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Developing Skills in Intra-Workplace Rehabilitation Education: Paper III

Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第1期12卷 70-100页

作者： Fukumi Hiragami Research institute of health and welfare Kibi International University Takahashi Japan

Rehabilitation is a medical discipline which is needed wherever people have lost full functionality, and it is needed increasingly in noncommunicable diseases, such as neurological problems, but also, and perhaps more importantly, in middle- and high-income countries, where populations are growing more aged. The burden is borne by the health care systems, especially where family cannot take the full load of care. Rehabilitation is also a discipline which is carried out most effectively in multi- or interdisciplinary teams, which carry their own weight of learning and group tensions. They are also bound to consider best practice guidelines. Furthermore, there is also a wide gap between learning in college or university and practice in the ward which leads to a loss of confidence in newly trained medical and paramedical personnel such as doctors, nurses, physiatrists, occupational therapists and physiotherapists. There is a genuine need for expert rehabilitation specialists who can mediate within teams as well as between groups and patients and their families. This paper lays out the range of considerations such a rehabilitation therapist must have under their belt. A model is presented. There are also two sets of parameters when using the model in practice. The first is the levels at which it works: hospital, departmental and individual. Then there are the specific challenges. Curriculum practice guidelines work at the hospital and departmental and professional levels;teamwork with its intrinsic challenges is of paramount importance;finally, the individuals will learn how to represent their insights in writing, most specifically represented in full-blown case reports. If the levels and roles coordinate, rehabilitation medicine should develop favourably.

关键词： Rehabilitation Clinical Practice Teamwork Case Studies Writing up Case Reports

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Intertwined depressive and cognitive trajectories and the risk of dementia and death in older adults:a competing risk analysis

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 207-215页

作者： Ziyang Ren Lirong Nie Yushan Du Jufen Liu institute of Reproductive and Child health/national health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive health Peking UniversityBeijingChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Background Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment often interact,rendering their associations *** date,their joint trajectories and associations with dementia and death remain *** To explore the interactions between depressive symptoms and cognitive function,their developmental trajectories and the associations with all-cause dementia,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and all-cause death in older *** Data were from the health and Retirement *** symptoms and cognitive function were measured using the 8-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status,***-cause dementia and AD were defined by self-reported or proxy-reported physician ***-cause death was determined by *** restricted cubic spline,group-based trajectory modelling and subdistribution hazard regression were *** Significant interactions between depressive symptoms and cognitive function in 2010 in their association with new-onset all-cause dementia and AD from 2010 to 2020 were found,especially in women(p for interaction<0.05).Independent trajectory analysis showed that emerging or high(vs no)depressive trajectories and poor or rapidly decreased cognitive trajectories(vs very good)from 1996 to 2010 were at significantly higher risk of subsequent all-cause dementia,AD and all-cause death.15 joint trajectories of depressive symptoms and cognitive function from 1996 to 2010 were determined,where rapidly decreased cognitive function was more common in those with no depressive *** with older adults with the trajectory of no depressive symptoms and very good cognitive function,those with the trajectory of no depressive symptoms but rapidly decreased cognitive function were much more likely to develop new-onset all-cause dementia and death,with subdistribution hazard ratios(95%confidence intervals)of 4.47(2.99 to 6.67)and 1.84(1.43 to 2.36),especially in wome

关键词： death analysis rendering

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Network analysis of suicide ideation and depression-anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 216-223页

作者： Shuyin Xu Yumeng Ju Xiyu Wei Wenwen Ou Mohan Ma Guanyi Lv Xiaotian Zhao Yaqi Qin Yunjing Li Liang Li Mei Huang Siqi Yang Yimei Lu Yafei Chen Junwu Liu Jin Liu Bangshan Liu Yan Zhang Department of Psychiatry National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disordersand National Center for Mental DisordersThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Mental health institute of Central South University China National Technology Institute on Mental DisordersHunan Technology Institute of PsychiatryHunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental HealthHunan Medical Center for Mental HealthChangshaHunanChina

Background The co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among adolescents is typically associated with suicide *** The study aimed to investigate the symptom-level relationship between suicide ideation and the comorbidity of depression and *** 1501 adolescents aged 12-19 years were assessed using the Patient health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,and 716 adolescents who scored≥5 on both scales were selected as *** analysis was used to identify the network structure of depressive symptoms and anxiety *** were categorised into either the suicide ideation or non-suicide ideation groups based on their scoring on the suicide-related item in PHQ-9.A comparison was made between the depression-anxiety symptom networks of the two ***‘Restlessness’,‘sad mood’and‘trouble relaxing’were the most prominent central symptoms in the depression-anxiety symptom network,and‘restlessness’,‘nervousness’and‘reduced movement’were the bridge symptoms in this network.‘Sad mood’was found to be directly related to‘suicide ideation’with the highest *** network structure was significantly different in properties between the suicide ideation group and the non-suicide ideation group,with‘restlessness’and‘sad mood’exhibiting significantly higher influence in the network of the suicide ideation group than that in the non-suicide ideation *** Restlessness and sad mood could be targeted for the intervention of depression-anxiety symptoms among adolescents with suicide ideation.

关键词： symptoms adolescent assessed

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Epidemiological Characteristics of Fracture Among Children Aged 6-17 Years-China,2019-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第32期6卷 799-803,I0001页

作者： Lu Cui Qian Gan Juan Xu Peipei Xu Titi Yang Wei Cao Hongliang Wang Haoyan Guo Ruihe Luo Jianfen Zhang Hui Pan Wenhua Zhao Zhenyu Yang Yuxiang Yan Qian Zhang Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina national institute for Nutrition and health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and health National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Fractures are a common and serious injury among *** many studies have utilized clinical data,there is a lack of large-scale community-based research in *** is added by this report?This cross-sectional study provides national and regionally representative data on the prevalence of fractures among Chinese children aged 6–17 years(6.93%),with higher rates observed in males than in females(8.13%vs.5.71%)and in rural areas compared to urban areas(7.22%vs.6.62%).The most common site of fracture was the upper limbs(4.24%,accounting for 63.0%of fractures).What are the implications for public health practice?The need to enhance awareness of fracture prevention is critical,particularly for children in rural areas and males in middle *** recommend that local authorities increase investments in educational programs and child safety ***,promoting balanced diets for children,training in proper exercise techniques,and reinforcing participation in outdoor sports are essential.

关键词： prevention utilized children

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health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu institute of Reproductive and Child health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University national&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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New glucocerebrosidase antibodies can advance research in the field of neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1085-1086页

作者： Charis Ma Krystyna Rytel Yu Chen Ellen Sidransky Medical Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

In medical research,there are times when the introduction of a new tool can launch scientific discovery in new *** antibody development may be considered mundane,in the field of glucocerebrosidase(GCase)research,the dearth of validated antibodies for different applications has impeded progress in studies of disease pathogenesis and therapeutic *** recent introduction of new,rigorously evaluated antibodies can now propel research into the link between glucocerebrosidase and Parkinson’s disease(PD)as well as aspects of the pathobiology of Gaucher disease(Jong et al.,2024).

关键词： antibodies cerebro

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Imprinting at the KBTBD6 locus involves species-specific m ternal methylation and monoallelic expression in livestock animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 127-145页

作者： Jinsoo Ahn In-Sul Hwang Mi-Ryung Park Seongsoo Hwang Kichoon Lee Department of Animal Sciences The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Animal Biotechnology Division Rural Development AdministrationNational Institute of Animal ScienceJeonbuk 55365Republic of Korea Columbia Center for Translational Immunology Columbia University Irving Medical CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032USA Animal welfare Research Team National Institute of Animal ScienceRDA1500Kongjwipatjwi‑roJeollabuk‑do 55365Republic of Korea

Background The primary differentially methylated regions(DMRs) which are maternally hypermethylated serve as imprinting control regions(ICRs) that drive monoallelic gene expression, and these ICRs have been investigated due to their implications in mammalian development. Although a subset of genes has been identified as imprinted, in-depth comparative approach needs to be developed for identification of species-specific imprinted genes. Here, we examined DNA methylation status and allelic expression at the KBTBD6 locus across species and tissues and explored potential mechanisms of *** Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA-sequencing on parthenogenetic and normal porcine embryos, we identified a maternally hypermethylated DMR between the embryos at the KBTBD6 promoter Cp G island and paternal monoallelic expression of KBTBD6. Also, in analyzed domesticated mammals but not in humans, non-human primates and mice, the KBTBD6 promoter Cp G islands were methylated in oocytes and/or allelically methyl-ated in tissues, and monoallelic KBTBD6 expression was observed, indicating livestock-specific imprinting. Further analysis revealed that these Cp G islands were embedded within transcripts in porcine and bovine oocytes which coexisted with an active transcription mark and DNA methylation, implying the presence of transcription-dependent *** In this study, our comparative approach revealed an imprinted expression of the KBTBD6 gene in domesticated mammals, but not in humans, non-human primates, and mice which implicates species-specific evolution of genomic imprinting.

关键词： Differentially methylated region Domesticated mammal Imprinting KBTBD6 Parthenogenetic

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Anti-epileptic and Neuroprotective Effects of Ultra-low Dose NADPH Oxidase Inhibitor Dextromethorphan on Kainic Acid-induced Chronic Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Rats

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第5期40卷 577-593页

作者： Yang J.-J. Liu Y.-X. Wang Y.-F. Ge B.-Y. Wang Y. Wang Q.-S. Li S. Zhang J.-J. Jin L.-L. Hong J.-S. Yin S.-M. Zhao J. College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044 China Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian 116011 China national and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Research and Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases Dalian 116044 China School of Public health Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044 China Neurobiology Laboratory National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park Durham 27709 NC United States

Neuroinflammation mediated by microglia and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in the development of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We postulated that kainic acid (KA)-Induced status epilepticus triggers microglia-dependent inflammation, leading to neuronal damage, a lowered seizure threshold, and the emergence of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS). Extensive evidence from our laboratory suggests that dextromethorphan (DM), even in ultra-low doses, has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in many animal models of neurodegenerative disease. Our results showed that administration of DM (10 ng/kg per day; subcutaneously via osmotic minipump for 4 weeks) significantly mitigated the residual effects of KA, including the frequency of SRS and seizure susceptibility. In addition, DM-treated rats showed improved cognitive function and reduced hippocampal neuronal loss. We found suppressed microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation and decreased expression of hippocampal gp91phox and p47phox proteins in KA-induced chronic TLE rats. Notably, even after discontinuation of DM treatment, ultra-low doses of DM continued to confer long-term anti-seizure and neuroprotective effects, which were attributed to the inhibition of microglial NADPH oxidase 2 as revealed by mechanistic studies. © Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 2023.

关键词： Dextromethorphan NADPH oxidase Temporal lobe epilepsy Ultra-low dose

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Geochemistry of volcanic glass from Mahanadi offshore region,eastern continental margin of India:Constraints on the contribution of latest Toba super-eruption

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 111-119页

作者： Muralidhar Kocherla Durbar Ray Manavalan Satyanarayanan Hilda Joao Virsen Gaikwad PB Ramamurty CSIR-national institute of Oceanography Dona Paula 403004GoaIndia CSIR-national Geophysical Research institute Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India

The tephra layers in multiple sediment cores from the offshore region of the Mahanadi basin in the northern Bay of Bengal were investigated for possible volcanic sources. The glass shards from those tephra layers were studied for size distribution, texture, and elemental geochemistry to establish chronostratigraphic markers for regional and global Quaternary correlation. The textural features of fine-grained(silty) volcanic glasses suggest the distal source of these tephra deposits. Major element composition with elevated SiO_(2) contents ranging between75%–76% and dominance of K_(2)O(> 4.5%) over CaO(< 0.9%) suggest ashes have originated from siliceous rhyolitic melts, similar to the petrographic composition of tephra from the Toba volcano. The bulk trace element compositions of the same glass shards were comparable with those reported in the youngest Toba tephra reported elsewhere. Likewise, the LREE-dominated chondrite normalized REE profiles of tephra from the Mahanadi basin closely resemble the characteristic REE patterns in Toba ash from other parts of the Indian Ocean and thus confirmed the contribution of the youngest Toba super-eruption for this ash layers.

关键词： Mahanadi basin Bay of Bengal volcanic glass glass morphology glass-chemistry

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Serological Investigation into the Infected Genotypes of Patients with Japanese Encephalitis in the Coastal Provinces of China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期37卷 716-725页

作者： Weijia Zhang Jierong Zhao Qikai Yin Shenghui Liu Ruichen Wang Shihong Fu Fan Li Ying He Kai Nie Guodong Liang Songtao Xu Guang Yang Huanyu Wang national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China School of Basic Medicine and Public health Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510000GuangdongChina

Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains *** searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis(JE)in the coastal provinces of *** In this study,we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China(Guangdong,Zhejiang,and Shandong)from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1,G3,and *** Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong(92 patients),Zhejiang(192 patients),and Guangdong(77 patients),China,from 2018 to *** of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with *** cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV,32 with G3 JEV,and two with G5 *** G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype,and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.

关键词： Japanese encephalitis virus Serological investigation Plaque reduction neutralization test Cross-neutralization test Genotype

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