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Oxygen isotope-salinity relation in an Arctic fjord(Kongsfjorden):Implications to hydrographic variability

Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1937-1943页

作者： Manish Tiwari Siddhesh Nagoji Vikash Kumar Shubham Tripathi Padmasini Behera national centre for polar&ocean research Vasco-da-GamaGoa 403804India

The global warming leads to a large freshwater influx into the Arctic ocean, which has adverse implications to the sea-ice dynamics, ocean circulation, and acidification. The relationship between oxygen isotope ratio(δ^(18)O) and salinity(S) is helpful in exploring various hydrographic processes related to the freshwater influx and is also required to accurately determine past salinity variability using oxygen isotope ratio of the carbonates. In view of this, systematic measurements of δ^(18)O and salinity of water from an Arctic fjord(Kongsfjorden) were carried out during the summer season of 2013. Until now, the relationships between δ^(18)O and salinity from such fjords were based on a limited number of samples collected during a very short span of time and thus may not accurately represent the long-term conditions prevailing in the fjord. The present study determines a more representative δ^(18)O-salinity relationship as water samples from different depths and location over a long period were systematically collected. The water samples were collected from four different locations at different depths along the axis of the fjord representing the inner and outer fjords. The inner stations(1-8 and 1-6) exhibit lowerδ^(18)O values than the outer stations(1-1 and 1-3), which indicate the higher influence of freshwater from glacial melting in the inner stations. The δ^(18)O-salinity relationship from the inner and outer fjords yield a slope of 0.54(r^2 = 0.67, n = 56) and 0.39(r^2 = 0.66, n = 68), respectively. The δ^(18)O of freshwater influx in the fjord is estimated at-18.4‰, which is close to the widely accepted freshwater-δ^(18)O value of the Arctic basin. The δ^(18)O of glacial discharge, which is the largest source of freshwater influx to the fjord, is estimated at ca.-21.0‰, which will be useful for future freshwater budget calculations.

关键词： Arctic Fjord Oxygen isotopes Salinity Freshwater Melting

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First observation results of Macao Science Satellite-1 on lightning-induced electron precipitation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 1-10页

作者： Yongping WANG Yixin SUN Qiugang ZONG Gaopeng LU Xudong GU Ze-Jun HU Bin LI Key Laboratory for polar Science Ministry of Natural Resources Polar Research Institute of China Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Science Macau University of Science and Technology School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China School of Electronic Information Wuhan University

The Medium-energy Electron Spectrometers(MES) is a space-borne instrument onboard Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) dedicated to monitoring the typical charged particle radiation characteristics in the satellite orbit and the process of their occurrence and development, including short bursts of lightning-induced electron precipitation(LEP).This paper presents the first results of the LEP measurements by the MSS-1.47 LEP events are identified with the routine operation for 3 months since satellite launch, all within the range of 1.5

关键词： Lightning-induced electron precipitation Inner radiation belts Energetic electrons Macao Science Satellite-1

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16.48% Efficient solution-processed CIGS solar cells with crystal growth and defects engineering enabled by Ag doping strategy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 59-65页

作者： Mengyu Xu Shaocong Yan Ting Liang Jia Jia Shengjie Yuan Dongxing Kou Zhengji Zhou Wenhui Zhou Yafang Qi Yuena Meng Litao Han Sixin Wu Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of MOE National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering Henan University

Solution-processed Cu（In,Ga）Se2（CIGS） solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency（PCE） loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of ***, we propose Ag&Se co-selenization strategy to enhance the crystallization and passivate harmful defects of the CIGS films. The formation of Ag-Se phase during the selenization process enables the formation of large grains and suppresses the deep level defects. It is found that Ag doping can enlarge the depletion region width, lower the Urbach energy and prolong the carrier lifetime. As a result, a champion solution-processed CIGS solar cell presents a high efficiency of 16.48% with the highly improved opencircuit voltage（VOC） of 662 m V and fill factor（FF） of 75.8%. This work provides an efficient strategy to prepare high quality solution-processed CIGS films for high-performance CIGS solar cells.

关键词： Cell engineering

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Personalized federated few-shot node classification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 204-218页

作者： Yunfeng ZHAO Xintong HE Guoxian YU Jun WANG Yongqing ZHENG Carlotta DOMENICONI School of Software Shandong University Joint SDU-NTU centre for Artificial Intelligence research Shandong University Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science George Mason University

Personalized federated learning(PFL) aims to train customized models for individual clients in a decentralized setting, with the account of non-independent and identically distributed data across clients. However, most PFL methods adopt uniform classification layers for diverse clients and give rise to error-prone predictions, due to the task heterogeneity notably prominent in decentralized graph data scenarios. Although some PFL solutions setup client-specific classification layers for each client and optimize them only locally, they are corrupted with limited local training data. We propose an innovative solution called federated parameter decoupling and node augmentation(Fed PANo) to address these problems and to achieve personalized federated few-shot node classification, which is a prevalent and challenging but unexplored topic. Specifically, Fed PANo first separates the local model into the GNN and classifier to handle unique client-specific task variations. The GNN is trained through federated learning to capture shared knowledge of graph nodes across clients, while the classifier is custom-designed and trained individually for each client. Additionally, a generic classifier shared among clients is adopted to encourage the GNN's grasp of shared information. Then Fed PANo further proposes the node generator along with its local and collaborative training strategies to deal with the node scarcity of clients. Extensive experimental results on benchmark datasets confirm that Fed PANo outperforms eight competitive baselines across different settings.

关键词： personalized federated learning few-shot learning node classification task heterogeneity parameter decoupling node augmentation

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Structural and microwave absorption properties of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/residual carbon composites

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 221-232页

作者： Yuanchun Zhang Shengtao Gao Xingzhao Zhang Dacheng Ma Chuanlei Zhu Jun He Joint national-Local Engineering research centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

Electromagnetic interference,which necessitates the rapid advancement of substances with exceptional capabilities for bsorbing electromagnetic waves,is of urgent concern in contemporary *** this work,CoFe_(2)O_(4)/residual carbon from coal gasification fine slag(CFO/RC)composites were created using a novel hydrothermal *** mechanisms for microwave absorption,including conductive loss,natural resonance,interfacial dipole polarization,and magnetic flux loss,are involved in these ***,compared with pure residual carbon materials,this composite offers superior capabilities in microwave *** 7.76GHz,the CFO/RC-2 composite achieves an impressive minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of-43.99 dB with a thickness of 2.44 ***,CFO/RC-3 demonstrates an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of up to 4.16 GHz,accompanied by a thickness of *** study revealed the remarkable capability of the composite to diminish electromagnetic waves,providing a new generation method for microwave absorbing materials of superior quality.

关键词： coal gasification slag residual carbon hydrothermal method microwave absorption CoFe_(2)O_(4)

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Constructing 2D bismuth-based heterostructure for highly efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 71-79页

作者： Ruo-Hang Xu Hao-Yu Jiang Dan-Dan Cui Kun-Rong Du Hong-Run Zhang Sheng-Jie Xu Ya-Qi Li Zhi-Zhen Ren Liang Wang Wei-Chang Hao Yi Du School of Physics and BUAA-UOW Joint research centre Beihang University Shenzhen Institute of Beihang University centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy School of Environment and Science Griffith University

Reforming carbon dioxide（CO2） into fuels and valuable chemicals using solar energy holds significant potential for emission reduction and addressing energy supply *** recombination of photocarriers remains a major obstacle,however,to enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency in the photocatalytic reaction *** two-dimensional materials,constructing heterogeneous structures has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance the separation of photoexcited carriers by leveraging the internal electric field at the heterogeneous ***,we present a facile strategy for preparing Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6plate-on-plate Z-scheme junctions with a strong internal electric field by in situ *** unique heterostructure facilitates efficient separation and transport of photoexcited charges by harnessing the internal electric field induced by chemical bonding at the lateral ***,the Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6heterostructure exhibits enhanced CO2photoreduction properties,along with a CO yield rate of approximately 35 μmol·g-1·h-1under full light *** work offers novel insights into the synthesis of unique hetero structures intended to enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic CO2reduction.

关键词： Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6 CO2 reduction Heterostructures Photocatalysts

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Photobiomodulation:a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第2期20卷 598-608页

作者： Daniella Da Silva Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg Anine Crous Heidi Abrahamse Laser research centre Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular *** has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration,which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of *** this in vitro study,we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain *** investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/*** adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory *** findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers,with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control ***,green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation,while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal *** biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,we observed marked improvements in viability,proliferation,membrane permeability,and mitochondrial membrane potential,as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic ***,our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells,offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.

关键词： differentiation inducers green photobiomodulation immortalized adipose-derived stem cell near-infrared photobiomodulation neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis photobiomodulation trans-differentiation

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“One stone, two birds”: Salt template enabling porosity engineering and single metal atom coordinating toward high-performance zinc-ion capacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 637-645页

作者： Chunliu Zhu Huanyu Liang Ping Li Chenglong Qiu Jingyi Wu Jingwei Chen Weiqian Tian Yue Zhu Zhi Li Huanlei Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta

Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors （ZIHCs） have received increasing attention as energy storage devices owing to their low cost,high safety,and environmental ***,their progress has been hampered by low energy and power density,as well as unsatisfactory long-cycle stability,mainly due to the lack of suitable electrode *** this context,we have developed manganese single atoms implanted in nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets （MnSAs/NCNs） using a metal salt template method as cathodes for *** metal salt serves a dual purpose in the synthesis process:It facilitates the uniform dispersion of Mn atoms within the carbon matrix and acts as an activating agent to create the porous *** applied in ZIHCs,the MnSAs/NCNs electrode demonstrates exceptional performance,including a high capacity of 203 m Ah g-1,an energy density of 138 Wh kg-1at 68 W kg-1,and excellent cycle stability with 91%retention over 10,000 *** calculations indicate that the introduced Mn atoms modulate the local charge distribution of carbon materials,thereby improving the electrochemical *** work demonstrates the significant potential of carbon materials with metal atoms in zinc-ion hybrid capacitors,not only in enhancing electrochemical performance but also in providing new insights and methods for developing high-performance energy storage devices.

关键词： Zinc ion hybrid capacitors Cathodes Carbon materials Heteroatoms Single atoms

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Structural Characteristics of the Andaman Forearc Inferred from Interpretation of Multichannel Seismic Reflection Data

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第4期88卷 1145-1156页

作者： Anitha GOLI Dhananjai K.PANDEY national centre for Antarctic and ocean research

The Andaman Forearc Basin （AFB） is asymmetric in configuration and filled with a-6 km-thick pile of Neogene to Recent sediments （-4 s in two-way travel time： TWT） with distinct zonation. It shows gradual thinning up to -3 km （0.8 s in TWT） towards the eastern end with a seabed gradient of 1：30. Thick deformed sediments -2 s （TWT） of the Outerarc are associated with intense faulting and occasional folding caused by recent tectonics. Development of a series of faults within the upwarped sedimentary column of Oligocene top to Recent is observed with a rotated fault block. These features are manifestations of Recent igneous intrusion, and reveal the presence of a mild N-S compressional regime. Its effect on the AFB resulted in further uplift of sediments, which can now be seen as the Invisible Bank. Forward gravity modelling supporting our seismic interpretation reveals that it is associated with igneous intrusion from the Moho （-9 km depth）, and also suggests that continental crust underlies the AFB. Strong Bottom Simulating Reflector （BSR）-like features in the Miocene sediments of Outerarc and Forearc basin at a depth of 0.6 s below the seabed suggest the inferred probable occurrence of gas hydrates in the AFB.

关键词： Structural geology tectonics Tertiary hydrocarbon potential upwarp Andaman Indian ocean

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Phytoplankton abundance and community structure in the Antarctic polar frontal region during austral summer of 2009

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Chinese Journal of oceanology and Limnology 2013年第1期31卷 21-30页

作者： SHRAMIK Patil RAHUL Mohan SUHAS Shetye SAHINA Gazi national centre for Antarctic and ocean research

The Antarctic polar front region in the Southern ocean is known to be most productive. We studied the phytoplankton community structure in the Indian sector at this frontal location during late austral summer (February, 2009) onboard R/V Akademic Boris Petrov. We used the phytoplankton and microheterotrophs abundance, as also the associated physico-chemical parameters to explain the low phytoplankton abundance in the study region. This study emphasizes the shift of phytoplankton, from large (>10 μm) to small (10 μm) phytoplankton abundance during the late austral summer. This study highlights the highly productive polar front nevertheless becomes a region of low phytoplankton abundance, due to community shifts towards pico-phytoplankton (<10 μm) during late austral summer.

关键词： Southern ocean polar front diatom ciliate dinoflagellate

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