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Detection of a temporal salient object benefits from visual stimulus-specific adaptation in avian midbrain inhibitory nucleus

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 288-306页

作者： Jiangtao WANG Xiaoping RAO Shuman HUANG Zhizhong WANG Xiaoke NIU Minjie ZHU Songwei WANG Li SHI Department of Automation Zhengzhou University School of Electrical EngineeringZhengzhouChina State Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics National Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanKey Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological SystemsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Food and predators are the most noteworthy objects for the basic survival of wild animals,and both are often deviant in both spatial and temporal domains and quickly attract an animal’s *** stimulus-specific adaptation(SSA)is considered a potential neural basis of salient sound detection in the temporal domain,related research on visual SSA is limited and its relationship with temporal saliency is *** avian nucleus isthmi pars magnocellularis(Imc),which is central to midbrain selective attention network,is an ideal site to investigate the neural correlate of visual SSA and detection of a salient object in the time ***,the constant order paradigm was applied to explore the visual SSA in the Imc of *** results showed that the firing rates of Imc neurons gradually decrease with repetitions of motion in the same direction,but recover when a motion in a deviant direction is presented,implying visual SSA to the direction of a moving ***,enhanced response for an object moving in other directions that were not presented ever in the paradigm is also *** verify the neural mechanism underlying these phenomena,we introduced a neural computation model involving a recoverable synaptic change with a“center-surround”pattern to reproduce the visual SSA and temporal saliency for the moving *** results suggest that the Imc produces visual SSA to motion direction,allowing temporal salient object detection,which may facilitate the detection of the sudden appearance of a predator.

关键词： adaptation attention model pigeon saliency

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Fluorinated [2]rotaxanes as sensitive 19F MRI agents: Threading for higher sensitivity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 405-408页

作者： Lan Yang Yu Li Mou Jiang Rui Zhou Hengjiang Cong Minghui Yang Lei Zhang Shenhui Li Yunhuang Yang Maili Liu Xin Zhou Zhong-Xing Jiang Shizhen Chen State Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Optics Valley Laboratory

As a promising imaging technology, the low sensitivity of fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging(19F MRI) severely hinders its biomedical applications. Herein, we have developed an unprecedented rotaxanebased strategy to improve the sensitivity of19F MRI agents. By threading the fluorinated macrocycle into2-blade pinwheel [2]rotaxanes, the19F longitudinal relaxation rate R1was dramatically increased, resulting in a significant19F MRI signal intensity enhancement of up to 79%. Through comparative molecular dynamics studies using a series of solution and solid-state1H/19F nuclear magnetic resonance(1H/19F NMR) and molecular dynamics simulations, it was found that the formation of mechanical bonds dramatically restricts the motion of the wheel fluorines and thus increasing the R1for higher19F MRI *** a novel strategy for improving19F MRI sensitivity, this study has established19F NMR/MRI as a valuable technology for monitoring the molecular dynamics of rotaxanes, which may shed new light on high-performance19F MRI agents and molecular devices.

关键词： 19F MRI Imaging agent Mechanical bond Relaxation rate Rotaxane

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Chronic sleep deprivation induces alterations in DNA and RNA modifications by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 413-417页

作者： Tian Feng Yun-Ling Gao Di Hu Ke-Yu Yuan Shu-Yi Gu Yao-Hua Gu Si-Yu Yu Jun Xiong Yu-Qi Feng Jie Wang Bi-Feng Yuan School of Public Health Research Center of Public HealthRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases Xiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441000China Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China

Sleep deprivation(SD)is a widespread issue that disrupts the lives of millions of *** effects ini-tiate as changes within neurons,specifically at the DNA and RNA level,leading to disruptions in neuronal plasticity and the dysregulation of various cognitive functions,such as learning and *** acid epigenetic modifications that could regulate gene expression have been reported to play crucial roles in this ***,there is a lack of comprehensive research on the correlation of SD with nucleic acid epigenetic *** the current study,we aimed to systematically investigate the landscape of modifications in DNA as well as in small RNA molecules across multiple tissues,including the heart,liver,kidney,lung,hippocampus,and spleen,in response to chronic sleep deprivation(CSD).Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)analysis,we characterized the dynamic changes in DNA and RNA modification profiles in different tissues of mice under CSD ***,we ob-served a significant decrease in the level of 5-methylcytosine(5mC)and a significant increase in the level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5hmC)in the kidney in CSD *** RNA modifications,we observed an overall increased trend for most of these significantly changed modifications across six tis-sues in CSD *** study sheds light on the significance of DNA and RNA modifications as crucial epigenetic markers in the context of CSD-induced stress.

关键词： Sleep deprivation Epigenetics Mass spectrometry DNA modification RNA modification Small RNA

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A Non-canonical Excitatory PV RGC–PV SC Visual Pathway for Mediating the Looming-evoked Innate Defensive Response

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 310-324页

作者： Man Yuan Sen Jin Gao Tan Siyuan Song Yizong Liu Huadong Wang Yin Shen Eye Center Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan430060China The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for BiomedicineShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsNational Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal ProductsShenzhen Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based TherapeuticsGuangdong Provincial Medical Products AdministrationShenzhen518055China Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute Baylor College of MedicineHouston77030USA State Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological SystemsWuhan Center for Magnetic ResonanceInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyCASWuhan430071China Frontier Science Center of Immunology and Metabolism Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China

Parvalbumin-positive retinal ganglion cells(PV+RGCs)are an essential subset of RGCs found in various ***,their role in transmitting visual information remains ***,we characterized PV+RGCs in the retina and explored the functions of the PV+RGC-mediated visual *** applying multiple viral tracing strategies,we investigated the downstream of PV+RGCs across the whole ***,we found that the PV+RGCs provided direct monosynaptic input to PV+excitatory neurons in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus(SC).Ablation or suppression of SC-projecting PV+RGCs abolished or severely impaired the flight response to looming visual stimuli in mice without affecting visual ***,using transcriptome expression profiling of individual cells and immunofluorescence colocalization for RGCs,we found that PV+RGCs are predominant glutamatergic ***,our findings indicate the critical role of PV+RGCs in an innate defensive response and suggest a non-canonical subcortical visual pathway from excitatory PV+RGCs to PV+SC neurons that regulates looming visual *** results provide a potential target for intervening and treating diseases related to this circuit,such as schizophrenia and autism.

关键词： Parvalbumin-positive retinal ganglion cell Innate fear Superior colliculus Excitatory-excitatory neuronal connection Looming-evoked defensive response Subcortical pathway

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Human islet amyloid polypeptide oligomers stabilized and probed by MAS NMR

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magnetic resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 61-62页

作者： Ziwei Chang Zhengfeng Zhang Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China

The capture and characterization of oligomers are extremely important in the studies of amyloid aggregation of proteins and *** are critical intermediates that can impact the structures of amyloid ***,it is widely accepted that oligomers are the most toxic species along the aggregation pathway[1e4].The studies of oligomers are believed to shed light on the molecular mechanism of amyloid fibrillation and probably the medical clues for related *** vitro investigations of amyloid oligomers are challenging due to their transient and polymorphic nature[5].This is particularly evident in the case of human type-2 diabetes-associated islet amyloid polypeptide(hIAPP),which tends to rapidly form polymorphic fibrils within minutes[6].Notably,hIAPP demonstrates a higher propensity for rapid aggregation compared to other amyloid proteins such as a-synuclein[7].

关键词： aggregation oligomer stabilized

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Ingenious liquid-observed vapor exchange (LOVE) NMR method revealing how sugars protect dry protein structure

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magnetic resonance Letters 2024年第2期4卷 75-76页

作者： Geying Ru Conggang Li Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China wuhan national Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Recently,Gary et *** an article elucidating how sugars contribute to the protection of dry protein *** utilized an ingenious liquid-observed vapor exchange(LOVE)nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)method,providing valuable insights into the protection mechanism of sugars during the drying *** details of their study can be found in the article available at https://***/10.1021/***.2c00692.

关键词： structure sugar revealing

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In situ calibrated angle between the quantization axis and the propagating direction of the light field for trapping neutral atoms

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 318-323页

作者：郭瑞军何晓东盛诚王坤鹏许鹏刘敏王谨孙晓红曾勇詹明生 Henan Key Laboratory of Laser and Optoelectronic Information National Center for International Joint Research of Electronic Materials and SystemsSchool of Electrical and Information EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

The recently developed magic-intensity trapping technique of neutral atoms efficiently mitigates the detrimental effect of light shifts on atomic qubits and substantially enhances the coherence time. This technique relies on applying a bias magnetic field precisely parallel to the wave vector of a circularly polarized trapping laser field. However, due to the presence of the vector light shift experienced by the trapped atoms, it is challenging to precisely define a parallel magnetic field, especially at a low bias magnetic field strength, for the magic-intensity trapping of85Rb qubits. In this work, we present a method to calibrate the angle between the bias magnetic field and the trapping laser field with the compensating magnetic fields in the other two directions orthogonal to the bias magnetic field direction. Experimentally, with a constantdepth trap and a fixed bias magnetic field, we measure the respective resonant frequencies of the atomic qubits in a linearly polarized trap and a circularly polarized one via the conventional microwave Rabi spectra with different compensating magnetic fields and obtain the corresponding total magnetic fields via the respective resonant frequencies using the Breit–Rabi formula. With known total magnetic fields, the angle is a function of the other two compensating magnetic ***, the projection value of the angle on either of the directions orthogonal to the bias magnetic field direction can be reduced to 0(4)° by applying specific compensating magnetic fields. The measurement error is mainly attributed to the fluctuation of atomic temperature. Moreover, it also demonstrates that, even for a small angle, the effect is strong enough to cause large decoherence of Rabi oscillation in a magic-intensity trap. Although the compensation method demonstrated here is explored for the magic-intensity trapping technique, it can be applied to a variety of similar precision measurements with trapped neutral atoms.

关键词： quantization axis trapping laser angle compensating magnetic fields

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Engineered AAV13 variants with enhanced transduction and confined spread

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 781-790页

作者： Neng-Song Luo Yu-Xiang Cai Zeng-Peng Han Xiao-Kai Sui Wen-Jia Yuan Zi-Lian Zhang Hao-Dong Guo Jie Wang Kun-Zhang Lin Fu-Qiang Xu wuhan national Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430071China Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics Guangdong Provincial Medical Products AdministrationNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal ProductsBrain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Zhongnan Hospital Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China Brain Case Biotechnology Co. Ltd.ShenzhenGuangdong 518107China College of Life Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Precise targeting of specific regions within the central nervous system(CNS)is crucial for both scientific research and gene therapy in the context of brain ***-associated virus 13(AAV13)is known for its restricted diffusion range within the CNS,making it an ideal choice for precise labeling and administration within small brain ***,AAV13 mediates relatively low expression of target ***,we introduced specifically engineered modifications to the AAV13 capsid protein to enhance its transduction *** first constructed AAV13-YF by mutating tyrosine to phenylalanine on the surface of the AAV13 *** then inserted the 7m8 peptide,known to enhance cell transduction,into positions 587/588 and 585/586 of the AAV13 capsid,resulting in two distinct variants named AAV13-587-7m8 and AAV13-585-7m8,*** found that AAV13-YF exhibited superior in vitro infectivity in HEK293T cells compared to AAV13,while AAV13-587-7m8 and AAV13-585-7m8 showed enhanced CNS infection capabilities in C57BL/6 mice,with AAV13-587-7m8 infection retaining a limited spread *** modified AAV13 variants hold promising potential for applications in gene therapy and neuroscience research.

关键词： Adeno-associated virus 13 AAV13-YF AAV13-587-7m8 AAV13-585-7m8 transduction efficiency

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Strong-field photoelectron holography in the subcycle limit

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1032-1040页

作者： Tsendsuren Khurelbaatar Jaewuk Heo ShaoGang Yu XuanYang Lai XiaoJun Liu Dong Eon Kim Center for Attosecond Science and Technology Department of PhysicsPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongbuk37673Korea Max Planck POSTECH/KOREA Research Initiative PohangGyeongbuk37673Korea State Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences430071WuhanChina wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology 430206WuhanChina

Strong-field photoelectron holography is promising for the study of electron dynamics and structure in atoms and molecules,with superior spatiotemporal resolution compared to conventional electron and X-ray ***,the application of strong-field photoelectron holography has been hindered by inter-cycle interference from multicycle ***,we address this challenge by employing a near-single-cycle field to suppress the inter-cycle *** observed and separated two distinct holographic patterns for the first *** measurements allow us not only to identify the Gouy phase effect on electron wavepackets and holographic patterns but also to correctly extract the internuclear separation of the target molecule from the holographic *** work leads to a leap jump from theory to application in the field of strong-field photoelectron holography-based ultrafast imaging of molecular structures.

关键词： photoelectron holographic cycle

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Fragility crossover mediated by covalent-like electronic interactions in metallic liquids

Materials Futures

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Materials Futures 2024年第2期3卷 117-130页

作者： Hui-Ru Zhang Liang Gao Yu-Hao Ye Jia-Xin Zhang Tao Zhang Qing-Zhou Bu Qun Yang Zeng-Wei Zhu Shuai Wei Hai-Bin Yu wuhan national High magnetic Field Center and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Aarhus University8000 AarhusDenmark iMAT centre for Integrated Materials Research Aarhus University8000 AarhusDenmark

Fragility is one of the central concepts in glass and liquid sciences,as it characterizes the extent of deviation of viscosity from Arrhenius behavior and is linked to a range of glass ***,the intervention of crystallization often prevents the assessment of fragility in poor glass-formers,such as supercooled metallic *** experimental data on their compositional dependence are scarce,let alone fundamentally *** this work,we use fast scanning calorimetry to overcome this obstacle and systematically study the fragility in a ternary La–Ni–Al system,over previously inaccessible composition *** observe fragility dropped in a small range with the Al alloying,indicating an alloying-induced fragility *** use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,resistance measurements,electronic structure calculations,and DFT-based deep-learning atomic simulations to investigate the cause of this fragility *** results show that the fragility crossover can be fundamentally ascribed to the electronic covalency associated with the unique Al–Al *** findings provide insight into the origin of fragility in metallic liquids from an electronic structure perspective and pave a new way for the design of metallic glasses.

关键词： metallic glass fragility fast scanning calorimetry density functional theory deep learning potential

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