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Dynamic emission characteristics and control strategies of air pollutants from motor vehicles in downtown Beijing,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 637-646页

作者： Yan Shen Tongran Wu Aiping Lian Jie Gao Fei Peng Guohua Song Xuefang Wu Yangyang Cui Xinyu Liu Yunfei Wan Jing Yan Yifeng Xue national Engineering research Center of Urban environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100037China Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau Beijing 100048China Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100091China

This study combined the real-time monitoring and investigation of traffic flows to comprehensively analyze the road traffic flow and vehicle structure in downtown Beijing.A dynamic emission inventory of motor vehicle air pollutants in downtown Beijing in 2021 was established,and the impact of these emissions on air quality was simulated and quantified,and different emission reduction control scenarios were proposed to evaluate their environmental improvement effects and explore measures to mitigate the impact of pollution *** results show that the high traffic flow and the structure of the motor vehicle emissions in downtown Beijing are the main causes of severe motor vehicle *** data shows that traffic flow in central Beijing is dominated by small passenger vehicles,while the vehicle mix is better than in other regions,with 72.0%of vehicles meeting"national V"or higher emission ***,to achieve higher air quality goals,further reducing vehicle emissions is *** on dynamic traffic flow,the average daily emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOX),particulate matters(PM_(2.5))and volatile organic compounds(VOC)from motor vehicles in central Beijing are 17.7 tons,0.6 tons and 14.0 tons,respectively,accounting for 23.0%of the city’s average daily motor vehicle *** a zero-emission zone for motor vehicles were implemented in central Beijing,the annual average emission level of pollutants will be reduced by 10.4%to 21.0%.The designation of ultra-low emission zones for motor vehicles could be effective in improving the air quality in the center of Beijing.

关键词： Motor vehicle Air pollutant Emission characteristics Control strategy Beijing

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A global perspective on microbial risk factors in effluents of wastewater treatment plants

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 227-235页

作者： Kejing Chen Jinsong Liang Yuhan Wang Yechen Tao Yun Lu Aijie Wang School of Civil and environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Guohuan environmental protection Technology development Co. LTD.Shenzhen 518055China State Key Joint Laboratory of environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Effective monitoring and management of microbial risk factors in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)effluents require a comprehensive investigation of these risks.A global survey on microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents could reveal important insights into their risk *** study aims to explore the abundance and types of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),virulence factor genes(VFGs),the vector of ARG/VFG,and dominant pathogens in global WWTP *** collected 113 metagenomes of WWTP effluents from the Sequence Read Archive of the national Center for Biotechnology Information and characterized the microbial risk *** results showed that multidrug resistance was the dominant ARG type,while offensive virulence factors were the most abundant type of *** most dominant types of ARGs in the vector of plasmid and phage were both aminoglycoside resistance,which is concerning as aminoglycosides are often a last resort for treating multi-resistant *** baumannii was the most dominant pathogen,rather than Escherichia coli,and a weak negative correlation between Escherichia coli and two other dominant pathogens(Acinetobacter baumannii and Bacteroides uniformis)suggests that using Escherichia coli as a biological indicator for all pathogens in WWTP effluents may not be *** Getah virus was the most dominant virus found in global WWTP *** study presents a comprehensive global-scale investigation of microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents,providing valuable insights into the potential risks associated with WWTP effluents and contributing to the monitoring and control of these risks.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant Microbial risk factor Effluent Pathogen Antibiotic resistance gene Virulence factor gene

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Degradation behaviors of Nabumetone and its metabolite during UV/monochloramine process:Experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 103-114页

作者： Xiang Tu Yunsong Bai Qing Fu Sheng Chang Kunfeng Zhang Yang Pan Ruiyang Xiao Yifu Fu Qi Zhang State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source ProtectionResearch Centre of Lake EnvironmentNational Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological RestorationChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China institute of environmental Engineering School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

This study investigated degradation behaviors of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nabumetone(NMT)and its major metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid(MNA)in the coupling process of ultraviolet and monochloramine(UV/NH2Cl).The second-order rate constants of the contaminants reacting with reactive radicals(HO·,Cl·,Cl_(2)·-,and CO_(3)·^(-))were determined by laser flash photolysis ***·and Cl·contributed predominantly with 52.3%and 21.7%for NMT degradation and 60.8%and 22.3%for MNA *** presence of chlorides retarded the degradation of NMT,while promoted the destruction of MNA,which was ascribed to the photosensitization effects of MNA under UV *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that radical adduct formation(RAF)was dominant pathway for both HO·and Cl·reacting with the contaminants,and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)preferred to occur on side chains of NMT and *** reacted with NO_(2)·through single electron transfer(SET)with the second-order rate constant calculated to be 5.35×10^(7)(mol/L)^(-1)sec^(-1),and the contribution of NO_(2)·was predicted to be 13.0%of the total rate constant of NMT in pure water,which indicated that NO_(2)·played a nonnegligible role in the degradation of *** acute toxicity and developmental toxicity of NMT were enhanced after UV/NH_(2)Cl treatment,while those of MNA were *** transformation products of both NMT and MNA exhibited higher mutagenicity than their parent *** study provides a deep understanding of the mechanism of radical degradation of NMT and MNA in the treatment of UV/NH2Cl.

关键词： UV/NH_(2)Cl Reactive species Degradation kinetics Reaction mechanism Degradation products

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Anthropogenic noise interacts with the predation risk assessment in a free-ranging bird

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 277-283页

作者： Piotr Matyjasiak Patrycja Chacińska Piotr Książka institute of Biological Sciences Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in WarsawWóycickiego 1/3PL-01-815 WarsawPoland Department of environmental Acoustics Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research InstituteKolektorska 4PL-01-692 WarsawPoland

Anthropogenic noise can affect a number of behavioral,physiological,and ecological aspects of animals from major taxonomic groups,raising serious conservation *** example,noise pollution impacts communicative behavior and perception of signals,movements and distribution,as well as predator–prey interactions,such as hunting success or predator detection and predation risk *** have carried out an experimental playback study,in which we investigated whether exposure to anthropogenic noise(sound of a tractor)distracts free-ranging barn swallows Hirundo rustica from paying attention to an approaching human“predator”(the“cognitive distraction”hypothesis),or whether noise leads to increased responsiveness to this“predator”(the“increased threat”hypothesis).The subjects were male barn swallows attending their breeding territories during the time when the females were *** found that barn swallow males initiated fight at signifcantly greater distances to the approaching human“predator”in the noise treatment than during the quiet control *** results suggest that anthropogenic noise causes increased vigilance and reactivity rather than a distraction,enabling birds to avoid the“predator”more *** further discuss the mechanism behind the increased alertness in response to noise and contrast the“increased threat”mechanism,usually tested in previous studies,with an alternative“cognitive sensitization”mechanism.

关键词： anthropogenic noise barn Swallow cognitive distraction flight initiation distance Hirundo rustica predation risk assessment

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Anion exchange membranes with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network using 1,6-dibromohexane as bifunctional crosslinker

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第8期72卷 199-208页

作者： Aijie Li Zhanliang Wang Zhihao Si Lu Lu Peipei Huang Jinhong Liu Songyuan Yao Peiyong Qin Xinmiao Zhang national Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Paris Curie Engineer School Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China environmental protection research institute Beijing Research Institute of Chemical IndustryBeijing 100000China

An anion exchange membrane(AEM)is generally expected to possess high ion exchange capacity(IEC),low water uptake(WU),and high mechanical strength when applied to electrodialysis *** different types of AEMs,semi-interpenetrating polymer networks(SIPNs)have been suggested for their structural superiorities,i.e.,the tunable local density of ion exchange groups for IEC and the restrained leaching of hygroscopic groups by insolubility for ***,the conventional SIPN AEMs still struggle to balances IEC,WU,and mechanical strength simultaneously,due to the lack of the compact crosslinking *** this work,we proposed a novel SIPN structure of polyvinylidene difluoride/polyvinylimidazole/1,6-dibromohexane(PVDF/PVIm/DBH).On the one hand,DBH with two cationic groups of imidazole groups are introduced to enhance the ion conductivity,which is different from the conventional monofunctional modifier with only one cationic *** the other hand,DBH has the ability to bridge with PVIm,where the mechanical strength of the resulting AEM is increased by the increase of crosslinking *** show that a low WU of 38.1%to 62.6%,high IEC of 2.12—2.22 mmol·g^(-1),and excellent tensile strength of 3.54—12.35 MPa for PVDF/PVIm/DBH membrane are *** work opens a new avenue for achieving the high-quality AEMs.

关键词： Anion exchange membrane Polyvinylidene difluoride Electrodialysis Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks

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New Insights into Microplastic Contamination in Different Types of Leachates: Abundances, Characteristics, and Potential Sources

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 62-68页

作者： Lei Zhang Wentao Zhao Liang Zhang Zhenxiao Cai Ruiqi Yan Xia Yu Damià Barceló Qian Sui State environmental protection Key Laboratory of environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China PerkinElmer Inc.Shanghai 201203China Maihai environmental protection Technology Co. Ltd.SuzhouJiangsu 215000China Department of environmental Chemistry Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water ResearchSpanish Council for Scientific Research(IDAEA-CSIC)Barcelona 08034Spain

Municipal solid waste(MSW)is an important destination for abandoned *** the waste disposal process,large plastic debris is broken down into microplastics(MPs)and released into the ***,current research only focuses on landfill leachates,and the occurrence of MPs in other leachates has not been ***,herein,the abundance and characteristics of MPs in three types of leachates,namely,landfill leachate,residual waste leachate,and household food waste leachate,were studied,all leachates were collected from the largest waste disposal center in *** results showed that the average MP abundances in the different types of leachates ranged from(129±54)to(1288±184)MP particles per liter(particlesL1)and the household food waste leachate exhibited the highest MP abundance(p80%)of small MPs(20–100 lm)in landfill leachates compared to other *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first study discussing the sources of MPs in different leachates,which is important for MP pollution control during MSW disposal.

关键词： Microplastics Landfill leachate Residual waste leachate Household food waste leachate Source

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Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) structure promoted the activity and H_(2)O poisoning resistance of Ce Mn/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst in NH_(3)-SCR

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 523-533,I0004页

作者： Yaqin Hu Shipeng Ding Chenchen Tan Peng Wu Guobo Li Sheng Wang Hongqiang Yang Yaping Zhang Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China State Power environmental protection research institute Nanjing210031China

NH_(3)-SCR is an effective mean of NOxremoval in the non-electric industry, however, the high activation temperature and poor H_(2)O resistance of SCR catalysts posed a barrier to its application. In this work, a series of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) catalysts were synthesized via a colloidal crystal template(CCT) method, and various characterizations were carried out to explore the physicochemical property of catalysts. The experiment results reveal that Ce_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst presents the excellent low-temperature catalytic activity of nearly 100% at 100℃. Furthermore, the enhanced H_(2)O resistance is achieved, certified by the unaffected NO remove at 150℃ in the participation of 15 vol% H_(2)O. The characterizations results exhibit that the improved dispersion of the active component and enhanced redox ability are conducive to the low-temperature catalytic activity. N_(2) adsorption and desorption experiments indicate that catalyst with 3DOM support possesses a larger pore diameter and specific surface area, which may weaken the condensation of H_(2)O in the microporosity of catalysts and improved the H_(2)O resistance of the catalyst. In situ DRIFTS results manifest that Ce_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst could not only absorb more NH_(3) and generate more surface-active sites, but inhibit the competitive adsorption between H_(2)O and SCR reactants.

关键词： 3DOM material NH_(3)-SCR H_(2)O resistance Low-temperature Cerium Rare earths

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Nutrient transport following water transfer through the world's largest water diversion channel

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 703-714页

作者： Yuanhui Cheng Hong Zhang Wei Yin State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085 China Changjiang Water Resources protection institute Wuhan 430051China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Nutrient levels in the artificial channel constructed for the Middle Route Project are significant indicators of water quality safety and aquatic ecological integrity for this large,interbasin ***,the distribution and transport of nutrients along the channel were poorly *** on a time-series dataset as well as mass balance and material flow analysis methods,the water and nutrient transport fluxes in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were identified in this *** results indicate that the nutrient concentrations varied considerably with time,but there was no significant difference among the 30 stations of the main *** temperature difference was the major factor in the large fluctuations of water quality indicators over *** nutrient loadings varied with the water volume outputs from the main channel to the waterreceiving *** deposition was an important source of nutrients in the main channel,accounting for 9.13%,20.6%,and 0.635%of the nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur input from the Danjiangkou Reservoir,*** 2021,a net accumulation of 988 tons of N,29 tons of P,and 2,540 tons of S,respectively,were present in the main *** increase of these external and internal nutrient loadings would cause water quality fluctuation and deterioration in some local sections of the main *** study quantified the spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient transport in the Middle Route and revealed the ecological effects on the aquatic environment,assisting authorities on the project to develop effective water conservation strategies.

关键词： Nutrient transport Spatiotemporal patterns The Middle Route The South-to-North Diversion Project Hydro-ecological effects Water-receiving cities

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Spatial-temporal shifting patterns and in situ conservation of spotted seal(Phoca largha)populations in the Yellow Sea ecoregion

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 307-318页

作者： Hongfei ZHUANG Fei SHAO Chao ZHANG Wancai XIA Shouqiang WANG Fangyuan QU Zongling WANG Zhichuang LU Linlin ZHAO Zhaohui ZHANG First institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoChina Department of Natural Resources of Shandong Province Shandong Forestry Protection and Development Service CenterJinanChina national Park(Protected Areas)development Center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijingChina College of Life Science China West Normal UniversityNanchongChina Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science research institute DalianChina

Understanding the habitat shifting pattern is a prerequisite for implementing in situ conservation of migratory *** seals(Phoca largha)inhabiting the Yellow Sea ecoregion(YSE)comprise a small population with independent genes and represent a charismatic flagship species in this ***,this population has declined by 80%since the 1940s,and increased support from the countries around the YSE is urgently needed to address the potential local extinction risk.A time-series niche model and life-history weighted systematic conservation planning were designed on the basis of a satellite beacon tracking survey(2010–2020)of the YSE *** results showed clustering and spreading shifting patterns during the breeding and migratory seasons,*** closed-loop migration route formed in the YSE indicated that this population might be geographically isolated from populations in other breeding areas around the *** conservation priority area(CPA),with an area of 19632 km^(2)(3.58%of the total YSE area),was the most effective response to the potential in situ ***,nearly 80%of the CPA was exposed outside the existing marine protected areas(MPAs).Future establishment of MPAs in China should strategically consider the conservation gap identified herein,and it is recommended for Korea’s closed fishing season to be spatially set in the western Korean Peninsula from May to *** study also exemplified that the lack of temporal information would lead to the dislocation of niche modeling for migratory species represented by spotted *** should be paid to protecting small and migratory populations in marine biodiversity conservation planning.

关键词： conservation priority area marine protected area migration seasonal management spotted seal

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Cloud-Model-Based Feature Engineering to Analyze the Energy-Water Nexus of a Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 63-75页

作者： Shan-Shan Yang Xin-Lei Yu Chen-Hao Cui Jie Ding Lei He Wei Dai Han-Jun Sun Shun-Wen Bai Yu Tao Ji-Wei Pang Nan-Qi Ren State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150000China Key Laboratory of environmental Biotechnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Civil and environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China China Energy Conservation and environmental protection Group Beijing 100089China

Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are important and energy-intensive municipal *** energy consumption and relatively low operating performance are major challenges from the perspective of carbon ***,water-energy nexus analysis and models for WWTPs have rarely been reported to *** this study,a cloud-model-based energy consumption analysis(CMECA)of a WWTP was conducted to explore the relationship between influent and energy consumption by clustering its influent’s *** principal component analysis(PCA)and K-means clustering were applied to classify the influent condition using water quality and volume *** energy consumption of the WWTP is divided into five standard evaluation levels,and its cloud digital characteristics(CDCs)were extracted according to bilateral constraints and golden ratio *** results showed that the energy consumption distribution gradually dispersed and deviated from the Gaussian distribution with decreased water concentration and *** days with high energy efficiency were extracted via the clustering method from the influent category of excessive energy consumption,represented by a compact-type energy consumption distribution curve to identify the influent conditions that affect the steady distribution of energy *** local WWTP has high energy consumption with 0.3613 kW·h·m^(-3)despite low influent concentration and volumes,across four consumption levels from low(I)to relatively high(IV),showing an unsatisfactory operation and management *** average oxygenation capacity,internal reflux ratio,and external reflux ratio during high energy efficiency days recognized by further clustering were obtained(0.2924-0.3703 kg O_(2)·m^(-3),1.9576-2.4787,and 0.6603-0.8361,respectively),which could be used as a guide for the days with low energy ***,this study offers a water-energy nexus analysis method to identify influent conditions with operational manageme

关键词： Wastewater treatment plants Cloud-model theory Data mining Principal component analysis K-means clustering Cloud-model-based energy consumption analysis

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