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Triceps skinfold thickness trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality:A prospective cohort study

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2568-2577页

作者： Na Yang Li-Yun He Zi-Yi Li Yu-Cheng Yang Fan Ping Ling-Ling Xu Wei Li Hua-Bing Zhang Yu-Xiu Li Department of endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health CommissionPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

BACKGROUND The measurement of triceps skinfold(TSF)thickness serves as a noninvasive metric for evaluating subcutaneous fat distribution.Despite its clinical utility,the TSF thickness trajectories and their correlation with overall mortality have not been thoroughly investigated.AIM To explore TSF thickness trajectories of Chinese adults and to examine their associations with all-cause mortality.METHODS This study encompassed a cohort of 14747 adults sourced from the China health and Nutrition Survey.Latent class trajectory modeling was employed to identify distinct trajectories of TSF thickness.Subjects were classified into subgroups reflective of their respective TSF thickness trajectory.We utilized multivariate Cox regression analyses and mediation examinations to explore the link between TSF thickness trajectory and overall mortality,including contributory factors.RESULTS Upon adjustment for multiple confounding factors,we discerned that males in the‘Class 2:Thin-stable’and‘Class 3:Thin-moderate’TSF thickness trajectories exhibited a markedly reduced risk of mortality from all causes in comparison to the‘Class 1:Extremely thin’subgroup.In the mediation analyses,the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index was found to be a partial intermediary in the relationship between TSF thickness trajectories and mortality.For females,a lower TSF thickness pattern was significantly predictive of elevated all-cause mortality risk exclusively within the non-elderly cohort.CONCLUSION In males and non-elderly females,lower TSF thickness trajectories are significantly predictive of heightened mortality risk,independent of single-point TSF thickness,body mass index,and waist circumference.

关键词： Triceps skinfold thickness Trajectory All-cause mortality Body mass index Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index

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Update on enteroviral protease 2A:Structure,function,and host factor interaction

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Biosafety and health 2023年第6期5卷 331-338页

作者： Ying Liu Jichen Li Yong Zhang national laboratory for Poliomyelitis WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference LaboratoryNational Health Commission Key Laboratory for BiosafetyNational Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical VirologyNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Enteroviruses(EVs)are human pathogens commonly observed in children aged 0–5 years and adults.EV infections usually cause the common cold and hand-foot-and-mouth disease;however,more severe infections can result in multiorgan complications,such as polio,aseptic meningitis,and myocarditis.The molecular mechanisms by which enteroviruses cause these diseases are still poorly understood,but accumulating evidence points to two enterovirus proteases,2Apro and 3Cpro,as the key players in pathogenesis.The 2Apro performs post-translational proteolytic processing of viral polyproteins and cleaves several host factors to evade antiviral immune responses and promote viral replication.It was also discovered that coxsackievirus-induced cardiomyopathy was caused by 2Apro-mediated cleavage of dystrophin in cardiomyocytes,indicating that cellular protein proteolysis may play a key role in enterovirus-associated diseases.Therefore,studies of 2Apro could reveal additional substrates that may be associated with specific diseases.Here,we discuss the genetic and structural properties of 2Apro and review how the protease antagonizes innate immune responses to promote viral replication,as well as novel substrates and mechanisms for 2Apro.We also summarize the current approaches for identifying the substrates of 2Apro to discover novel mechanisms relating to certain diseases.

关键词： Enterovirus Protease 2A Structure Function Host factor interaction

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Early-life nutrition and metabolic disorders in later life:a new perspective on energy metabolism

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第16期133卷 1961-1970页

作者： Li-Yuan Zhou Ming-Qun Deng Qian Zhang Xin-Hua Xiao key laboratory of endocrinology of national health commission Department of EndocrinologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic disorders have become an epidemic globally.However,the pathogenesis remains largely unclear and the prevention and treatment are still limited.In addition to environmental factors during adulthood,early life is the critical developmental window with high tissue plasticity,which might be modified by external environmental cues.Substantial evidence has demonstrated the vital role of early-life nutrition in programming the metabolic disorders in later life.In this review,we aim to overview the concepts of fetal programming and investigate the effects of early-life nutrition on energy metabolism in later life and the potential epigenetic mechanism.The related studies published on PubMed database up to March 2020 were included.The results showed that both maternal overnutrition and undernutrition increased the riskes of metabolic disorders in offspring and epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation,miRNAs,and histone modification,might be the vital mediators.The beneficial effects of early-life lifestyle modifications as well as dietary and nutritional interventions on these deleterious metabolic remolding were initially observed.Overall,characterizing the early-life malnutrition that reshapes metabolic disease trajectories may yield novel targets for early prevention and intervention and provide a new point of view to the energy metabolism.

关键词： Early-life nutrition Energy metabolism Epigenetics In later life

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Neglected Zoonotic Monkeypox in Africa but Now Back in the Spotlight Worldwide

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China CDC weekly 2022年第38期4卷 847-848页

作者： Wenjie Tan George F.Gao key laboratory of Biosafety National Health CommissionNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChina CDCBeijingChina

On July 23,2022,the World health Organization(WHO)Director-General,Dr.Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus claimed monkeypox a Public health Emergency of International Concern(PHEIC),the 7th such an event in the 21st century(1).This is an alarming challenge to the world while we are still combating the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Until mid-August,approximately 40 thousand cases had been reported in more than 89 nations and regions worldwide(2).

关键词： Director claimed World

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Genotype-phenotype relationship in a large cohort of osteogenesis imperfecta patients with COL1A1 mutations revealed by a new scoring system

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第2期132卷 145-153页

作者： Lu-Jiao Li Fang Lyu Yu-Wen Song Ou Wang Yan Jiang Wei-Bo Xia Xiao-Ping Xing Mei Li Department of endocrinology National Health Commission Key Laboratory of EndocrinologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Background:Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a heritable bone fragility disorder, is mainly caused by mutations in COL1A1 gene encoding α1 chain of type I collagen.This study aimed to investigate the COL1A1 mutation spectrum and quantitatively assess the genotype-phenotype relationship in a large cohort of Chinese patients with OI.Methods:A total of 161 patients who were diagnosed as OI in Department of endocrinology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to December 2017 were included in the study.The COL1A1 mutation spectrum was identified by next generation sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.A new clinical scoring system was developed to quantitatively assess the clinical severity of OI and the genotype-phenotype relationship was analyzed.The independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U-test, Chi-squared test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression were applied for statistical analyses.Results:Among 161 patients with OI, 32.9% missense mutations, 16.8% non-sense mutations, 24.2% splice-site mutations, 24.8% frameshift mutations, and 1.2% whole-gene deletions were identified, of which 38 variations were novel.These mutations led to 53 patients carrying qualitative defects and 67 patients carrying quantitative defects in type I collagen.Compared to patients with quantitative mutations, patients with qualitative mutations had lower alkaline phosphatase level (296 [132, 346] U/L vs.218 [136, 284] U/L, P=0.009) and higher clinical score (12.2 ± 5.3 vs.7.4 ± 2.4, P<0.001), denoting more severe phenotypes including shorter stature, lower bone mineral density, higher fracture frequency, more bone deformity, vertebral compressive fractures, limited movement, and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI).Patients would not present with DI if the glycine substitutions happened before the 79th amino acid in triple helix of α1 chains .Conclusions:This presented distinctive COL1A1 mutation spectrum in a large cohort of Chinese patients with OI.This new quantitative analysis of

关键词： Osteogenesis imperfecta COL1A1 Clinical scoring system Genotype Phenotype

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Novaferon Effectively Inhibits Ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron Variant in Vitro,2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第23期4卷 509-512页

作者： Fei Ye Baoying Huang Li Zhao Yao Deng Jiao Ren Wenjie Tan national health commission(NHC)key laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:To identify Novaferon(Nova),a novel recombinant protein of interferon(IFN)-α,antiviral activity against ancestral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and Omicron variant in vitro.Methods:Vero cells were infected with SARSCoV-2 and Omicron variant in a biosafety level-3 laboratory.And viral replications were accessed using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results:Results demonstrated that Nova has effective inhibition against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variant in vitro.Discussion:The in vivo effects of Nova need to be further tested in animal models.And large-scale randomized double-blind clinical trials are needed to reveal its potentially clinical application.

关键词： feron interferon clinical

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Pathogenesis of enterovirus infection in central nervous system

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生物安全与健康(英文) 2023年第4期5卷 233-239页

作者： Congcong Wang Jichen Li Ying Liu Qiang Sun Zhijun Liu Department of Medical Microbiology Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261053China national Polio laboratory and WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference laboratory National Health Commission Key Laboratory for BiosafetyNational Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical VirologyNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Enteroviruses (EVs) are classified into 15 species according to their sequence diversity. They include four human EV (A, B, C, and D) and three rhinoviruses (A, B, and C), and cause diseases in millions of people worldwide. Generally, individuals with enteroviral infections have mild clinical symptoms, including respiratory illness, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, and fever. More importantly, some members of the human EV family are neurotropic pathogens that may cause a wide range of clinical diseases, such as aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Previously, the EV that caused the most severe neurotropic symptoms was poliovirus (PV), a member of the EV C group. Poliovirus has been eliminated in most countries through a global vaccination campaign. Non-PV EVs infect the central nervous system (CNS) and are the major EVs causing neurological diseases. These human non-PV EVs include EV A (e.g., EV-A71, CVA6, and CVA16), B (e.g., CVA9 and CVB3, CVB5, echovirus 11 [E11], E30, and E7), C (e.g., CVA24), and D (e.g., EV-D68). Here, we review the relationship between EV infection and CNS diseases and advance in the use of cellular receptors and host immune responses during viral infection.

关键词： Enterovirus Central nervous system Neurotropic Immune response

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Sequencing the Complete Genome of COVID-19 Virus from Clinical Samples Using the Sanger Method

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China CDC weekly 2020年第25期2卷 447-452页

作者： Roujian Lu Peihua Niu Li Zhao Huijuan Wang Wenling Wang Wenjie Tan key laboratory of Biosafety National Health and Family Planning CommissionNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChina CDCBeijingChina

What is already known on this topic?Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a disease caused by a novel human coronavirus named the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)or COVID-19 virus,was reported in December 2019.Complete genomes of the COVID-19 virus from clinical samples using next generation sequencing(NGS)have been reported.What is added by this report?Here we provide the technical data for sequencing complete genome of COVID-19 virus from clinical samples using the Sanger method.Two complete COVID-19 virus genome sequences(named WH19004-S and GX0002)were obtained from clinical samples of COVID-19 patients,and two single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in ORF7a(T/C,nt 27,493)and ORF8(T/C,nt 28,253)of WH19004-S were identified by Sanger sequencing.What are the implications for public health practice?The COVID-19 virus genome sequencing by Sanger method reported here could be used to generate data of high enough quality without requirement for expensive NGS equipment,which support sequencing complete genomes from clinical samples and monitoring of viral genetic variations of COVID-19 infections.

关键词： Sanger clinical acute

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Three Novel Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for Detection of COVID-19 Virus

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China CDC weekly 2020年第25期2卷 453-457页

作者： Peihua Niu Roujian Lu Li Zhao Huijuan Wang Baoying Huang Fei Ye Wenling Wang Wenjie Tan key laboratory of Biosafety National Health and Family Planning CommissionNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChina CDCBeijingChina

What is already known on this topic?A novel human coronavirus,known as SARS-CoV-2 or 2019-nCoV,is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We have released the primers and probes of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(rRT-PCR)assays for the laboratory detection of COVID-19 infection.What is added by this report?Here we provide detailed technical data and evaluate the performance of three novel rRT-PCR assays targeting the ORF1ab,N,and E genes for detection of COVID-19 infection.The application of rRT-PCR assays among four types of specimens(alveolar lavage,sputum,throat swabs,and stool)from patients with COVID-19 indicated that the mean viral loads detected in sputum were higher than other specimens.What are the implications for public health practice?These rRT-PCR assays reported here could be used for laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 infection with high sensitivity,specificity,and applicability.Sputum rather than throat swabs and stool should be a priority for specimen collection for laboratory detection of COVID-19.

关键词： diagnosis specificity stool

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Secular trends and urban–rural disparities in the median age at menarche among Chinese han girls from 1985 to 2019

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第12期19卷 1162-1168页

作者： Ning Ma Di Shi Jia-Jia Dang Pan-Liang Zhong Yun-Fei Liu Shan Cai Yan-Hui Dong Pei-Jin Hu Jun Ma Yi Song Institute of Child and Adolescent health School of Public HealthPeking UniversityNo.38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing100191China national health commission key laboratory of Reproductive health Beijing100191China

Background Menarche is a substantial milestone of female puberty.Timing of age at menarche is considered the key to understanding the potential linkages with women’s health outcomes later in life.This study aimed to explore the secular trends and urban‒rural disparities in the median age at menarche among Chinese Han girls from 1985 to 2019.Methods Data were extracted from the 1985,1995,2005,2014,and 2019 Chinese national Surveys on Students’Constitution and health,which were nationally representative cross-sectional studies,and a total of 173,535 Han girls aged 9–18 years were examined.Girls were asked whether menarche had occurred.The median age at menarche was estimated by probit analysis.Z tests were used to compare the differences between survey years and between urban and rural areas.Results The median age at menarche among Chinese Han girls decreased from 13.37 years in 1985 to 12.00 years in 2019,and the overall decrease was more significant in rural areas(1.77 years)than in urban areas(0.99 years).The average five-year change in the decrease in the median age at menarche showed an accelerating and then slowing pace;and it was observed similarly in both urban and rural areas.The urban‒rural disparities shrank from 0.64 years in 1985 to 0.44 years in 1995,then to 0.27 years in 2005,0.24 years in 2014,and finally to−0.14 years in 2019.Conclusions The median age at menarche among Chinese Han girls continued to decline from 1985 to 2019 but at a slowing pace in the last five years.Urban‒rural disparities gradually narrowed.Sexual and reproductive health education and interventions to prevent the decline in the age of menarche are needed,especially in rural areas.

关键词： Menarche Puberty Sexual development Trends Urban-rural inequality

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