizing environmental impact through deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 36-60页

作者： Lingxiao Zhu Hongchun Sun Liantao Liu Ke Zhang Yongjiang Zhang Anchang Li Zhiying Bai Guiyan Wang Xiaoqing Liu Hezhong Dong Cundong Li State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province/College of agronomy Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China institute of Industrial Crops State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and ManagementShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China

Nitrogen(N)serves as an essential nutrient for yield formation across diverse crop ***,agricultural production encounters numerous challenges,notably high N fertilizer rates coupled with low N use efficiency and serious environmental *** placement of nitrogen fertilizer(DPNF)is an agronomic measure that shows promise in addressing these *** review aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of DPNF,beginning with a succinct overview of its development and methodologies for ***,the optimal fertilization depth and influencing factors for different crops are analyzed and ***,it investigates the regulation and mechanism underlying the DPNF on crop development,yield,N use efficiency and greenhouse gas ***,the review delineates the limitations and challenges of this technology and provides suggestions for its improvement and *** review provides valuable insight and reference for the promotion and adoption of DPNF in agricultural practice.

关键词： deep placement of N fertilizer optimal fertilization depth yield N use efficiency greenhouse gas emissions

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