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Arecoline causes cognitive impairment and potential addiction via disturbing Kenyon cells in bumblebee brain

Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Huiling Liu Xiaohuan Mu Rongrong Fan Jieteng Chen Jie Ma Liang Meng Xiaosong Hu Hao Zheng Shanshan Liu Xiaofei Wang College of Food Science and Nutritional engineering， national engineering research center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing， Key Laboratory of Fruits and vegetables Processing， Ministry of Agriculture， engineering research Centre for Fruits and vegetables Processing， Ministry of Education， China Agricultural University BGI-Qingdao

Areca nut is the basic ingredient of betel quid， which is chewed by hundreds of millions of people in south-eastern Asia. Chewing of areca nut has been associated with oral cancers potentially due to its specific alkaloids， among which arecoline constitutes about 90% of total fraction. Being the world’s fourth most commonly used psychoactive substance， arecoline evokes stimulation， addiction， and other direct neurological effects， while its misuse correlates to neurotoxic effects. However， what might underlie its neurotoxic mechanisms has been poorly documented. The brain is encoded by a complex network of neuronal and glial cell types， and neurotoxicity of hazardous compounds present transcriptional heterogeneity. Recently， the eusocial bumblebee has been used as a model for studying brain effects， with sophisticated cognitive capability and precisely measured brain architecture. Here， we decipher cell-type-specific mental risks to arecoline using bumblebees. Arecoline induced locomotor hyperactivity and cognitive impairment. Single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) unearthed arecoline-induced cell-specific responses， primarily targeted on Kenyon cells (KC). Moreover， high-dose arecoline induced distinctive cell responses among KC subtypes， particularly class I large Kenyon cell (lKC)， leading to DNA damage， excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalance， and calcium dyshomeostasis， which potentially resulted in cognitive impairment. Given arecoline’s popularity and growing exposure risks to humans， neurological health risks of areca nut warrant serious consideration.

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Dietary lycopene mitigates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating Nrf2/PPARα-dependent ferroptosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xunyu Song Daotong Li Jun Sun Xiaoying Zhang Li-Shu Wang Fang Chen College of Food Science and Nutritional engineering， national engineering research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing， Key Laboratory of Fruits and vegetables Processing， Ministry of Agriculture engineering research Centre for Fruits and vegetables Processing， Ministry of Education， China Agricultural University Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Comprehensive Cancer center， City of Hope national Medical center

The global burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is on the rise. researchers recognize inhibiting ferroptosis， a form of cell death leading to iron-dependent oxidative damage， as a promising therapy for treating NASH. Lycopene， a natural antioxidant compound， exhibits various pharmacological properties. However， the anti-NASH efficacy of the dietary recommended concentration of lycopene and the role of lycopene in combating ferroptosis in NASH have remained unclear. Our study investigated lycopene’s impact on ferroptosis in various diet-induced mouse NASH models and corresponding cellular models， unveiling its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Our findings demonstrated that lycopene notably reduced ferroptosis in MCD (methionine- and choline-deficient diet)-fed mice and a normal mouse hepatocyte cell line (NCTC1469) by restoring balanced ferrous iron levels， lipid reactive oxygen species， and normal mitochondrial morphology. These effects were linked to the regulation of ferroptosis markers GPX4 and PTGS2. Additionally， lycopene’s anti-ferroptosis action was validated in mice fed a high-fat， high-cholesterol diet and HepG2 cells treated with free fatty acid. Our transcriptomic analysis highlighted PPARα as a primary target of lycopene， crucial for activating the glutathione system because GW6471， a PPARα antagonist， blocked lycopene-induced GPX4 activation. Furthermore， Nrf2 played a crucial role in lycopene’s impact on iron metabolism-related proteins (FTH1 and TFR1). Notably， when inhibiting PPARα or Nrf2 in MCD-fed mice by GW6471 or ML385， lycopene’s protective effects against ferroptosis and NASH progression diminished. These findings underscore the crucial role of PPARα-mediated glutathione system activation and Nrf2-mediated iron metabolism modulation in lycopene's anti-ferroptosis effects.

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Editing of eIF(iso)4E.c confers resistance against Turnip mosaic virus in Brassica rapa

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 1020-1034页

作者： Yujia Liu Xiaoyun Xin Peirong Li Weihong Wang Yangjun Yu Xiuyun Zhao Deshuang Zhang Jiao Wang Fenglan Zhang Shujiang Zhang Shuancang Yu Tongbing Su State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Beijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijing 100097China national engineering research center for vegetables Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms ImprovementKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North)of Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijing 100097China Institute of vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)constitutes one of the primary diseases affecting Brassica rapa,severely impacting its production and resulting in crop failures in various regions *** research has demonstrated the significance of plant translation initiation factors,specifically the eIF4E and eIF4G family genes,as essential recessive disease resistance *** our study,we conducted evolutionary and gene expression studies,leading us to identify e IF(iso)4E.c as a potential TuMV-resistant *** CRISPR/Cas9 technology,we obtained mutant *** plants with edited eIF(iso)4E.c *** confirmed eIF(iso)4E.c confers resistance against TuMV through phenotypic observations and virus content ***,we employed ribosome profiling assays on eif(iso)4e.c mutant seedlings to unravel the translation landscape in response to ***,we observed a moderate correlation between the fold changes in gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels(R^(2)=0.729).Comparative analysis of ribosome profiling and RNA-seq data revealed that plant-pathogen interaction,and MAPK signaling pathway-plant pathways were involved in eIF(iso)4E.c-mediated TuMV *** analysis revealed that sequence features,coding sequence length,and normalized minimal free energy,influenced the translation efficiency of *** study highlights that the loss of e IF(iso)4E.c can result in a highly intricate translation mechanism,acting synergistically with transcription to confer resistance against TuMV.

关键词： Brassica rapa eIF(iso)4E.c TuMV Ribo-seq

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Transcription factor CabHLH035 promotes cold resistance and homeostasis of reactive oxygen species in pepper

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 823-836页

作者： Huafeng Zhang Jiangbai Guo Xiaoqing Chen Yunyun Zhou Yingping Pei Lang Chen Saeed ul Haq Mingke Zhang Haijun Gong Rugang Chen College of Horticulture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Shaanxi engineering research center for vegetables YanglingShaanxi 712100China Department of Horticulture The University of Agriculture PeshawarPeshawarKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130Pakistan

Plant basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors(TFs)play central roles in various abiotic ***,its role in plant cold resistance is largely ***,we characterised CaNAC035 in pepper,which positively regulates tolerance to cold,salt and drought stresses ***,we identified CabHLH035,a CaNAC035-interacting protein in *** explore its functions in cold stress tolerance,we silenced the gene in pepper via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)and overexpressed the gene in *** results showed that CabHLH035 expression was induced by cold treatment,and silencing of CabHLH035 decreased cold stress ***,overexpression of CabHLH035 in Arabidopsis increased cold stress *** investigate homologs genes of C-repeat binding factor(CBF)pathway proteins and reactive oxygen species(ROS)marker gene expression blocking by CabHLH035,we performed yeast one-hybrid(Y1H),dual luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assay *** results showed that CabHLH035 bound to the region upstream of the CaCBF1A and CaAPX ***,CaCBF1A bound to the CaDHN4 *** together,our results showed that CabHLH035 plays a crucial role in cold stress tolerance and its potential as a target for breeding cold-resistant *** findings provide a basis for studying the functions and regulatory network of cold stress tolerance in pepper.

关键词： Pepper CabHLH035 Silencing Overexpression VIGS Cold tolerance

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A graph-based pan-genome of Brassica oleracea provides new insights into its domestication and morphotype diversification

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 261-278页

作者： Ning Guo Shenyun Wang Tianyi Wang Mengmeng Duan Mei Zong Liming Miao Shuo Han Guixiang Wang Xin Liu Deshuang Zhang Chengzhi Jiao Hongwei Xu Liyang Chen Zhangjun Fei Jianbin Li Fan Liu State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding National Engineering Research Center for VegetablesBeijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm ImprovementKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)Beijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijing 100097China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement Vegetable Research InstituteJiangsu Academy of Agricultural ScienceNanjingJiangsuChina Smartgenomics Technology Institute Tianjin 301700China Boyce Thompson Institute IthacaNYUSA

The domestication of Brassica oleracea has resulted in diverse morphological types with distinct patterns of organ *** we report a graph-based pan-genome of *** constructed from high-quality genome assemblies of different *** pan-genome harbors over 200 structural variant hotspot regions enriched in auxin-andflowering-related *** genomic analyses revealed that early domestication of *** focused on leaf or stem *** resulting from agricultural practices and variety improvement were detected among different ***-sweep and pan-genome analyses identified an auxin-responsive small auxin up-regulated RNA gene and a CLAV-ATA3/ESR-RELATED family gene as crucial players in leaf–stem differentiation during the early stage of *** domestication and the BoKAN1 gene as instrumental in shaping the leafy heads of cabbage and Brussels *** pan-genome and functional analyses further revealed that variations in the BoFLC2 gene play key roles in the divergence of vernalization andflowering characteristics among different morphotypes,and variations in thefirst intron of BoFLC3 are involved infine-tuning theflowering process in *** study provides a comprehensive understanding of the pan-genome of *** and sheds light on the domestication and differential organ development of this globally important crop species.

关键词： Brassica oleracea graph-based pan-genome structural variants SV domestication morphotype diversification

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Antibacterial activity and mechanism of X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide against Acinetobacter baumannii

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 312-321页

作者： Qunlin Lu Xiaoyu Wu Yuan Fang Yuanxiu Wang Bin Zhang College of Bioscience and Bioengineering Jiangxi Agriculture UniversityNanchang330045China Jiangxi engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources Nanchang330045China Collaborative Innovation center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and vegetables in Jiangxi Province Nanchang330045China

Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogenic bacterium widespread in human environments,especially in intensive care units,and is associated with high morbidity and infection *** drug resistance in *** frequently leads to the death of patients,making the development of multi-effect antibacterial agents against this bacterium a research *** have previously found that the X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide can effectively inhibit the growth of Penicillium digitatum and Candida ***,we evaluated the antibacterial activity of X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide against *** by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration,inhibition zone,and growth *** increase in extracellular alkaline phosphatase and the leakage of intracellular compounds confirmed the effect of X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide on the cell wall and *** in reactive oxygen species,malondialdehyde,ATP,reducing sugar,soluble protein,and pyruvate content demonstrated that the incubation with X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide affected energy metabolism and oxidative *** with the physiological characteristics,transcriptomics analysis indicated that incubation with X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide significantly induced changes in the expression of 2339 genes,including 1262 upregulated and 1077 downregulated genes,which participate in oxidative phosphorylation,ribosome,quorum sensing,fatty acid degradation,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,and citrate cycle *** results provide a fundamental basis for investigating the mechanism of X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide as a potential drug against ***.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Antimicrobial agents Antibiotic resistance Hospital-acquired infections

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LbCas12a-nuclease-mediated tiling deletion for large-scale targeted editing of non-coding regions in rice

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 141-144页

作者： Guigen Ma Fang Yan Bin Ren Zhenwan Lu Hao Xu Fangxi Wu Shaofang Li Daowen Wang Xueping Zhou Huanbin Zhou State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies(Hainan) Ministry of Agricultural and Rural AffairsSanya 572024China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guilin Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuilin 541399China Rice research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhou 350019China State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding National Engineering Research Center for VegetablesBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijing 100097China College of Agronomy State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Scienceand Center for Crop Genome EngineeringHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China These authors contributed equally to this article

Dear Editor,This study reports a nuclease-mediated tiling deletion(NTD)method that uses LbCas12a nuclease with a tiling CRISPRderived RNA(crRNA)library to efficiently induce numerous nucleotide deletions in non-coding regulatory regions of endogenous rice *** method was applied to non-coding regions of the Green Revolution gene SD1,generating 6 mutants with quantitative variations in plant height,which were then used to investigate associations between genotype and *** is thus a promising tool for molecular rice breeding.

关键词： breeding. generating nuclease

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Role of bitter contributors and bitter taste receptors:a comprehensive review of their sources,functions and future development

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1806-1824页

作者： Xinyue Zhou Han Wang Ming Huang Jin Chen Jianle Chen Huan Cheng Xingqian Ye Wenjun Wang Donghong Liu College of Biosystems engineering and Food Science National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and EquipmentZhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food ProcessingZhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and EquipmentFuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Innovation center of Yangtze River Delta Zhejiang UniversityJiashan 314100China Ningbo research Institute Zhejiang UniversityNingbo 315100China Changshan Aijia Huyou Food research and Development center Changshan 324200China The Collaborative Innovation center for Intelligent Production Equipment of Characteristic Forest Fruits in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 311300China

Bitterness,one of the 5“basic tastes”,is usually undesired by ***,abundant literature reported that bitter fruits and vegetables have beneficial health effects due to their bitter *** review provided an updated overview of the main bitter contributors of typical bitter fruits and vegetables and their health *** main bitter contributors,including phenolics,terpenoids,alkaloids,amino acids,nucleosides and purines,were *** bioactivities and wide range of beneficial effects of them on anti-cancers,anti-inflammations,anti-microbes,neuroprotection,inhibiting chronic and acute injury in organs,as well as regulating behavior performance and metabolism were ***,not only did the bitter taste receptors(taste receptor type 2 family,T2Rs)show taste effects,but extra-oral T2Rs could also be activated by binding with bitter components,regulating physiological activities via modulating hormone secretion,immunity,metabolism,and cell *** review provided a new perspective on exploring and explaining the nutrition of bitter foods,revealing the relationship between the functions of bitter contributors from food and *** trends may focus on revealing the possibility of T2Rs being targets for the treatment of diseases,exploring the mechanism of T2Rs mediating the bioactivities,and making bitter foods more acceptable without getting rid of bitter contributors.

关键词： Bitter contributors Bitter taste receptor Health benefits Fruits vegetables

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Diverse nucleotide substitutions in rice base editing mediated by novel TadA variants

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 104-112页

作者： Man Yu Yongjie Kuang Chenyang Wang Xuemei Wu Shaofang Li Dawei Zhang Wenxian Sun Xueping Zhou Bin Ren Huanbin Zhou State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Pathology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guilin Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuilin 541399China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment College of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding National Engineering Research Center for VegetablesBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ScienceBeijing 100097China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies(Hainan) Ministry of Agricultural and Rural AffairsSanya 572024China

CRISPR-mediated base editors have been widely used to correct defective alleles and create novel alleles by artificial evolution for the rapid genetic improvement of *** editing capabilities of base editors strictly rely on the performance of various nucleotide modification *** with the welldeveloped adenine base editors(ABEs),cytosine base editors(CBEs)and dual base editors suffer from unstable editing efficiency and patterns at different genomic loci in rice,significantly limiting their ***,we comprehensively examined the base editing activities of multiple evolved TadA8e variants in *** found that both TadA-CDd and TadA-E27R/N46L achieved more robust C-to-T editing than previously reported hyperactive hAID*D,and TadA-CDd outperformed TadA-E27R/N46L.A C-to-G base editor(CGBE)engineered with TadA-CDd and OsUNG performed highly efficient C-to-G editing in rice compared with that of *** addition,a dual base editor constructed with a single protein,TadDE,enabled simultaneous,highly efficient C-to-T and A-to-G editing in ***,our results demonstrate that TadA8e derivatives improve both CBEs and dual base editors in rice,providing a powerful way to induce diverse nucleotide substitutions for plant genome editing.

关键词： CRISPR TadA variants cytosine base editing dual base editor rice

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Diet mediates the gut microbiome composition and assembly processes in infant and toddler populations

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shumin Wang Leilei Yu Fengwei Tian Wei Chen Qixiao Zhai State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources， Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology， Jiangnan University national engineering research center for Functional Food， Jiangnan University

Infancy and toddlerhood are critical phases of life， as the gut microbiota is established here， which influences current and future health. During this period， the microbiota was relatively less stable and highly responsive to environmental factors. Therefore， it is important to understand how dietary factors affect this complex stage of microbial assembly. The effect of feeding practices (breast milk/formula) on microbial colonization in early infancy has been actively studied; however， studies on the effect of diet on the gut microbiota during the complementary feeding period are sparse. The introduction of complementary foods provides abundant new dietary compounds for the gut microbiota， which induces a shift in gut microbiota and metabolism from milk-adapted toward a more mature and diverse adult-like community. Herein， we discuss the impact of dietary nutrients (carbohydrates， proteins， fats， vitamins， and minerals) on microbiome of infants and toddlers. Furthermore， this review summarizes the effects of complementary feeding patterns， specific foods (such as cereals; legumes and nuts; vegetables and fruits; meats; dairy products)， food additives， and malnutrition (undernutrition or overnutrition) on gut microbiota of this populations. These findings might deepen our comprehension of the complex interactions between diets and the development and establishment of the gut microbiota. This may facilitate the tailoring of interventions aimed at promoting beneficial modifications within the gut microbial community. Furthermore， the insights gained could inform the design and implementation of safe and efficacious complementary feeding practices.

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