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The Grey-backed Shrike parents adopt brood survival strategy in both the egg and nestling phases

Avian research 2021年第1期12卷 76-85页

作者： Liqing Fan Lifang Gao Zhenqin Zhu Xiaodan Zhang Wen Zhang Haiyang Zhang Jianchuan Li Bo Du national forest ecosystem observation&research station of Nyingchi tibet Institute of Plateau EcologyTibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry UniversityLinzhi 860000China Key Laboratory of forest Ecology in tibet Plateau Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry UniversityLinzhi 860000China School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa 850000China

Background:Great diversity exists in the parenting pattern of altricial birds,which has long been considered as an adaptive response to specific environmental conditions but not to their life-history ***:We examined the egg-laying and nestling-raising pattern of the Grey-backed Shrike(Lanius tephronotus)that breeds only once a year on the tibetan *** compared the dietary composition to that of its sympatric competitor,the Brown-cheeked Laughing Thrush(Trochalopteron henrici)that breeds twice a ***:Female Grey-backed Shrikes produced a fixed clutch size of five,with increasing egg size by their laying *** last offspring in the brood is disadvantageous in the size hierarchy because it hatches ***,they had the largest fledgling body *** findings indicate that Grey-backed Shrikes adopt the brood survival strategy in both the egg and nestling ***,males and females exhibit no sexual division in providing parental care as they made an equal contribution to the total amount of food delivered to their *** parenting pattern of Grey-backed Shrikes,as well as their dietary items,differ significantly from those of the Brown-cheeked Laughing ***:We suggest that the differentiation in life-history style between sympatric competitors,rather than a behavioral response to specific environmental conditions,plays a decisive role in driving avian parenting strategy diversification.

关键词： Brood survival strategy Food types Lanius tephronotus Parenting pattern Provisioning rate

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Cloning of four DREB genes from tibetan Sophora moorcroftiana and analysis of their expression during abiotic stress

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Journal of forestry research 2016年第3期27卷 675-683页

作者： Weijie Yao Yaru Fu Yanfu Zhang Hui-e Li Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College Tibet University Linzhi 860000 Tibet People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of forest Ecology in tibet Plateau (tibet University) Ministry of Education Linzhi 860000 TibetPeople's Republic of China national Key station for Field Scientific observation &Experiment Linzhi 860000 Tibet People's Republic of China

Sophora moorcroftiana is an endemic, droughtresistant shrub that grows in tibet and has some degree of resistance to salt, cold, heat, and drought. In the present study, four dehydration responsive element-binding（DREB） genes（Sm DREB1, Sm DREB2, Sm DREB and Sm DREB1） were isolated from S. moorcroftiana for the first time and their expression and proline content under abiotic stress were analyzed. Proline accumulated in seedlings under drought, salt, cold, and heat stress treatments. The four genes were variously expressed in response to the four abiotic stresses. Sm DREB1 was induced by drought, cold, and heat stresses; Sm DREB2 and Sm DREB4 were both induced by salt, cold, and heat stresses, whereas Sm DREB3 was induced by drought and heat stresses. Thus, these four genes may participate in conferring tolerance to these four abiotic stresses and are candidate genes for genetic engineering in the future.

关键词： Proline content Expression profile Droughtstress Salt stress - Cold stress Heat stress

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Influence of topography,soil properties and plant community on the biomass of Abies georgei *** seedlings in Southeast tibet

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第9期19卷 2664-2677页

作者： ZHANG Xin-sheng ZHOU Chen-ni LU Jie Institute of tibet Plateau Ecology Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of forest Ecology in tibet Plateau Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityMinistry of EducationNyingchi 860000China linzhi national forest ecosystem observation&research station of tibet Nyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological Security in tibet Nyingchi 86000China

Biomass of seedlings at different developing stages of growth is important information for studying the response of species to site *** objectives of this study was to explore the distribution characteristics of AGB(above-ground biomass)and BGB(below-ground biomass)of Abies georgei *** seedlings of different ages,and investigate the effects of topography(slope aspect,altitude),plant community characteristics(crown density,species diversity,etc.),and soil properties(soil physical and chemical properties)on the biomass and its *** in five age classes(1–2,3–4,5–6,7–8,and 9–10 years old)were collected by full excavation from 6 elevations(3800 m,3900 m,4000 m,4100 m,4200 m,4300 m)on the north and south slopes of Sejila Mountain in tibet.15seedlings of each age class were investigated at one *** individual effects of seedling age(SA)and the interaction effects of SA,slope aspect(SL),and elevation(EG),namely,SL×EG,SL×SA,EG×SA,and SL×EG×SA,had significant effects on the AGB of the seedlings(p<0.05),whereas BGB was only significantly affected by SA(p<0.001).The AGB and BGB of the seedlings showed a binomial growth trend with the increase in seedling age,and had an allometric relationship at different elevations,α(allometric exponential)varied from 0.913 to 1.046 in the northern slope,and from 1.004 to 1.268 in the southern *** biomass of seedlings on the northern slope was remarkably affected by stand factors,with a contribution rate of 47.8%,whereas that on the southern slope was considerably affected by soil factors with a contribution rate of 53.2%.The results showed that age was the most important factor affecting seedling *** allometric pattern of seedling biomass was relatively stable,but in a highaltitude habitat,*** *** seedlings increased the input of *** seedling biomass allocation and its influencing factors is useful for evaluating plants’ability to acquire resources and surviv

关键词： Biomass allocation Allometric relationship Stand characteristic Soil factors Abies georgei var.smithii seedlings Sejila Mountain,tibet

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The origin of invasion of an alien frog species in tibet, China

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 615-621页

作者： Supen WANG Liqing FAN Conghui LIU Jiaqi LI Xu GAO Wei ZHU Yiming LI Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Beijing 100101 China Institute of Plateau Ecology Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Bayi Town Linzhi County Xizang Province 860000 China national forest ecosystem observation & research station of tibet linzhi Linzhi 860000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences under Ministry of Environmental Protection of China Nanjing 210042 China

Identifying the origins of alien species has important implications for effectively controlling the spread of alien species. The black-spotted frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus, originally from East Asia, has become an alien species on the tibetan Plateau （TP）. In this study, we collected 300 individuals of P. nigromaculatus from 13 native regions and 2 invasive regions （including Nyingchi and Lhasa） on the TP. To identify the source region of the TP introductions, we sequenced portions of the mitochondrial cyt b gene. We sequenced a -600-bp portion of the mitochondrial cyt b gene to identify 69 haplotypes （124 polymorphic sites） in all sampled populations. According to the network results, we suggest that the P. nigromaculatus found on the TP was most likely originated from Chongqing by human introduction. Furthermore, we found that the genetic diversity was significantly lower for invasive than for native sites due to founder effects. Our study provides genetic evidence that this alien species invaded the cold environment of high elevations and expanded the distribution of P. nigromaculatus in China.

关键词： alien species amphibians chytridiomycosis cold environment invasion genetics invasion route Sbetan Plateau.

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Deterministic processes drive turnover-dominated beta diversity of breeding birds along the central Himalayan elevation gradient

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Avian research 2024年第2期15卷 163-171页

作者： Zhifeng Ding Jianchao Liang Le Yang Cong Wei Huijian Hu Xingfeng Si Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Institute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong510260China tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa850001China Zhejiang Zhoushan Island ecosystem observation and research station Institute of Eco-ChongmingZhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China

Beta diversity,the variation of community composition among sites,bridges alpha and gamma diversity and can reveal the mechanisms of community assembly through applying distance-decay models and/or partitioning beta diversity into turnover and nestedness components from functional and phylogenetic *** as the most natural experiment system provide good opportunities for exploring beta diversity patterns and the underlying ecological ***,we simultaneously consider distance-decay models and multiple di-mensions of beta diversity to examine spatial variations of bird communities,and to evaluate the relative importance of niche-based and neutral community assembly mechanisms along a 3600-m elevational gradient in the central Himalayas,*** results showed that species turnover dominates taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta *** observed strongest evidence of spatial distance decays in taxonomic similarities of birds,followed by its phylogenetic and functional *** component was highest in taxonomic beta diversity,while nestedness component was highest in functional beta ***,all correlations of assemblage similarity with climatic distance were higher than that with spatial *** values of overall taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity and their turnover components increase with increasing elevational distance,while the standardized values of taxonomic and phylogenetic nestedness decreased with increasing elevational *** results highlighted the niche-based deterministic processes in shaping elevational bird diversity patterns that were determined by the relative roles of decreasing trend of environmental filtering and increasing trend of limiting similarity along elevation distances.

关键词： Beta diversity Bird Community assembly Functional trait Himalaya Nestedenss Phylogenetic distance Turnover

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Response of ecosystem Respiration to Experimental Warming and Clipping at Daily Time Scale in an Alpine Meadow of tibet

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第3期10卷 455-463页

作者： FU Gang SHEN Zhen-xi ZHANG Xian-zhou YU Cheng-qun ZHOU Yu-ting LI Yun-long YANG Peng-wan Lhasa Plateau ecosystem research station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The alpine meadow, as one of the typical vegetation types on the tibetan Plateau, is one of the most sensitive terrestrial ecosystems to climate warming. However, how climate warming affects the carbon cycling of the alpine meadow on the tibetan Plateau is not very dear. A field experiment under controlled experimental warming and clipping conditions was conducted in an alpine meadow on the Northern tibetan Plateau since July 2008. Open top chambers （0TCs） were used to simulate climate warming. The main objective of this study was to examine the responses of ecosystem respiration （Reco） and its temperature sensitivity to experimental warming and clipping at daily time scale. Therefore, we measured Reco once or twice a month from July to September in 2010, from June to September in 2011 and from August to September in 2012. Air temperature dominated daily variation of Reco whether or not experimental warming and clipping were present. Air temperature was exponentially correlated with Reco and it could significantly explain 58-96% variation of Redo at daily time scale. Experimental warming and clipping decreased daily mean Reco by 5.8-37.7% and -11.9-23.0%, respectively, although not all these changes were significant. Experimental warming tended to decrease the temperature sensitivity of Reco, whereas clipping tended to increase the temperature sensitivity of Reco at daily time scale. Our findings suggest that Reco wasmainly controlled by air temperature and may acclimate to climate warming due to its lower temperature sensitivity under experimental warming at daily time scale.

关键词： Acclimation Air temperature Open topchamber Temperature sensitivity Respirationquotient ( Q10)

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Clipping Alters the Response of Biomass Production to Experimental Warming: A Case Study in an Alpine Meadow on the tibetan Plateau, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 935-942页

作者： FU Gang SUN Wei YU Cheng-Qun ZHANG Xian-Zhou SHEN Zhen-Xi LI Yun-Long YANG Peng-Wan ZHOU Nan Lhasa Plateau ecosystem research station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Predicting how human activity will influence the response of alpine grasslands to future warming has many *** this study, a field experiment with controlled warming and clipping was conducted in an alpine meadow at three elevations（4313 m, 4513 m and 4693 m） in Northern tibet to test the hypothesis that clipping would alter warming effect on biomass *** top chambers（OTCs） were used to increase temperature since July,2008 and the OTCs increased air temperature by approximately 0.9o C ~ 1.8o C during the growing *** was conducted three times one year during growing season and the aboveground parts of all live plants were clipped to approximately 0.01 m in height using scissors since *** primary production（GPP） was calculated from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer GPP algorithm and aboveground plant production was estimated using the surface-measured normalized difference vegetation index in *** decreased the GPP, aboveground biomass（AGB） and aboveground net primary production（ANPP） at all three elevations when clipping was not *** contrast, warming increased AGB at all three elevations, GPP at the two lower elevations and ANPP at the two higher elevations when clipping was *** findings show that clipping reduced the negative effect of warming on GPP, AGB and ANPP, suggesting that clipping may reduce the effect of climate warming on GPP, AGB and ANPP in alpine meadows on the tibetan Plateau, and therefore, may be a viable strategy for mitigating the effects of climate change on grazing and animal husbandry on the tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Clipping Gross primary production Open top chamber Warming Alpine Meadow tibetan Plateau

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Sap Flow of Abies georgei var. smithii and Its Relationship with the Environment Factors in the tibetan Subalpine Region, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第6期12卷 1373-1382页

作者： GUO Qi-qiang ZHANG Wen-hui forestry College Northwest A&F University tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College national Key station for Field Scientific observation & Experiment

Abies georgei var. smithii is a dominant species playing an important role in protecting biodiversity and sustaining the forestry ecosystems in Southeastern tibetan Plateau. Stem sap flows of five different diameters at the breast height(DBH) A. georgei var. smithii samples were monitored continuously with the thermal dissipation probe for the entire growing period in order to understand the water transportation mechanism and the effects of environmental factors on its transpiration and growth. Relative environment factors, temperature and humidity of air, photosynthetically active radiation, rainfall, and wind speed, soil moisture, etc. were measured by the automatic weather stations. Diurnal and seasonal variations in sap flow rate with the different stem diameters and their correlations with meteorological factors were analyzed. The diurnal change in sap flow velocity showed a single-peak curve at the daily time scale, whereas a lower sap flow velocity can be observed in the largest DBH sample tree at night. The maximum average velocity was observed in August, whereas the minimum velocity was observed in January, and a large amount of water evaporated in summer owing to the higher sap flow velocity. In addition, sap flow velocity was closely related to changes in the micrometeorological factors, with average sap flow velocity showing significant linear correlations with air temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, rainfall, and vapor pressure deficit of air and soil moisture. Therefore, some measures, improving the light and temperature conditions, should be taken for protecting A. georgei var. smithii population in the tibetan Plateau.

关键词： tibet Subalpine region Thermal dissipation probe Abies georgei var.smithii Sap flow velocity Environment factor

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Effects of Grazing Exclusion on Plant Productivity and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen Storage in Alpine Meadows in Northern tibet, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第4期24卷 488-498页

作者： XIONG Dingpeng SHI Peili SUN Yinliang WU Jianshuang ZHANG Xianzhou Lhasa national Ecological research station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Grazing exclusion is widely adopted in restoring degraded alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-tibetan Plateau. However, its effectiveness remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of grazing exclusion on plant productivity, species diversity and soil organic carbon （SOC） and soil total nitrogen （STN） storage along a transect spanning from east to west of alpine meadows in northern tibet, China. After six years of grazing exclusion, plant cover, aboveground biomass （AGB）, belowground biomass （BGB）, SOC and STN were increased, but species diversity indices declined. The enhancement of AGB and SOC caused by grazing exclusion was correlated positively with mean annual precipitation （MAP）. Grazing exclusion led to remarkable biomass increase of sedge species, especially Kobresia pygmaea, whereas decrease of biomass in forbs and no obvious change in grass, leguminous and noxious species. Root biomass was concentrated in the near surface layer （10 cm） after grazing exclusion. The effects of grazing exclusion on SOC storage were confined to shallow soil layer in sites with lower MAP. It is indicated that grazing exclusion is an effective measure to increase forage production and enhance soil carbon sequestration in the studied region. The effect is more efficient in sites with higher precipitation. However, the results revealed a tradeoff between vegetation restoration and ecological biodiversity. Therefore, carbon pools recover more quickly than plant biodiversity in the alpine meadows. We suggest that grazing exclusion should be combined with other measures to reconcile grassland restoration and biodiversitv conservation.

关键词： aboveground biomass belowground biomass soil organic carbon (SOC) soil total nitrogen (STN) biodiversity grazingexclusion precipitation alpine meadow

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Controls of seed quantity and quality on seedling recruitment of smith fir along altitudinal gradient in southeastern tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第5期13卷 811-821页

作者： WANG Jing-sheng FENG Ji-guang CHEN Bao-xiong SHI Pei-li ZHANG Jun-long FANG Jiang-ping WANG Zhi-kai YAO Shuai-chen DING Lu-bin Lhasa Plateau ecosystem research station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Environment and Natural Resources Renmin University of ChinaBeiing 100872China Rural Energy&Environment Agency Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing 100125China national Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation Beijing 100038China tibetAgricultural andAnimal Husbandry College Tibet Linzhi 860000China

Alpine treeline ecotones are harsh environment for tree establishment due to low temperature. Tree establishment at treelines requires favorable climate, suitable microsites, and viable seeds. But most researches have been addressed treeline microclimate and its effects on tree regeneration, the knowledge of seed quantity and quality and its controls on seedling recruitment were limited. We measured seed rain, soil seed bank, seed germination rate and seedling recruitment in natural forests in combination with seed transplanting manipulation to evaluate the controls of seed quantity and quality on seedling recruitment of Abies georgei var. smithii （smith fir） along altitudinal gradient, with focus on treeline ecotone in the Sygera Mountains, southeastern tibetan Plateau. Both seed quantity and seed quality of smith fir decreased with increasing altitude and was thereby associated with decline in seed germination rate. Seed quantity and seedling recruitment were better in north-facing slope than in south slope. The treeline ecotone above 42oo m appeared as the threshold altitude to sharply decrease seed quality and seedling recruitment. The emergence and overwintering rates of transplanting seeds from 3600-38oo m also went down remarkably above 4200 m at north-facing slope. It also underpins the fact that treeline ecotone is the bottleneck of seedling recruitment. Our results suggest that seed quantity and quality are the principal limitation of treeline upward advance. This study also provides evidence to support stable treeline position in southeastern tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Abies georgei var. smithii Treeline Seed rain Soil seed bank Seed quality Seedling recruitment

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