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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2021年第4期3卷 210-213页

作者： Chuqiu Zhang Tingting Xu Yang Ji Wenping Zheng Jingsong Wu Yuemei Lu Huiping Li Rongchang Chen Chen Qiu Kai Zhou Shenzhen institute of Respiratory Diseases Second Clinical Medical College(Shenzhen People’s Hospital)Jinan UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina The First Affiliated Hospital(Shenzhen People’s Hospital) Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina Administration Department of Nosocomial Infection Second Clinical Medical College(Shenzhen People’s Hospital)Jinan UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina Clinical Laboratory Second Clinical Medical College(Shenzhen People’s Hospital)Jinan UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina

Acinetobacter baumannii is a frequent cause of nosocomial *** we report an intermittent outbreak caused by the emerging carbapenem-resistant ***(CRAB)clone ST457 and assess the effectiveness of patient screening for outbreak *** isolates were collected from 74 patients admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital between May 2018 and March *** CRAB isolates were assigned to ST457,and 13 belonged to an outbreak clone,as determined by phylogenomic *** patient screening was started at the respiratory intensive care unit on May 2019,through which a ST457-positive patient transferred from the intensive care unit was *** positive patients were detected within 3months *** results of this study highlight the importance of rigorous infection prevention and control measures,combined with patient screening,in controlling the CRAB outbreak.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenem resistance nosocomial outbreak respiratory intensive care unit ST457

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肢体延长的起源、理论突破与技术进展

中华骨科杂志 2020年第11期40卷 749-754页

作者：秦泗河臧建成 Dror·Paley 国家康复辅具研究中心附属康复医院矫形骨科民政部康复辅具技术与系统重点实验室北京市老年功能障碍康复辅助技术重点实验室100176 Paley Orthopedic and Spine institute West Palm BeachFloridaUSA

Ilizarov技术催生了骨再生和肢体延长,是20世纪骨科发展的重要里程碑之一。进入21世纪,随着进化论、系统控制论、再生医学、人工智能、3D打印等参入临床,突破了既往骨科的范畴,从头颅、脊柱、骨盆、手指、足趾以及神经性溃疡,缺血性坏... 详细信息

Ilizarov技术催生了骨再生和肢体延长,是20世纪骨科发展的重要里程碑之一。进入21世纪,随着进化论、系统控制论、再生医学、人工智能、3D打印等参入临床,突破了既往骨科的范畴,从头颅、脊柱、骨盆、手指、足趾以及神经性溃疡,缺血性坏疽等几乎都能实施再生、修复与重建,进一步证明了生物力可激发人体组织自我修复的潜能。本文追溯了肢体延长术100多年的历史,阐述了最初的截骨、延长理念和Ilizarov技术、牵拉成骨技术以及牵拉成组织技术等重要的生物学理论及其在前苏联,欧洲,北美等世界范围内的传播与发展;介绍了从Wagner、Bastiani、Orthofix、Ilizarov外固定器到全髓内骨骼延长钉等手术器械的优势、劣势和改良;展示了牵拉成组织技术跨越多学科、不同组织再生重建的临床应用。在肢体延长不断发展的历史过程中,国际肢体延长与重建学会以及各国学术组织发挥着重要的推动作用。中国的肢体延长起源与发展可分为四个阶段,即Ilizarov技术前期即骨外固定自主研发和肢体弹性延展延长期、Ilizarov牵拉成骨延长技术期、后Ilizarov技术时代以及应力调控主导下的肢体再生延长与重建期,目前已进入了快速发展的新时代。

关键词：骨延长术骨重建伊利扎罗夫技术骨生成,牵张

Effects of financial incentives for treatment supporters on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Swaziland: a pragmatic interventional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 227-233页

作者： Merav Kliner Mamvura Canaan Sifiso Zwide Ndwwe Fred Busulwa William Welfare Marty Richardson John Walley John Wright The Clinic Group Matsapha Health CarePO Box 1075MatsaphaManziniSwaziland Family Life Association of Swaziland PO Box 1051ManziniSwaziland Good Shepherd Hospital PO Box 2SitekiSwaziland Manchester Academic Health Science Centre University of ManchesterOxford RdManchester M139PLUK Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpoolMerseyside L35QAUK Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development University of Leeds101 Clarendon RoadLeeds LS29LJUK Bradford institute for Health Research Bradford Royal InfirmaryDuckworth LaneBradford BD96RJUK Mersey Deanery Summers RoadLiverpoolMerseyside L34BLUK

Background:Swaziland has the highest national incidence of tuberculosis(TB)in the world,with treatment success rates well below the 85%international *** support as part of comprehensive TB services is a core component of the Stop TB *** study investigated the effects of financial incentives for treatment supporters on TB treatment outcomes in ***:This was a controlled study that compared treatment outcomes for patients with a treatment supporter who received or did not receive a financial ***:The intervention group had a higher chance of treatment success as compared with the control group:73%(95%confidence intervals[CIs]66–80%)versus 60%(95%CIs 57–64%),respectively,p=*** improvement remained significant when treatment success rates were adjusted for differences in baseline characteristics,with the effect of incentivised treatment supporters on treatment outcomes having an odds ratio(OR)of *** was also a significant improvement in the death rate in the intervention group,as compared with the control group(10.6 versus 23.5%,p=<0.001).Conclusion:Incentives provided to TB treatment supporters appear to significantly improve TB treatment *** treatment support may be appropriate as an effective addition to support and supervision measures(199 words).

关键词： Tuberculosis Treatment success Swaziland Africa

海南省小城镇娱乐场所女性从业者与不同性伴的性行为及其安全套使用状况调查分析

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中国艾滋病性病 2008年第4期14卷 371-372,375页

作者：何滨符艳廖锦芳廖苏苏 Margaret Weeks 吴奕琴王晓春海南省疾病预防控制中心海口570203 澄迈县疾病预防控制中心海南澄迈571900 中国协和医科大学北京10005 The institute for Community Research Hartford

目的分析海南省2个城镇娱乐场所中,提供或可能提供性服务的女性从业人员,与不同性伴的性行为及其安全套的使用状况,揭示该人群在艾滋病传播中的桥梁作用,探索针对该人群的艾滋病干预工作的模式。方法采用横断面调查方法,对抽取的200名... 详细信息

目的分析海南省2个城镇娱乐场所中,提供或可能提供性服务的女性从业人员,与不同性伴的性行为及其安全套的使用状况,揭示该人群在艾滋病传播中的桥梁作用,探索针对该人群的艾滋病干预工作的模式。方法采用横断面调查方法,对抽取的200名娱乐场所的女性从业人员进行面对面的问卷调查。结果200名调查对象中,66.5%的人有固定性伴,79.5%的人有过商业性伴,22.0%的人有暂时性伴;阴道性交是该人群的主要性行为方式;30.39%的调查对象在与固定性伴发生性行为时使用了安全套,与商业性伴和暂时性伴该数据上升为69.34%和72.22%。该人群安全套的使用与年龄、场所、民族及婚姻状况呈密切相关。结论娱乐场所女性从业人员为艾滋病从高危人群向普通人群传播的桥梁,针对该人群的艾滋病干预工作必须因人因地而宜。

关键词：娱乐场所安全套性伴类型性行为

梅毒IgA快速检测试剂诊断早期现症梅毒的应用性评估

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中华皮肤科杂志 2018年第5期51卷 372-375页

作者：韩燕魏万惠尹跃平 David Anderson 王红春 Mary L Garcia Huy Van 朱小宇陈凯陈祥生中国医学科学院北京协和医学院皮肤病研究所中国疾病预防控制中心性病控制中心参比实验室南京210042 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院皮肤病研究所中国疾病预防控制中心性病控制中心南京210042 Burnet institute

目的评估Burnet研究所自制的IgA快速检测试剂（POC）对早期梅毒的诊断性能。方法利用性病中心参比实验室库存的455份血清标本进行梅毒IgA-POC应用性评估，标本根据梅毒螺旋体血球凝集试验（TPHA）、快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验（RPR）及... 详细信息

目的评估Burnet研究所自制的IgA快速检测试剂（POC）对早期梅毒的诊断性能。方法利用性病中心参比实验室库存的455份血清标本进行梅毒IgA-POC应用性评估，标本根据梅毒螺旋体血球凝集试验（TPHA）、快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验（RPR）及IgM酶联免疫吸附试验（IgM-ELISA）结果分为未感染组、既往感染组和早期现症组。对3组标本进行IgA—POC盲样检测，评估其对现症梅毒的诊断能力。结果IgA—POC对早期现症组的诊断灵敏度为92．6％（147／163），对既往感染组的排除诊断特异性为72．22％（104／144）；对未感染的排除诊断特异性为97．97％（145／148），总特异性为85．27％，达到了WHO对梅毒快速诊断试剂的最低要求。IgA—POC对早期现症梅毒诊断灵敏度高于IgM—ELISA（59．51％）（Z=6．88，P〈0．05），但其对既往感染的排除诊断特异性低于lgM-ELISA（98．61％）（Z=6．18，P〈0．05），两种方法对未感染的排除诊断特异性差异无统计学意义（Z=1．16，P=0．25）。结论IgA—POC对早期现症梅毒的发现能力较IgM—ELISA强，可以应用于早期现症梅毒的筛查。

关键词：梅毒梅毒血清诊断即时检验

Systems biology applications to study mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus latency and reactivation

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2016年第2期6卷 6-21页

作者： Cory H White Bastiaan Moesker Angela Ciuffi Nadejda Beliakova-Bethell Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology University of California San Diego San Diego VA Medical Center and Veterans Medical Research Foundation Clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton institute of Microbiology University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne Department of Medicine Univer-sity of California San Diego

Eradication of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) in infected individuals is currently not possible because of the presence of the persistent cellular reservoir of latent infection. The identification of HIV latency biomarkers and a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to regulation of HIV expression might provide essential tools to eliminate these latently infected cells. This review aims at summarizing gene expression profiling and systems biology applications to studies of HIV latency and eradication. Studies comparing gene expression in latently infected and uninfected cells identify candidate latency biomarkers and novel mechanisms of latency control. Studies that profiled gene expression changes induced by existing latency reversing agents(LRAs) highlight uniting themes driving HIV reactivation and novel mechanisms that contribute to regulation of HIV expression by different LRAs. Among the reviewed gene expression studies, the common approaches included identification of differentially expressed genes and gene functional category assessment. Integration of transcriptomic data with other biological data types is presently scarce, and the field would benefit from increased adoption of these methods in future studies. In addition, designing prospective studies that use the same methods of data acquisition and statistical analyses will facilitate a more reliableidentification of latency biomarkers using different model systems and the comparison of the effects of different LRAs on host factors with a role in HIV reactivation. The results from such studies would have the potential to significantly impact the process by which candidate drugs are selected and combined for future evaluations and advancement to clinical trials.

关键词： Gene expression Microarrays RNA-Seq Systems biology Human immunodeficiency virus Viral latency Disease eradication Biomarkers Molecular mechanisms Latency reversing agents

Phase Ⅱb trial of in vivo electroporation mediated dualplasmid hepatitis B virus DNA vaccine in chronic hepatitis B patients under lamivudine therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第2期23卷 306-317页

作者： Fu-Qiang Yang Gui-Rong Rao Gui-Qiang Wang Yue-Qi Li Yao Xie Zhan-Qing Zhang Cun-Liang Deng Qing Mao Jun Li Wei Zhao Mao-Rong Wang Tao Han Shi-Jun Chen Chen Pan De-Ming Tan Jia Shang Ming-Xiang Zhang Yue-Xin Zhang Ji-Ming Yang Guang-Ming Chen Liver Disease Research Center 458~(th) Hospital of PLA Department of Infectious Diseases Peking University First Hospital Beijing 302 Hospital Ninth Clinical Department Beijing Ditan Hospital Department of Liver Diseases Public Health Center Fudan University Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College PLA institute of Infectious Diseases Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Jiangsu Province People’s Hospital Nanjing 2~(nd) Hospital Nanjing PLA 81 Hospital Tianjin 3~(rd) Center Hospital Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital Fuzhou Infectious Disease Hospital Xiangya Hospital Central South University Henan Provincial People’s Hospital The Sixth People’s Hospital of Shenyang The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Infectious Disease Hospital of Tianjin

AIM To assess the efficacy and safety of in vivo electroporation(EP)-mediated dual-plasmid hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA vaccine vs placebo for sequential combination therapy with lamivudine(LAM) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-five patients were randomized to receive either LAM + vaccine(vaccine group, n = 109) or LAM + placebo(control group, n = 116). LAM treatment lasted 72 wk. Patients received the DNA vaccine or placebo by intramuscular injection mediated by EP at weeks 12(start of treatment with vaccine or placebo, SOT), 16, 24, and 36(end of treatment with vaccine or placebo, EOT). RESULTS In the modified intent-to-treat population, morepatients had a decrease in HBV DNA > 2 log10 IU/m L in the vaccine group at week 12 after EOT compared with the control group. A trend toward a difference in the number of patients with undetectable HBV DNA at week 28 after EOT was obtained. Adverse events were similar. In the dynamic per-protocol set, which excluded adefovir(ADV) add-on cases at each time point instantly after ADV administration due to LAM antiviral failure, more patients had a decrease in HBV DNA > 2 log10 IU/mL in the vaccine group at week 12 and 28 after EOT compared with the control group. More patients with undetectable HBV DNA at week 28 after EOT in the vaccine group were also observed. Among patients with a viral load controls at week 36 after EOT, as well as less virological breakthrough and YMDD mutations. CONCLUSION The primary endpoint was not achieved using the HBV DNA vaccine. The HBV DNA vaccine could only be beneficial in subjects that have achieved initial virological response under LAM chemotherapy.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B DNA vaccine In vivo electroporation Lamivudine-resistant mutants Randomized placebo-controlled trial