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Enhancement of DNA vaccine-induced immune responses by a 72-bp element from SV40 enhancer

Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第6期120卷 496-502页

作者： LI Hai-shan LIU Yong LI Ding-feng ZHANG Ran-ran TANG Hai-li ZHANG Yu-wei HUANG Wei LIU Ying PENG Hong XU Jian-qing HONG Kun-xue SHAO Yi-ming State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease prevention and control National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease 100050 China

Background Although DNA vaccine is considered as the next generation of vaccine, most DNA vaccine candidates are still suffering from the relatively weak immunogenicity despite the increased dosage of plasmid DNA administered. In order to enhance the immune responses elicited by a codon-optimized HIV gag DNA vaccine, a modified plasmid vector pDRVI1.0 and a booster immunization with replicating Tiantan vaccinia （RTV） strain expressing the same gene were employed. Methods Vector pDRVI1.0 was constructed through inserting the 72-bp element from the SV40 enhancer, which was reported promoting nuclear transport of plasmid DNA, to the upstream of cytomegalovirus enhancer/promoter region of the plasmid vector pVR1012. Gene expression levels from expression plasmids based on pDRVI1.0 and pVR1012 were tested. Humoral and cellular immune responses induced by DNA vaccine alone or DNA prime-RTV boost regimen were determined in mice. Results It was shown that the 72-bp element significantly enhanced the gene expression level in non-dividing cells. gag-specific humoral and cellular immune responses induced by DNA vaccination were both significantly improved, while the Thl/Th2 balance was not obviously affected by the 72-bp element. RTV boosting further significantly enhanced DNA vaccine-palmed antibody and T cell responses in a Thl-biased manner. Conclusions The 72-bp SV40 enhancer element should be included in the DNA vaccine vector and RTV strain is a very efficient live vector for boosting immunization.

关键词： DNA vaccines SV40 enhancer prime-boost vaccinia Tiantan strain

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Progress Towards the 90-90-90 Targets for controlling HIV --China, 2018

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China CDC weekly 2019年第1期1卷 4-7页

作者： Yan Zhao Mengjie Han Ye Ma Dongmin Li national Center for aids/std control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina.

What is already known about this topic?Since the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and aids(UNaids)announced the 90-90-90 targets to control the global HIV epidemic in 2014,many countries have undertaken innovative measures to achieve this *** national Center for aids/std control and prevention(NCaids)of China CDC convenes experts annually to evaluate the national progress towards these *** most recent progress of 90-90-90 targets in China has not been previously *** is added by this report?At the end of 2018,the percentage of living with HIV(PLWH)who had received a confirmed HIV diagnosis in China was 68.9%(61.5%-78.3%).The antiretroviral treatment coverage of diagnosed PLWH was 83.4%,and among patients on treatment for at least 12 months,94.2%achieved viral *** provides most recent progress of 90-90-90 target in *** are the implications for public health practice?China has made significant strides in curbing the HIV epidemic,but analysis on progress for the first 90 target for HIV testing remains out of *** testing strategies may need to be developed to ensure that more PLWH can be identified.

关键词： diagnosis testing annually

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The Prevalence of HIV Drug Resistance among Treatment-failure Individuals and Treatment-nave Individuals in China:A Meta-analysis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第11期27卷 858-871页

作者： WU Jing NORRIS Jessie LIU Hui Xin LI Zheng SU Ying Ying ZHU Lin WANG Ning national Center for aids/std control and prevention China Center for Disease and Prevention School of Agroforestry & Medicine the Open University of China

Objective To understand drug resistance prevalence among treatment-failure and treatment-nave HIV-positive individuals in *** We searched five electronic databases（Wanfang,CNKI,CQVIP,SinoMed,and Pubmed） for studies of HIV drug ***-effects models were carried out to estimate the prevalence of drug resistance among treatment-failure and treatment-nave individuals,*** The estimated nationwide rates of HIV drug resistance to any-class drugs among treatment-failure and treatment-nave individuals were 57%（95% CI：49%-65%） and 3.23%（95% CI：2.47%-4.07%）,*** the drug classes,the prevalence of resistance to PIs was low（1.45%;95% CI：0.73%-2.33%） in treatment-failure individuals,although high rates of resistance to NNRTIs（54%;95% CI：45%-63%） and NRTIs（40%;95% CI：32%-49%） were *** to any-class drugs,NNRTIs and NRTIs manifested regional differences,but resistance to PIs did *** correlations were observed between resistance to NNRTIs and NRTIs among treatment-failure and treatment-nave individuals,*** The prevalence of HIV drug resistance to NNRTIs and NRTIs among treatment-failure individuals was *** contrast,the prevalence of drug resistance among treatment-nave individuals was *** epidemics of drug resistance matched current treatment strategies and interventions in *** for HIV drug resistance is necessary to assess the sustainability and durability of current treatment regimens.

关键词： HIV Drug resistance Meta-analysis China

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Evaluation of PIMA Point-of-care CD4 Analyzer in Yunnan, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第7期128卷 890-895页

作者： Jun Liang Song Duan Yan-Ling Ma Ji-Bao Wang Ying-Zhen Su Hui Zhang Chin-Yih Ou Ling Hao Ming-Shan Qi Marc Bulterys Larry Westerman Yan Jiang Yao Xiao Department of aids/std prevention National HIV/HCV Reference Laboratory National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Department of Laboratory Tongzhou Blood Center Beijing 101100 China Department of aids/std prevention Dehong Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention Dehong Yunnan 678400 China Department of aids/std prevention Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Kunming Yunnan 650022 China Global aids Program-China Office US Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100600 China International Laboratory Branch Division of Global HIV/AIDS Center for Global Health U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30329 USA

Background： CD4 count is used to determine antiretroviral therapy （ART） eligibility. In China, flow cytometers are mostly located in urban areas with limited access by patients residing in remote areas. In an attempt to address this issue, we conducted a study to validate the performance ofAlere PIMA point-of-care CD4 analyzer. Methods： Venous and finger-prick blood specimens were collected from HIV-positive participants from two voluntary counseling and testing sites in Yunnan Province. Both venous and finger-prick blood specimens were tested with the PIMA analyzer. Venous blood specimens tested with the Becton Dickinson FACSCalibur were used as a reference. Results： Venous specimens from 396 and finger-prick specimens from 387 persons were available for analysis. CD4 counts by PIMA correlated well with those from FACSCalibur with an R2 of 0.91 for venous blood and 0.81 for finger-prick blood. Compared to FACSCalibur, the PIMA analyzer yielded lower counts with a mean bias of- 47.0 cells/μl （limit of agreement, [LOA]： -204-110 cells/μl） for venous blood and -71.0 cells/μl （LOA： -295-153 cells/μl） for finger-prick blood. For a CD4 threshold of 350 cells/μl, the positive predictive value （PPV） of PIMA was 84.2% and 75.7% and the negative predictive value （NPV） was 97.6% and 95.8% for venous and finger-prick blood, respectively. For an ART threshold of 500 cells/μl, the corresponding PPV was 90.3% and 84.0% and NPV was 94.3% and 93.4%, respectively. Conclusions： CD4 counting using venous blood with PIMA analyzers is a feasible alternative to a large flow cytometer to determine ART eligibility.

关键词： CD4 Counts Finger-prick HIV Point-of-care Venous Blood

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HIV and HCV Infection Status Among Drug Users--China, 2010−2018

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China CDC weekly 2020年第7期2卷 109-112页

作者： Lin Ge Dongmin Li Peilong Li Shuquan Qu Fangfang Chen Fan Lyu national Center for aids/std control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina.

What is already known about this topic?It is known that drug users(DUs)was brought into human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)sentinel surveillance as HIV related high-risk group since 1990s with a higher HIV antibody positive rate in the early *** is added by this report?This study not only showed that HIV antibody positive rate had decreased steadily since 2010 and maintained stable in past 4 years,but also showed that the proportion of the new narcotic and the mixed drug users increased since 2010 and HIV antibody positive rate of mixed abuse users increased year by *** are the implications for public health practice?Some existing policies and strategies publicity,education and interventions require adjustments since new narcotic drug users contributed to DUs HIV *** challenge of HIV infection and transmission among drug users abusing both traditional and new narcotic drugs also require more attention.

关键词： drugs maintained education

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HIV care continuum among newly diagnosed student and non-student youths between 2012 and 2016 in Hangzhou, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第12期132卷 1420-1428页

作者： Yan Luo Hong Wu Xing-Liang Zhang Xi-Ting Li Sarah Robbins Scott Jun-Fang Chen Zun-You Wu Hangzhou Center for Disease control and prevention HangzhouZhejiang 310021China national Center for aids/std control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Background: Youths are disproportionally affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We aimed to assess antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and viral suppression rates among student and non-student youths in Hangzhou, China. Methods: Data were taken from the Chinese HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Youths aged 15 to 24 years who were newly diagnosed with HIV between 2012 and 2016 and were living in Hangzhou were included in the study. Comparisons between student and non-student youths were made for ART initiation within 30 days, 90 days, and 12 months of HIV diagnosis, and the viral suppression rate at 12 months of HIV diagnosis and at 12 months of ART initiation. Results: A total of 707 cases met inclusion criteria, 29.6% of which were students and 70.4% were non-student youths. The student group had a higher proportion of ART initiation compared with the non-student group within 30 days of diagnosis (45.5% vs. 37.0%, P = 0.044), and a slightly higher but not statistically significant proportion at 90 days (67.0% vs. 62.7%), and 12 months (83.7% vs. 78.5%) of HIV diagnosis. ART initiation within 30 days improved from 90% in 2016. A smaller proportion of students experienced viral suppression compared with the non-student group (9.6% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.011) at 12 months after HIV diagnosis, but the suppression rate was similar at 12 months of ART initiation (69.9% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.743). Conclusions: ART initiation in both student and non-student youths has significantly improved between 2012 and 2016. However, the viral suppression rate remained unacceptably low at 12 months of HIV diagnosis in both student and non-student groups. Specific intervention strategies must be taken to address this challenge.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Antiretroviral therapy Viral suppression Student Non-student Youths

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Characteristics of the HIV/aids Epidemic in Women Aged 15-49 Years from 2005 to 2012 in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第10期28卷 701-708页

作者： ZHANG Xia Yan HUANG Tao FENG Yi Bing LI Meng CHEN Fang Fang LI Yin Ge JIN Shan Shan BU Kai WANG Lu national Center for aids/std control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shandong Provincial Center for Disease control and prevention College of Public Health University of South Florida

Objective To describe the characteristics of the HIV/aids epidemic in women aged 15-49 years in China. Methods HIV/aids cases from 2005 to 2012 that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified on the Chinese HIV/aids case reporting system. Descriptive and spatial analyses were performed. Results A total of 103,559 female HIV/aids cases were included in our study. Based on the descriptive analysis, between 2005 and 2012, the proportion of heterosexually acquired HIV infection among women （15-49 years） increased rapidly from 35.8% to 87.4%. Approximately 60% of these cases were infected through non-marital heterosexual contact. Among older women （40-49 years）, a slightly increasing trend was identified. The spatial analysis detected ＇hot spots＇ in the Xinjiang, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, and Chongqing provinces. The epidemic trends in these areas were predominately driven by heterosexual transmission. Conclusion Non-marital heterosexual contact is a very important factor in the HIV/aids epidemic in women aged 15-49 years, and the HIV infection rate in older women is increasing. Several epidemic hot spots were detected in northwestern and southwestern China. Efficient interventions are needed to control the spread of HIV/aids among women living in these areas.

关键词： aids Women Epidemiology China

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Reliability and Validity of Chinese Version of the Addiction Severity Index among Drug Users in the Community

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期25卷 684-689页

作者： LUO Wei GUO Cai Xia HAN De Lin LI Zhi Jun national Center for aids/std control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Division of Cardiology Beo'ing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China Division of aids/std control and prevention Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu 610000 Sichuan China

Objective To assess the reliability and validity of a new Chinese version of the Addiction Severity Index （ASI-C） in drug users in the community. Methods Three hundred and eighty-one drug users in the community in Chengdu, Sichuan province were recruited. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of the ASI-C revised on the basis of the previous Chinese version and 38 were interviewed for the second time at an interval of 7 days to evaluate test-retest reliability. Results Cronbach＇s c~ coefficients for the internal consistency of the scale varied from 0.49 to 0.86. Test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.93. Criterion validity was found acceptable, as compared with the Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）. Conclusion The ASI-C presented acceptable reliability and validity in a sample of drug users in the community.

关键词： Addiction severity index Chinese version Reliability Validity Community

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Development and Challenge of HIV/aids Testing Laboratory Network and Quality Assurance System in China

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Virologica Sinica 2007年第6期22卷 434-442页

作者： Yan JIANG national aids Reference Laboratory of national Center for aids/std control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100050 China

This paper describes the development and challenge of HIV/aids testing laboratory network and quality assurance system in China. At present,the HIV/aids testing laboratories includes three classes,the national aids Reference Laboratory,HIV/aids confirmatory laboratories and HIV/aids screening laboratories. All of them are accredited by the health authorities,and each class of laboratories take charge of their function strictly according to the "national Management of HIV/aids Detection (2006)". A complete quality assurance and quality control system for HIV/aids testing has been developed,which includes technical training,strict laboratory monitoring and approval,examination or proficiency testing on HIV/aids detection,and quality evaluation and supervision of HIV/aids diagnostic kits. Besides conduct the routine anti-HIV antibody test,more and more laboratories began to conduct other tests,such as CD4+ T lymphocyte cell counting,HIV viral load,HIV DNA PCR,genotyping,drug resistance,and HIV-1 recent infection test. The primary challenges faced by the HIV/aids testing laboratory network are in the areas of laboratory management and quality control. For example,the provincial PT program is inefficient,the internal quality control is conducted perfunctorily,personnel training can not met the needs of the workplace,which need to be improved.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Laboratory Detection Quality assurance Quality control

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Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on the Spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Chaoyang District, Beijing, China： Using the Asian Epidemic Model

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第1期130卷 32-38页

作者： Li-Li Tao Min Liu Shu-Ming Li Jue Liu Shu-Lin Jiang Li-Juan Wang Feng-Ji Luo Ning Wang Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University Beijing 100191 China Department of std and aids prevention and control Beijing Chaoyang District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100021 China national Center for aids/std control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China

Background： Successful antiretroviral therapy （ART） has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）. We conducted a study to predict the potential effect of ART on the spread of HIV in Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, using the Asian Epidemic Model （AEM）. Methods： The AEM baseline workbook was used to determine the current infection status and to project the future spread of HIV under current conditions. We changed the input on the ART coverage from 2014 to 2025 and also modified the treatment eligibility in the AEM intervention workbook, in order to allow for analysis of the projected downstream impact of ART. Results： By gradually increasing the ART coverage rate from 29.7% （rate of 2013） to 40.0%, 50.0%, 60.0%, 70.0%, 80.0%, and 90.0% （at CD4＋ ≤350 cells/μl）, and by changing the dates of coverage from 2014 to 2020, the number of new infections showed a cumulative decline of 0.60%, 1.59%, 2.94%, 5.33%, 9.32%, and 14.98%, respectively. After 2020, the projected rates of infection rebounded slightly, so with the exception of the years with very high coverage （90.0%）, new infections continued to decrease. When we changed the initial threshold of therapy to CD4＋ cell counts ≤500 cells/μl, new infections decreased 6.00%, 11.64%, 15.92%, 21.11%, 26.92%, 33.05%, and 38.75%, respectively, under varying ART coverages. Conclusion： Our study demonstrates that the early initiation of ART for people living with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome （aids） has a positive effect in slowing the spread of HIV.

关键词： Antiretroviral Therapy Asian Epidemic Model Human Immunodeficiency Virus Impact Transmission

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