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Nutrition strategies to control post-weaning diarrhea of piglets: From the perspective of feeds

Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 297-311页

作者： Qingsong Tang Tianyi Lan Chengyu Zhou Jingchun Gao Liuting Wu Haiyang Wei Wenxue Li Zhiru Tang Wenjie Tang Hui Diao Yetong Xu Xie Peng Jiaman Pang Xuan Zhao Zhihong Sun laboratory for bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology Southwest University Animal Breeding and Genetics Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animal Science Academy Yibin Academy of Southwest University

Post-weaning diarrhea(PWD) is a globally significant threat to the swine industry. Historically, antibiotics as well as high doses of zinc oxide and copper sulfate have been commonly used to control ***, the development of bacterial resistance and environmental pollution have created an interest in alternative strategies. In recent years, the research surrounding these alternative strategies and the mechanisms of piglet diarrhea has been continually updated. Mechanically, diarrhea in piglets is a result of an imbalance in intestinal fluid and electrolyte absorption and secretion. In general, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC) and diarrheal viruses are known to cause an imbalance in the absorption and secretion of intestinal fluids and electrolytes in piglets, resulting in diarrhea when Cl secretion-driven fluid secretion surpasses absorptive capacity. From a perspective of feedstuffs, factors that contribute to imbalances in fluid absorption and secretion in the intestines of weaned piglets include high levels of crude protein(CP), stimulation by certain antigenic proteins, high acid-binding capacity(ABC), and contamination with deoxynivalenol(DON) in the diet. In response, efforts to reduce CP levels in diets,select feedstuffs with lower ABC values, and process feedstuffs using physical, chemical, and biological approaches are important strategies for alleviating PWD in piglets. Additionally, the diet supplementation with additives such as vitamins and natural products can also play a role in reducing the diarrhea incidence in weaned piglets. Here, we examine the mechanisms of absorption and secretion of intestinal fluids and electrolytes in piglets, summarize nutritional strategies to control PWD in piglets from the perspective of feeds, and provide new insights towards future research directions.

关键词： Post-weaning diarrhea Fluid secretion feed Nutritional regulation strategies Piglet

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Zinc lactate alleviates oxidative stress by modulating crosstalk between constitutive androstane receptor signaling pathway and gut microbiota profile in weaned piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 23-33页

作者： Wenjie Tang Xuan Xiang Houfu Wang Wentao Zhou Liuqin He Yulong Yin Tiejun Li College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Sichuan Academy of Animal Sciences Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Livestock and Poultry biological Products Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal University

This study aimed to determine the regulatory mechanism of dietary zinc lactate (ZL) supplementation on intestinal oxidative stress damage in a paraquat (PQ)-induced piglet model. Twenty-eight piglets (mean body weight 9.51±0.23 kg) weaned at 28 d of age were randomly divided into control, ZL, PQ, and ZL+PQ groups (n=7 in each group). The ZL-supplemented diet had little effect on growth performance under normal physiological conditions. However, under PQ challenge, ZL supplementation significantly improved average daily gain (Pbiota, especially by significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial gut microbes, including UCG＿002, Ruminococcus, Rikenellaceae＿RC9＿gut＿group, Christensenellaceae＿R＿7＿group, Treponema, unclassified＿Christensenellaceae, and unclassified＿Erysipelotrichaceae (P biota.

关键词： Zinc lactate Intestinal barrier Oxidative stress Inflammation Constitutive androstane receptor Gut microbiota

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The adsorption effect of aquaculture residual feed on heavy metals and its impact on microbial metabolism of feed

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 246-259页

作者： Sufeng Wang Zijng Wang Wen Zhang Jingshan Li Mingyang Lin Li Chen State Key laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse Yanshan University Key laboratory of pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province College of Biology and Environmental EngineeringZhejiang Shuren University Hebei Ocean & Fisheries Science Research Institute

Background Intensive and large-scale aquaculture has a high biological density, and a large amount of artificial feed must be provided. As a result, residual feed would be discharged into natural water bodies with water exchange. Due to heavy metal pollution in surface water, residual feed may adsorb heavy metals in the water, affecting the subsequent microbial degradation of feed and the restoration of the water environment. The combined ecological impacts of these two types of pollution urgently need to be *** This study explored the adsorption effect of residual feed on heavy metals and its impact on microbial degradation of residual feed. The results showed that both the insoluble component（mainly fiber, ash, and ether extract, abbreviated as FAE） and soluble component（soluble protein and starch） of the feed had adsorption effects on heavy metals. As the salinity increased, the adsorption capacity of Cu2+and Cd2+decreased, while the adsorption effect on Pb2+was not changed significantly. The adsorption of heavy metals by residual feed could affect the biological degradation of residual feed. The residual feed could adsorb heavy metals and bacterial cells simultaneously, forming FAE-B（bacteria）-S（starch）-Pr（protein）-metal adsorption complex. This adsorption effect could reduce the negative impact of heavy metals on microbial degradation of residual feed. The simulated degradation experiments in actual water bodies also confirmed this. However, the accumulation of heavy metals in residual feed may bring negative effects, such as being consumed by aquatic organisms and entering the food *** The results of this study provide a basis for the collection and centralized treatment of residual feed in aquaculture, as well as the control and remediation of residual feed pollution in natural water bodies.

关键词： Residual feed Adsorption complex feed pollution Heavy metal

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Hesperidin ameliorates H_(2)O_(2)-induced bovine mammary epithelial cell oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1737-1750页

作者： Qi Huang Jiashuo Liu Can Peng Xuefeng Han Zhiliang Tan CAS Key laboratory for Agro‑Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina State Key laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Background Hesperidin is a citrus flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. However, its protective effects on bovine mammary epithelial cells(b MECs) exposed to oxidative stress have not been *** In this study, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress in b MECs and the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that hesperidin attenuated H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell damage by reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels, increasing catalase(CAT) activity, and improving cell proliferation and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, hesperidin activated the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway by inducing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of its downstream genes NQO1 and HO-1, which are antioxidant enzymes involved in ROS scavenging and cellular redox balance. The protective effects of hesperidin were blocked by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, indicating that they were Nrf2 *** Our results suggest that hesperidin could protect b MECs from oxidative stress injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting that hesperidin as a natural antioxidant has positive potential as a feed additive or plant drug to promote the health benefits of bovine mammary.

关键词： Bovine mammary epithelial cell Hesperidin Nrf2 signaling pathway Oxidative stress

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Self-assembly tungsten selenide hybrid ternary MOF derived magnetic alloys via multi-polarization to boost microwave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1625-1635页

作者： Tianbao Zhao Tingting Zheng Di Lan Yan Zhang Zhengshuo Sun Chao Wang Zirui Jia Guanglei Wu Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China School of Materials Science and engineering Hubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China College of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Confronted with severe electromagnetic wave pollution,the development of high-performance electromagnetic wave shielding or absorbing materials is an effective way to deal with ***,double transition metal alloys and transition metal dichalcogenides have attracted extensive attention in electromagnetic wave absorption,but few reports have studied the effects of these two materials on electromagnetic wave absorption at the same *** this work,cobalt-based alloy with magnetic loss mechanism was selected for composition *** ternary metal-organic framework was prepared by the one-step method,and then CoCu/C was prepared by high temperature ***,in the hydrothermal process,ultra-thin tungsten selenide nanosheets were coated on the surface of magnetic component,and the final polyhedral WSe_(2)/CoCu/C composites with multiple heterogeneous interfaces were *** synergistic effect of dielectric and magnetic components optimizes impedance matching and allows more electromagnetic waves to enter the ***,through the conduction loss of high conductivity graphitized carbon,interfacial polarization,and dipole polarization of heterogeneous interfaces between the components,the magnetic loss provided by CoCu alloy can work together to maximize the attenuation ability of electromagnetic ***,the minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of the composite reaches-53.43 dB when the matched thickness is 2.1 mm,while the maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EABmax)reaches 6.0 GHz at a thin thickness of 1.8 *** work provides some support and reference for the design of novel electromagnetic wave absorbing materials via the dielectric/magnetic loss synergistic mechanism.

关键词： metal-organic framework dielectric/magnetic loss transition metal dichalcogenide electromagnetic wave absorption

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Mesoporous amorphous FeOOH-encapsulated bio_(2–x) photocatalyst with harnessing broad spectrum toward activation of persulfate for tetracycline degradation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第7期71卷 235-248页

作者： Pengfei Wu Zhaolong Liu Li Wu Yingkun Zhang Bing Wang Zhanghao Cheng Wenquan Cui Xiangyang Lv Qingling Liu Tianjin Key laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Hebei pollution Control Technology Innovation Center of Steel and Coking Industry Department of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringHebei College of Industry and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050091China Hebei Key laboratory of Environmental Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Materials College of Chemical EngineeringNorth China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China Hebei Academy of Product Quality Supervision&Inspection Shijiazhuang 050227China

With the growing concern about the water environment,the advanced oxidation process of persulfate activation assisted by photocatalysis has attracted considerable attention to decompose dissolved organic *** this work,to overcome the drawbacks of the photocatalytic activity reduction caused by the photo-corrosion of non-stoichiometric bio_(2–x),a novel material with amorphous FeOOH in situ grown on layered bio_(2–x) to form a core-shell structure similar to popcorn chicken-like morphology was produced in two simple and environmentally beneficial *** a series of degradation activity tests of hybrid materials under different conditions,the as-prepared materials exhibited remarkable degradation activity and stability toward tetracycline in the FeOOH@bio_(2–x)/Vis/PS system due to the synergism of photocatalysis and persulfate *** results of XRD,SEM,TEM,XPS,FTIR,and BET show that the loading of FeOOH increases the specific surface area and active sites appreciably;the heterogeneous structure formed by FeOOH and bio_(2–x) is more favorable to the effective separation of photogenerated *** optimal degradation conditions were at a catalyst addition of 0.7 g·L^(–1),a persulfate concentration of 1.0 g·L^(–1),and an initial pH of 4.5,at which the degradation rate could reach 94.7%after 90 *** influence of typical inorganic anions on degradation was also *** studies and radical quenching experiments revealed that·OH,SO_(4)^(-)·,and·O_(2)^(-)were the principal active species generated during the degradation of *** results of the 1,10-phenanthroline approach proved that the effect of dissolved iron ions on the tetracycline degradation was limited,and the interfacial reaction that occurs on the active sites on the material's surface was a critical *** work provides a novel method for producing efficient broad-spectrum Bismuth-based composite photocatalysts and photocatalytic-activated persulfate synerg

关键词： Amorphous FeOOH bio_(2–x) Activated persulfate Photocatalytic Tetracycline degradation

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Effects of long-chain fatty acid supplementation on the growth performance of grower and finisher pigs: a meta-analysis

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 1037-1048页

作者： Zhi Li Bocheng Xu Zeqing Lu Yizhen Wang national engineering laboratory of biological feed safety and pollution prevention and Control Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province Institute of Feed Science Zhejiang University

Background: Supplementation of feed with long-chain fatty acids(LCFAs) during the grower and finisher phases has long been discussed as a growth promotion strategy in pigs, but its effects are inconsistent. The purpose of our study was to comprehensively evaluate its effects on the growth performance based on the average daily gain(ADG), average daily feed intake(ADFI) and gain: feed(G:F) ratio and to unveil the roles of the basal diet, LCFA concentration and LCFA ***: We searched the Pub Med and Web of Science databases(articles published from Jan 1 st, 2000, to Sep 30 th,2018;restricted to English) and compared LCFA-supplemented diets with control diets. We retrieved 2346 studies, 18 of which(1314 pigs, 26 records) were eligible for our analysis. We used a random-effects model to calculate the weighted mean differences(WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs). LCFA supplementation in the grower-finisher phase improved the ADG(WMD = 41.74 g/d, 95% CI: 8.81 to 74.66, P = 0.013) and G:F ratio(WMD = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.006 to 0.032, P = 0.003). For supplementation solely in the finisher phase, we found a similar performance in the ADG(WMD = 39.93 g/d, 95% CI: 26.48 to 53.38, P < 0.001) and G:F ratio(WMD = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.006 to 0.032, P < 0.001) but a reduction in the ADFI(WMD =-83.863 g/d, 95% CI:-156.157 to-11.569, P = 0.023). Specifically, approximately 5%LCFA supplementation in the finisher phase had significant effects on the ADG(WMD = 51.385 g/d, 95% CI: 35.816 to66.954, P < 0.001), ADFI(WMD =-102.869 g/d, 95% CI:-189.236 to-16.502, P = 0.02) and G:F ratio(WMD = 0.028, 95%CI: 0.018 to 0.039, P < 0.001), whereas a concentration of approximately 1% exhibited no ***: Overall, regardless of the basal diet and saturation, LCFA supplementation greatly improves the growth performance of grower and finisher pigs, primarily by increasing the energy density.

关键词： Energy density Finisher pig Grower pig Growth performance Long-chain fatty acid Meta-analysis Production performance

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Effects of starch and gelatin encapsulated vitamin A on growth performance,immune status and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第2期6卷 130-133页

作者： Yuhan Hu Lin Zhang Yu Zhang Haitao Xiong Fengqin Wang Yizhen Wang Zeqing Lu national engineering laboratory of bio-feed safety and pollution prevention Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang ProvinceKey Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(Eastern of China)Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Feed ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

To evaluate the effects of gelatin and starch encapsulated vitamin A on growth performance,immune status and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets,a total of 96 weaned piglets(body weight=9.11±0.03 kg,30-d-old)were randomly allotted to 3 treatments with 4 replications of 8 piglets *** 3 treatments were control diet(basal diet without addition of vitamin A),gelatin vitamin A diet(basal diet+13,500 IU/kg gelatin encapsulated vitamin A),and starch vitamin A diet(basal diet+13,500 IU/kg starch encapsulated vitamin A),*** results showed that piglets fed starch vitamin A diet had significantly higher final body weight and average daily gain compared to those in control and gelatin vitamin A groups(P<0.05).Gelatin and starch vitamin A supplementation both highly increased serum retinol concentration and immunoglobulin(Ig)M level when compared with the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,serum IgA level and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity were significantly increased by gelatin vitamin A diet on d 21 and starch vitamin A diet on d 42,respectively(P<0.05).These results demonstrated that dietary supple mentation of vitamin A could improve immune function and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets,and starch vitamin A is better than gelatin vitamin A,especially in promoting the growth performance of piglets.

关键词： Starch encapsulated vitamin A Gelatin encapsulated vitamin A Antioxidant capacity Growth performance Immunity Piglets

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Overall assessment of antibiotic substitutes for pigs:a set of meta-analyses

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 763-777页

作者： Bocheng Xu Jie Fu Luoyi Zhu Zhi Li Mingliang Jin Yizhen Wang national engineering laboratory of biological feed safety and pollution prevention and Control Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Feed ScienceZhejiang University866 Yuhangtang RoadHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvincePeople’s Republic of China

Background:Antibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight ***,the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on *** alternatives to antibiotics is an urgent need in livestock *** aimed to perform a meta-analysis and network meta-analysis(NMA)to investigate the effects of feed additives as potential antibiotic substitutes(ASs)on bacteriostasis,growth performance,intestinal morphology and ***,the primary,secondary,and tertiary ASs were defined by comparing their results with the results of ***:Among 16,309 identified studies,37 were summarized to study the bacteriostasis effects of feed additives,and 89 were included in the meta-analysis and NMA(10,228 pigs).We summarized 268 associations of 57 interventions with 32 *** order of bacteriostasis effects was as follows:antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)≈antibiotics>organic acids>plant extracts>*** detected associations of 11 feed additives and 11 *** with a basal diet,plant extract,AMPs,probiotics,microelements,organic acids,bacteriophages,lysozyme,zymin,and oligosaccharides significantly improved growth performance(Pbiotics,microelements,lysozyme,and AMPs remarkably increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio(V/C)(Pbiotics,and organic acids notably improved immunity(Pbiotics,and zymin doses were 0.100%,0.150%,0.012%,0.010%,0.050%,0.750%,0.20%,0.040%,0.180%,and 0.100%,*** with antibiotics,all investigated feed additives exhibited no significant difference in effects on growth performance,IgG,and diarrhoea index/rate(P>0.05);AMPs and microelements significantly increased V/C(P<0.05);and zymin significantly improved lymphocyte levels(P<0.05).Furthermore,linear weighting sum models were used to com

关键词： Antibiotic substitutes Dose-effect relationship feed additives Meta-analysis Network meta-analysis Pigs

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Dietary supplementation of Macleaya cordata extract and Bacillus in combination improve laying performance by regulating reproductive hormones,intestinal microbiota and barrier function of laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 690-710页

作者： Fei Wang Peng Zou Shujie Xu Qi Wang Yuanhao Zhou Xiang Li Li Tang Baikui Wang Qian Jin Dongyou Yu Weifen Li Key laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and ControlKey Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Animal Nutrition and Feed SciencesCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversityYazhou Bay Sci-Tech CityYongyou Industry ParkSanya 572000China

Background:This study aimed to investigate whether the combination of Macleaya cordata extract(MCE)and Bacil-lus could improve the laying performance and health of laying hens ***:A total of 36029-week-old Jingbai laying hens were randomly divided into 4 treatments:control group(basal diet),MCE group(basal diet+MCE),Probiotics Bacillus Compound(PBC)group(basal diet+compound Bacil-lus),MCE+PBC group(basal diet+MCE+compound Bacillus).The feeding experiment lasted for 42 ***:The results showed that the laying rate and the average daily egg mass in the MCE+PBC group were significantly higher than those in the control group(Pbiota to enhance antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier,regulate reproductive hormones and the

关键词： Bacillus Intestinal microbiota Laying hens Laying performance Macleaya cordata extract Reproductive hormones

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