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Geochemistry and depositional environment of fuchsite quartzites from Sargur Group,western Dharwar Craton,India

Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 555-570页

作者： C.S.Sindhuja G.Harshitha C.Manikyamba K.S.V.Subramanyam CSIR(council of scientific and Industrial research)-national Geophysical research Institute(NGRI) Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India

Meso-Neoarchean fuchsite quartzites are present in different stratigraphic positions of Dharwar Craton including the oldest(~3.3 Ga)Sargur Group of western Dharwar *** present study deals with the petro-graphic and geochemical characteristics of the fuchsite quartzites from the Ghattihosahalli belt to evaluate their genesis,depositional setting and the enigma involved in the ancient sedimentation *** major mineral assemblages include quartz,fuchsite,and feldspars along with accessory kyanite and *** geochemical com-positions are characterized by high SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),low MgO,CaO,strongly enriched Cr(1326–6899 ppm),Ba(1165–3653 ppm),Sr(46–210 ppm),V(107–868 ppm)and Zn(11–158 ppm)contents compared to the upper continental crust(UCC).The UCC normalized rare earth element(REE)patterns are characterized by depleted light REE[(La/Sm)UCC=0.33–0.95]compared to heavy REE[(Gd/Yb)_(UCC)=0.42–1.65]with conspicuous positive Eu-anomalies(Eu/Eu^(*)=1.35–18.27)characteristic of hydrothermal solutions evidenced through the interlayered *** overall major and trace element systematics reflect a combined mafic-felsic provenance and suggest their deposition at a passive continental margin *** comprehensivefield,petrographic,and geo-chemical studies indicate that these quartzites are infiltrated by Cr-richfluids released during high-grade metamorphism of associated ultramafic *** Sargur and the subse-quent Dharwar orogeny amalgamated diverse lithounits from different tectonic settings,possibly leading to the release of Cr-richfluids and the formation of fuchsite quartzite during or after the *** sug-gest a pre-existing stable crust prior to the Sargur Group and the link between orogenic events and various mineral deposits in the Dharwar Craton.

关键词： Dharwar Craton Ghattihosahalli Fuchsite quartzite Provenance Depositional setting

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Advancements in nanotechnology for the delivery of phytochemicals

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 385-398页

作者： Divya Chauhan Pavan K.Yadav Nazneen Sultana Arun Agarwal Saurabh Verma Manish K.Chourasia Jiaur R.Gayen Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Central Drug Research InstituteCouncil of Scientific and Industrial ResearchLucknow 226031Uttar PradeshIndia Academy of scientific and Innovative research Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia

Phytosomes(phytophospholipid complex) are dosage forms that have recently been introduced to increase the stability and therapeutic effect of herbal medicine. Currently, bioactive herbs and the phytochemicals they contain are considered to be the best remedies for chronic diseases. One promising approach to increase the efficacy of plant-based therapies is to improve the stability and bioavailability of their bio-active ingredients. Phytosomes employ phospholipids as their active ingredients, and use their amphiphilic properties to solubilize and protect herbal extracts. The unique properties of phospholipids in drug delivery and their use in herbal medicines to improve bioavailability results in significantly enhanced health benefits. The introduction of phytosome nanotechnology can alter and revolutionize the current state of drug delivery. The goal of this review is to explain the application of phytosomes, their future prospects in drug delivery, and their advantages over conventional formulations.

关键词： Phytochemical Bioavailability Drug delivery system Phytosome Plant extracts

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Comparison of ERA5 turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface with measurements from a wave-following platform

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期17卷 32-36页

作者： Said Benjeddou Denis Bourras Christopher Luneau Aix Marseille Universite National Center for Scientific ResearchMediterranean Institute of OceanographyMarseilleFrance Observatory of the Sciences of the Universe Pytheas Institute National Center for Scientific ResearchMarseilleFrance

Turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface were estimated with data collected in 2011-2020 with a low-profile platform named OCARINA during eight experiments in five regions:2011,2015,and 2016 in the Iroise Sea;2012 in the tropical Atlantic;2014 in the Chilie-Peru upwelling;2017 and 2018 in the Mediterranean Sea,and 2018 and 2020 in *** observations were carried out with moderate winds(2-10 m s^(-1))and average wave heights of 1.5 *** this study,the authors used the fluxes calculated by the bulk method using OCARINA-sampled data as the *** data can validate the fluxes estimated from ERAS reanalysis *** OCARINA and ERA5 data were taken *** do this,the authors established an algorithm to extract the OCARINA data as closely as possible to the reanalysis data in time and *** measurements of the OCARINA platform can conclude on the relevance of the widely used reanalysis data.

关键词： Ocarina ECMWF ERA5 Turbulent fluxes Louis formulation

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Unraveling light localization in quasi-periodic photonic lattices

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 2787-2788页

作者： Gianluigi Zito Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems National Research Council of ItalyVia Pietro Castellino111Napoli 80131Italy

Light localization has transformative implications for advancing the fields of chemistry and physics,enabling new approaches in sensing,imaging,energy harvesting,photochemical catalysis,molecular-scale optoelectronic devices,and information processing and data *** term refers to the confinement of electromagnetic waves(light)within a small spatial region,typically much smaller than the wavelength of the light itself[1].

关键词： light periodic quasi

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Handgrip Strength and Low Muscle Strength Rate in Chinese Adults-China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第32期6卷 821-824,I0004-I0006页

作者： Jiarong Zhu Jingjing Wang Chaoqun Fan Dongming Wu Qiang Feng Department of national Fitness and scientific Exercise research Center China Institute of Sport ScienceBeijingChina

Summary What is already known on this topic?Handgrip strength(HS)serves as a diagnostic marker for low muscle strength rate(LMSR)and reflects the level of skeletal *** the past two decades,global data indicate a downward trend in HS across various *** is added by this report?According to the latest national data,the mean HS among Chinese adults aged 20 years and older was recorded at 40.4 kg for males and 25.1 kg for females in 2020.A decline in HS was observed with increasing age,particularly among ***,lower HS values were reported in rural areas,whereas LMSR was more prevalent in these *** are the implications for public health practice?The analysis of HS and LMSR among Chinese adults is essential for the development and implementation of targeted interventions aimed at improving HS prevalence *** analysis is highly significant for public health,contributing to increased public awareness of LMSR and the promotion of preventative measures.

关键词： strength promotion analysis

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Comparison of ERA5 turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface with measurements from a wave-following platform

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期 34-38页

作者： Sa?d Benjeddou Denis Bourras Christopher Luneau Aix Marseille Université National Center for Scientific ResearchMediterranean Institute of Oceanography Observatory of the Sciences of the Universe Pythéas Institute National Center for Scientific Research

Turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface were estimated with data collected in 2011-2020 with a low-profile platform named OCARINA during eight experiments in five regions:2011,2015,and 2016 in the Iroise Sea;2012 in the tropical Atlantic;2014 in the Chilie-Peru upwelling;2017 and 2018 in the Mediterranean Sea,and 2018 and 2020 in *** observations were carried out with moderate winds(2-10 m s-1) and average wave heights of 1.5 *** this study,the authors used the fluxes calculated by the bulk method using OCARINA-sampled data as the *** data can validate the fluxes estimated from ERAS reanalysis *** OCARINA and ERA5 data were taken *** do this,the authors established an algorithm to extract the OCARINA data as closely as possible to the reanalysis data in time and *** measurements of the OCARINA platform can conclude on the relevance of the widely used reanalysis data.

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Microalgal bioinoculants for sustainable agriculture and their interactions with soil biotic and abiotic components:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 297-314页

作者： Shisy JOSE Nirmal RENUKA Sachitra Kumar RATHA Sheena KUMARI Faizal BUX Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology Durban University of TechnologyP.O.Box 1334Durban 4000South Africa Algal Biotechnology Laboratory Department of BotanyCentral University of PunjabBathinda 151401India Phycology Laboratory Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknowUttar Pradesh 226001India

Modern agricultural practices have posed a detrimental impact on the environment due to their intensive use to meet the food demands of an ever-increasing *** this context,microalgal bioinoculants,specifically cyanobacteria and green microalgae,have emerged as sustainable options for agricultural practices to improve soil organic carbon,nutrient availability,microbial quality,and plant *** overview of current and future perspectives on the use of microalgal bioinoculants in agriculture practices is presented in this review,along with a discussion of their interactions with soil biotic and abiotic factors that affect soil fertility,plant health,and crop *** benefits of microalgal bioinoculants include releasing agronomically important metabolites(exopolymers and phytohormones)as well as solubilizing soil ***,they function as biocontrol agents against soil-borne pathogens and facilitate the establishment of rhizosphere communities of agricultural *** far,very few studies have explored the basic mechanisms by which microalgal bioinoculants interact with soil biotic and abiotic *** recent years,advanced molecular techniques have contributed to a better understanding of these interactions.

关键词： biocontrol agent biofertilizer cyanobacteria microalgae microbial community molecular technique plant growth soil fertility

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Saliency-guided meta-hallucinator for few-shot learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 189-210页

作者： Hongguang ZHANG Chun LIU Jiandong WANG Linru MA Piotr KONIUSZ Philip H.S.TORR Lin YANG Systems Engineering Institute Academy of Military Sciences Data61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Australian national University Oxford University

Learning novel object concepts from limited samples remains a considerable challenge in deep learning. The main directions for improving the few-shot learning models include(i) designing a stronger backbone,(ii) designing a powerful(dynamic) meta-classifier, and(iii) using a larger pre-training set obtained by generating or hallucinating additional samples from the small scale dataset. In this paper, we focus on item(iii) and present a novel meta-hallucination strategy. Presently, most image generators are based on a generative network(i.e., GAN) that generates new samples from the captured distribution of images. However, such networks require numerous annotated samples for training. In contrast, we propose a novel saliency-based end-to-end meta-hallucinator, where a saliency detector produces foregrounds and backgrounds of support images. Such images are fed into a two-stream network to hallucinate feature samples directly in the feature space by mixing foreground and background feature samples. Then, we propose several novel mixing strategies that improve the quality and diversity of hallucinated feature ***, as not all saliency maps are meaningful or high quality, we further introduce a meta-hallucination controller that decides which foreground feature samples should participate in mixing with backgrounds. To our knowledge, we are the first to leverage saliency detection for few-shot learning. Our proposed network achieves state-of-the-art results on publicly available few-shot image classification and anomaly detection benchmarks, and outperforms competing sample mixing strategies such as the so-called Manifold Mixup.

关键词： few-shot learning saliency detection object recognition anomaly detection computer vision

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Comparative measurement of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO at two traffic interjunctions having inflated vehicular flow in Delhi

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 314-329页

作者： Komal Daya Soni Khem Singh Shankar G.Aggarwal CSIR-national Physical Laboratory Dr.K.S.Krishnan MargNew Delhi 110012India Academy of scientific&Innovative research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India

Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases and poor air quality in metropolitan *** study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO through monitoring over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic *** annual average morning concentration of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO was found(533±105),(7.3±3.1),(10.7±3.0)ppm at Najafgarh and(480±70),(5.2±1.8),(7.8±2.8)ppm at Rajendra Place,respectively.A relationship between concentration of all three gases and meteorological parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind direction has also been investigated using Pearson correlation coefficient and pollution rose diagram.A comparable pattern in concentration was observed for all three gases in spatial(location)and temporal(diurnal)*** concentration trend of CO_(2)in different seasons is winter>summer>monsoon,while in the case of CH_(4)winter=summer>monsoon but not any seasonal trend was noted in CO *** is observed that CO_(2)has a good relation with CO(a tracer for vehicular emission)in terms of diurnal variation,whereas,CH_(4)does not represent a relation with CO and CO_(2)diurnally,suggesting that vehicles are the source of CO_(2)but not much contributing to other greenhouse gases like CH_(4).

关键词： Vehicular emission Greenhouse gases Harmful pollutants Meteorological parameters

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Ultrasensitive Indium Phosphide Nanomembrane Wearable Gas Sensors

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 209-217页

作者： Shiyu Wei Tuomas Haggren Zhe Li Hark Hoe Tan Chennupati Jagadish Antonio Tricoli Lan Fu Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical SystemsResearch School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Nanotechnology research Laboratory Research School of ChemistryCollege of ScienceThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Nanotechnology research Laboratory Faculty of EngineeringThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia

Air quality is deteriorating due to continuing urbanization and *** particular,nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))is a biologically and environmentally hazardous byproduct from fuel combustion that is ubiquitous in urban *** address this issue,we report a high-performance flexible indium phosphide nanomembrane NO_(2)sensor for real-time air quality *** ultralow limit of detection of~200 ppt and a fast response have been achieved with this device by optimizing the film thickness and doping concentration during indium phosphide *** varying the film thickness,a dynamic range of values for NO_(2)detection from parts per trillion(ppt)to parts per million(ppm)level have also been demonstrated under low bias voltage and at room temperature without additional light *** measurements show an adequately stable response after repeated ***-site testing of the sensor in a residential kitchen shows that NO_(2)concentration from the gas stove emission could exceed the NO_(2)Time Weighted Average limit,i.e.,200 ppb,highlighting the significance of real-time ***,the indium phosphide nanomembrane sensor element cost is estimated at<0.1 US$due to the miniatured size,nanoscale thickness,and ease of *** these superior performance characteristics,low cost,and real-world applicability,our indium phosphide nanomembrane sensors offer a promising solution for a variety of air quality monitoring applications.

关键词： air quality monitoring flexible III-V semiconductors nanofilm ultrathin

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