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Soft-sediment deformation structures in the Mesoproterozoic Kaimur Sandstone,Vindhyan Supergroup(Central India),and their seismotectonic implications

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第3期12卷 463-486页

作者： Jayanta Kumar Pati Anuj Kumar Singh Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj211002India national centre of experimental mineralogy and petrology 14 Chatham LinesUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj211002India

The unequivocal identification of soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS)is a significant attribute to constrain the effect of transient geological events in the spatio-temporal evolution of ancient sedimentary *** paper reports and discusses,for the first time,the occurrence of several cm-to dm-scale SSDS within sandstone successions of the Mesoproterozoic Kaimur Group(Vindhyan Supergroup),exposed at the Hanumandhara Hill of Chitrakoot-Satna border region,Madhya Pradesh State,*** SSDS are confined to a deformed interval comprising seven individual sedimentary units of variable composition and texture,which are sandwiched between nearly horizontally undeformed sandstone *** SSDS consist of load structures(load casts,flame structures,pseudonodules and ball-and-pillow structures),contorted lamination,convolute lamination,boudins and pinch-and-swell structures,deformed cross-stratification,slump structures,clastic injections,fluid escape structures,and syn-sedimentary fractures/*** pre-sent study suggests that the formation of these SSDS is essentially related to a combination of processes(gravitational instability,liquefaction,fluidization,and fluid escape)predominantly induced by seismic *** addition,the restricted occurrence of fractures/faults in these deformed layers emphasizes the passage of seismically-induced Rayleigh *** the observed types of SSDS,their lateral homo-geneity and geographic distribution along with the geodynamic framework of the Vindhyan Basin,the whole area can be tentatively attributed to having experienced moderate-to high-magnitude(M≥5)*** present study combined with earlier reports of seismically-induced SSDS,from other regionally disposed formations belonging to the Lower(e.g.,Kajrahat Limestone,Chopan Porcellanite,Koldaha Shale,Rohtas Limestone,and Glauconitic Sandstone of the Semri Group)and Upper(e.g.,Bhander Limestone of the Bhander Group)Vindhyan Supergroup,respectively,provi

关键词： Soft-sediment deformation structures SSDS Seismites Kaimur Group Vindhyan Basin Sand-stone Central India

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Development of Green Polymer Electrolyte Through Hot Press Method

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Electrical Science & Engineering 2019年第1期1卷 1-8页

作者： Nidhi Asthana Mrigank Mauli Dwivedi Kamlesh Pandey national centre of experimental mineralogy and petrology University of AllahabadAllahabad211002India

To develop the green polymeric membrane electrolyte,-Polycaprolactone(PCL)was used as a host and the Ionic liquid(IL)(1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tosylate)as a *** IL is a source of mobile charges in the polymer electrolyte *** composite membrane has been prepared by Hot Press method and then we characterised this membrane for ionic *** of nanocomposite system has been ascertained from their XRD *** phenomenon was studied by ATR based FTIR and Laser Raman spectroscopic *** of conductivity with composition and temperature was studied with the aid of impedance spectroscopy data.

关键词： Green polymer electrolyte XRD FTIR Ionic liquid Hot press method

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Alkali control of high-grade metamorphism and granitization

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 711-727页

作者： Oleg G.Safonov Leonid Y.Aranovich Institute of experimental mineralogy RAS ChernogolovkaMoscow RegionRussia Department of petrology Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Department of Geology.University of Johannesburg Johannesburg.South Africa Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits PetrographyMineralogy and Geochemistry

We review petrologic observations of reaction textures from high-grade rocks that suggest the passage of fluids with variable alkali activities. Development of these reaction textures is accompanied by regular compositional variations in plagioclase, pyroxenes, biotite, amphibole and garnet. The textures are interpreted in terms of exchange and net-transfer reactions controlled by the K and Na activities in the fluids. On the regional scale, these reactions operate in granitized, charnockitized, syenitized etc. shear zones within high-grade complexes. Thermodynamic calculations in simple chemical systems show that changes in mineral assemblages, including the transition from the hydrous to the anhydrous ones, may occur at constant pressure and temperature due only to variations in the H2O and the alkali activities. A simple procedure for estimating the activity of the two major alkali oxides, K2O and Na2O, is imple- mented in the TWQ software. Examples of calculations are presented for well-documented dehydration zones from South Africa, southern India, and Sri Lanka. The calculations have revealed two end-member regimes of alkalis during specific metamorphic processes： rock buffered, which is characteristic for the precursor rocks containing two feldspars, and fluid-buffered for the precursor rocks without K-feldspar. The observed reaction textures and the results of thermodynamic modeling are compared with the results of available experimental studies on the interaction of the alkali chloride and carbonate-bearing fluids with metamorphic rocks at mid-crustal conditions. The experiments show the complex effect of alkali activities in the fluid phase on the mineral assemblages. Both thermodynamic calculations and experiments closely reproduce paragenetic relations theoretically predicted by D.S. Korzhinskii in the 1940s.

关键词： High-grade metamorphismAlkali activityFluidsReaction texturesFluid-mineral reactionsThermodynamic modeling

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No more blind dates with calcite:Fluid-flow ***-slip along the O?kov thrust,Prague Basin

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 167-178页

作者： Nick M.W.Roberts Ji?í ?ák Franti?ek Vacek Ji?í Sláma Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyEnvironmental Science Centre Institute of Geology and Paleontology Faculty of ScienceCharles University Department of mineralogy and petrology National Museum Institute of Geology Czech Academy of Sciences

Dating of fracture-filling calcite with U-Pb geochronology is becoming a rapidly adopted technique for determining the absolute timing of brittle deformation in the upper *** calcite is a desirable target,as it precipitates between individual fault slip displacement events,and provides additional kinematic *** we present a case study of slickenfibres formed on the O?kov thrust in the Lower Palaezoic Prague Basin,Bohemian Massif,utilising a combination of petrographic and in situ *** demonstrate that slickenfibre external textures can be preserved,whilst internally primary textures are removed by fluid infiltration and recrystallization,leading to variable U and Pb *** slickenfibre yielded a date of ca.250 Ma,which we interpret as recording fault slip along the O?kov *** cross-cutting slickenfibre yielded more scattered U-Pb data,with an imprecise apparent age around ca.95 *** slickenfibre is recrystallised,destroying the primary textures,and exhibits element *** meaning of this younger apparent age is therefore questionable;whereas it likely reflects Cretaceous U and Pb mobility assisted by fluid-flow along the fault plane,it may not reflect a period of fault *** results demonstrate that slickenfibre-based U-Pb dates do not unequivocally relate to fault motion,and that petrographic and elemental analyses are important requirements for interpreting calcite U-Pb data.

关键词： U-Pb geochronology Calcite Fault dating Fluid-flow Prague Basin LA-ICP-MS

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Mineral Reaction and Oxygen Isotope Equilibrium——An experimental Study on the Calcite-Forsterite System

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1994年第16期39卷 1382-1385页

作者：郑永飞 P. Metz M. Satir Department of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PRC Institute for mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry University of Tubingen Wilhelmstrasse 56D-72074 Tubingen Germany

There are few mineral reaction experiments dealing with the stable isotope fractionation factors between the reaction products. The only known example is to determine oxygen isotope fractionations between quartz and magnetite at 600 and 800℃ by oxidizing fayalite to form quartz and magnetite. This experimental result has been confirmed by the experiments of isotope exchange reaction. In this note, we report the results of an investigation of oxygen isotope fractionation between calcite

关键词： mineral reaction equilibrium fractionation oxygen isotopes calcite forsterite.

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Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Talas-Fergana region of the Kyrgyz Tien Shan revealed by low-temperature basement and detrital thermochronology

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1495-1514页

作者： Simon Nachtergaele Elien De Pelsmaeker Stijn Glorie Fedor Zhimulev Marc Jolivet Martin Danisík Mikhail M.Buslov Johan De Grave Laboratory for mineralogy and petrology Department of GeologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TraX)Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Institute of Geology&mineralogy Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesNovosibirskRussia Universitéde Rennes 1 Laboratoire Géosciences RennesUMR 6118 CNRSRennesFrance John de Laeter centre Applied GeologyTIGeRCurtin UniversityPerth6846Australia

This study provides new low-temperature thermochronometric data, mainly apatite fission track data on the basement rocks in and adjacent to the Talas-Fergana Fault, in the Kyrgyz Tien Shan in the first *** the second place, we also present new detrital apatite fission track data on the Meso-Cenozoic sediments from fault related basins and surrounding intramontane basins. Our results confirm multistaged Meso-Cenozoic tectonic activity, possibly induced by the accretion of the so-called Cimmerian blocks to the Eurasian margin. New evidence for this multi-staged thermo-tectonic activity is found in the data of both basement and Meso-Cenozoic sediment samples in or close to the Talas-Fergana ***(U-Th)/He and apatite fission track data constrain rapid Late TriassiceE arly Jurassic and Late JurassiceE arly Cretaceous basement cooling in the Kyrgyz Tien Shan around 200 Ma and 130 -100 Ma respectively. Detrital apatite fission track results indicate a different burial history on both sides of the Talas-Fergana Fault. The apatite fission track system of the Jurassic sediments in the Middle Tien Shan unit east of the Talas-Fergana Fault is not reset, while the Jurassic sediments in the Fergana Basin and Yarkand-Fergana Basin, west of the fault zone, are partially and in some cases even totally reset. The totally reset samples exhibit Oligocene and Miocene ages and evidence the Cenozoic reactivation of the western Kyrgyz Tien Shan as a consequence of the India-Eurasia convergence.

关键词： Tian Shan Central Asian Orogenic Belt Thermal history modelling Apatite fission track dating Zircon(U-Th)/He dating

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Nomore blind dates with calcite: Fluid-flow vs. fault-slip along the Očkov thrust, Prague Basin

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 163-174页

作者： Nick M.W.Roberts JiříŽák František Vacek JiříSláma Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyEnvironmental Science CentreNottingham NG125GGUK Institute of Geology and Paleontology Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityAlbertov 6Prague 12843Czech Republic Department of mineralogy and petrology National MuseumVáclavskénáměstí68Prague 11579Czech Republic Institute of Geology Czech Academy of Sciencesv.v.i.Rozvojová269Prague 16500Czech Republic

Dating of fracture-filling calcitewith U-Pb geochronology is becoming a rapidly adopted technique for determining the absolute timing of brittle deformation in the upper *** calcite is a desirable target,as it precipitates between individual fault slip displacement events,and provides additional kinematic *** we present a case study of slickenfibres formed on the Očkov thrust in the Lower Palaezoic Prague Basin,Bohemian Massif,utilising a combination of petrographic and in situ *** demonstrate that slickenfibre external textures can be preserved,whilst internally primary textures are removed by fluid infiltration and recrystallization,leading to variable U and Pb *** slickenfibre yielded a date of ca.250 Ma,which we interpret as recording fault slip along the Očkov *** cross-cutting slickenfibre yielded more scattered U-Pb data,with an imprecise apparent age around ca.95 *** slickenfibre is recrystallised,destroying the primary textures,and exhibits element *** meaning of this younger apparent age is therefore questionable;whereas it likely reflects Cretaceous U and Pb mobility assisted by fluid-flow along the fault plane,it may not reflect a period of fault *** results demonstrate that slickenfibre-based U-Pb dates do not unequivocally relate to fault motion,and that petrographic and elemental analyses are important requirements for interpreting calcite U-Pb data.

关键词： U-Pb geochronology Calcite Fault dating Fluid-flow Prague Basin LA-ICP-MS

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The state of gold in phases of the Cu-Fe-S system:In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy study

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第3期14卷 103-116页

作者： Boris R.Tagirov Olga N.Filimonova Alexander L.Trigub Ilya V.Vikentyev Elena V.Kovalchuk Maximilian S.Nickolsky Andrey A.Shiryaev Vladimir L.Reukov Dmitry A.Chareev Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits(IGEM RAS) 35Staromonetnyi per119017 MoscowRussia national Research centre‘Kurchatov Institute’ 1Akademika Kurchatova pl123182 MoscowRussia Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry(IPCE RAS) 31Leninsky Prospect119071 MoscowRussia Institute of experimental mineralogy(IEM RAS) 142432 ChernogolovkaMoscow RegionRussia

Chalcopyrite and bornite are the main Au-bearing minerals at Cu porphyry deposits,volcanogenic massive sulfide(VMS)deposits,Cu-Ni deposits of the mafic magmatic complexes,and ores of submarine sulfide *** and intermediate solid solutions with wide compositional variations(bnss and iss–high-temperature chalcopyrite,correspondingly),which can scavenge economic concentrations of Au,appear in the Cu-Fe-S system at ore-forming ***,the state of Au in bnss and iss is yet *** solve this conundrum,we synthesized samples with net chemical composition of bnss and iss,studied them by in situ X–ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),and used the experimental data to explain the Au distribution among natural ore-forming *** sulfide samples were obtained at 495–700℃ in Au-saturated system by means of salt flux *** bnss contained1.2–1.6 log units more Au than iss:up to 18 wt.%Au in bnss vs 0.4 wt.%Au in iss at 700*** increase of temperature resulted in the sharp increase of Au concentration in both phases,1 log unit per 100℃ at f(S2)close to S_((l)) *** of Au L_(3)-edge spectra recorded at 25–675℃ revealed that at 25℃ Au exists mainly in the metallic *** t>500℃ the spectral features of Audisappear,and “chemically bound”Au *** Au form of occurrence in the iss field is interpreted as Au-bearing clusters with a stromeyerite-like(CuAgS)*** Cu_(2–x)S and bnss contain Au in a mixture of stromeyeritelike and petrovskaite-like(Au_(0.8)Ag_(1.2)S)*** chemical composition of both forms is close to CuAuS,where the nearest Au neighbors are two S atoms at R_(Au-S)=2.34–2.36Å.Results of the present study allow to determine the state of Au and its concentration in the main Cu-bearing minerals of sulfide ores as a function of the T-f(S_(2))-compositional *** to the sharp increase of the CuAuS clusters stability with increasing temperature,in high-temperature ores formed at t>350℃ A

关键词： “Invisible”gold Bornite solid solution Intermediate solid solution Digenite Chalcopyrite X-ray absorption spectroscopy

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A study on assessment of hydrocarbon potential of the lignite deposits of Saurashtra basin, Gujarat （Western India）

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2017年第4期4卷 310-321页

作者： Prakash K. Singh V. K. Singh P. K. Rajak Neeraj Mathur Coal and Organic petrology Lab Centre of Advanced Studyin Geology Banaras Hindu University VaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005 India centre of Excellence for Energy Studies Oil India LimitedRukminigaon GS Road Guwahati Assam 781022 India

In the present investigation, Bhavnagar lignites of the Saurashtra basin （Gujarat） have been studied to assess their hydrocarbon generating potential. The samples of upper as well as lower lignite seams have been studied through microscopy and subjected to various chemical analyses viz. proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and Rock-Eval Pyrolysis. These lignites have high moisture and low to moderate ash yield but are characterized by high volatile matter. Petro- graphically they comprise predominantly of huminite group maceral while liptinite and inertinite groups occur in sub- ordinated amount. Huminite is chiefly composed of detrohuminite and telohuminite. The Tma~ （av. 416.23 ~C） and huminite reflectivity （0.28%-0.30%） indicate a low degree of maturity for these lignites which is also substantiated by the T,n~~ versus hydrogen index plot. The organic matter is subjugated by kerogen Type-III with a potential to expel hydrocarbon on liquefaction. Study further reveals that the fixed hydrocarbon is several folds higher than the free hydrocarbons. Being high in reactive maceral content, a high ＇conversion＇ and good ＇oil yield＇ values for these lignites were observed. Thus, the empirically derived values match well with those obtained through the experimental values of Rock-Eval Pyrolysis and validate their hydrocarbon generating potential.

关键词： Saurashtra lignite. Reactive maceral - Rock-Eval. Hydrocarbon generating potential

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experimental and petrological constraints on local-scale interaction of biotite-amphibole gneiss with H_2O-CO_2-(K,Na) Cl fluids at middle-crustal conditions:Example from the Limpopo Complex,South Africa

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第6期3卷 829-841页

作者： Oleg G.Safonov Elizaveta I.Kovaleva Svetlana A.Kosova H.M.Rajesh Georgy A.Belyanin Maria A.Golunova Dirk D.Van Reenen Institute of experimental mineralogy RAS ChernogolovkaMoscow Region 142432.Russia Department of petrology.Moscow State University Moscow 119899Russia Department of Geology University of JohannesburgP.O.Box 524Auckland Park 2006JohannesburgSouth Africa Labor fur Geochronologie Department fur LithospharenforschungUniversitat WienAlthanstrasse 14A-1090 ViennaAustria Institute of experimental mineralogy RAS ChernogolovkaMoscow Region 142432Russia Department of Geology University of JohannesburgP.O.Box 524Auckland Park 2006Johannesburg.South Africa

Reaction textures and fluid inclusions in the -2.0 Ga pyroxene-bearing dehydration zones within the Sand River biotite-hornblende orthogneisses （Central Zone of the Limpopo Complex） suggest that the formation of these zones is a result of close interplay between dehydration process along ductile shear zones triggered by H2O-CO2-salt fluids at 750--800 ℃ and 5.5--6.2 kbar, partial melting, and later exsolution of residual brine and H2O-CO2 fluids during melt crystallization at 650--700 ℃. These processes caused local variations of water and alkali activity in the fluids, resulting in various mineral assemblages within the dehydration zone. The petrological observations are substantiated by experiments on the interaction of the Sand River gneiss with the H2O-CO2-（K, Na）Cl fluids at 750 and 800 ℃ and 5.5 kbar. It follows that the interaction of biotite-amphibole gneiss with H2O-CO2-（K, Na）CI fluids is accompanied by partial melting at 750--800 ℃. Orthopyroxene-bearing assemblages are characteristic for temperature 800 ℃ and are stable in equilibrium with fluids with low salt concentrations, while salt-rich fluids produce clinopyroxene-bearing assemblages. These observations are in good agreement with the petrological data on the dehydration zones within the Sand River olthogneisses.

关键词： Charnockite Fluid-rock interaction CO2-rich fluids NaCl-KCl brines Partial melting experimental petrology

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