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cancer statistics for young adults aged 20 to 49 years in China from 2000 to 2017:a population-based registry study

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 711-719页

作者： Yi Teng Changfa Xia He Li Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Siyi He Mengdi Cao Shaoli Zhang Qianru Li Wanqing Chen Office of cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

An increasing cancer incidence among adults younger than 50 years has been reported for several types of cancer in multiple *** aimed to report cancer profiles and trends among young adults in *** from the China cancer Registry Annual Report were used to estimate incidence and mortality among young adults(ages 20–49 years)in China in 2017,and an age-period-cohort model was employed to estimate the average annual percent change(AAPC)in incidence and mortality from 2000 to *** 25 cancer types were grouped into obesity-or overweight-associated cancers(12 cancer types)and additional cancers(13 cancer types).In 2017,there were 681,178new cases and 214,591 cancer deaths among young adults in *** young adults,the most common cancers were thyroid,breast,cervical,liver,lung,and colorectal cancer,and the leading causes of cancer deaths were liver,lung,cervical,stomach,breast,and colorectal *** 2000 to 2017,the cancer incidence increased for all cancers combined among young adults,with the highest AAPC(1.46%)for adults aged 20–24 years,while cancer mortality decreased,with the highest AAPC(-1.63%)for those aged 35–39 *** conclusion,the cancer incidence in China has increased among young adults,while cancer mortality has decreased for nearly all *** control measures,such as obesity control and appropriate screening,may contribute to reducing the increasing cancer burden among young adults.

关键词： young adults incidence mortality trends China

cancer profiles in China and comparisons with the USA:a comprehensive analysis in the incidence,mortality,survival,staging,and attribution to risk factors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 122-131页

作者： Siyi He Changfa Xia He Li Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru Li Wanqing Chen Office of cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

China faces a disproportionate cancer burden to the population size and is undergoing a transition in the cancer *** extracted data in five aspects of cancer incidence,mortality,survival,staging distributions,and attribution to risk factors in China,the USA and worldwide from open-source *** conducted a comprehensive secondary analysis of cancer profiles in China in the above aspects,and compared cancer statistics between China and the USA.A total of 4,546,400 new cancer cases and 2,992,600 deaths occurred in China in 2020,accounting for 25.1%and 30.2%of global cases,***-related cancers including lung cancer,colorectal cancer,and breast cancer showed an upward trend and have been the leading cancer types in China.41.6%of new cancer cases and 49.3%of cancer deaths occurred in digestive-system cancers in China,and the cancers of esophagus,nasopharynx,liver,and stomach in China accounted for over 40%of global ***-related cancers showed the highest population-attributable fractions among Chinese adults,and most cancers could be attributed to behavioral and metabolic *** proportions of stage I for most cancer types were much higher in the USA than in China,except for esophageal cancer(78.2%vs.41.1%).The 5-year relative survival rates in China have improved substantially during 2000–2014,whereas survival for most cancer types in the USA was significantly higher than in China,except for upper gastrointestinal *** findings suggest that although substantial progress has been made in cancer control,especially in digestive system cancers in China,there was still a considerable disparity in cancer burden between China and the *** robust policies on risk factors and standardized screening practices are urgently warranted to curb the cancer growth and improve the prognosis for cancer patients.

关键词： cancer burden survival rate neoplasm staging risk factors China

RARRES2 regulates lipid metabolic reprogramming to mediate the development of brain metastasis in triple negative breast cancer

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Military Medical research 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： Yi-Qun Li Fang-Zhou Sun Chun-Xiao Li Hong-Nan Mo Yan-Tong Zhou Dan Lv Jing-Tong Zhai Hai-Li Qian Fei Ma Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Background Triple negative breast cancer(TNBC),the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer,is characterized by a high incidence of brain metastasis(BrM)and a poor *** the most lethal form of breast cancer,BrM remains a major clinical challenge due to its rising incidence and lack of effective treatment *** evidence suggested a potential role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer brain metastasis(BCBrM),but the underlying mechanisms are far from being fully *** Through analysis of BCBrM transcriptome data from mice and patients,and immunohistochemical validation on patient tissues,we identified and verified the specific down-regulation of retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRES2),a multifunctional adipokine and chemokine,in BrM of *** investigated the effect of aberrant RARRES2 expression of BrM in both in vitro and in vivo *** signaling pathway components were evaluated using multi-omics *** were performed to elucidate the regulation of lipid metabolic reprogramming of *** We found that downregulation of RARRES2 is specifically associated with BCBrM,and that RARRES2 deficiency promoted BCBrM through lipid metabolic ***,reduced expression of RARRES2 in brain metastatic potential TNBC cells resulted in increased levels of glycerophospholipid and decreased levels of triacylglycerols by regulating phosphatase and tensin homologue(PTEN)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP1)signaling pathway to facilitate the survival of breast cancer cells in the unique brain *** Our work uncovers an essential role of RARRES2 in linking lipid metabolic reprogramming and the development of ***2-dependent metabolic functions may serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for BCBrM.

关键词： RARRES2 Lipid metabolic reprogramming Brain metastasis(BrM) Breast cancer

Global, regional, and national burden of early-onset gastric cancer

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 667-678页

作者： Nuopei Tan Hongliang Wu Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Siyi He Mengdi Cao Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru Li Jiachen Wang Changfa Xia Wanqing Chen Department of cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Anesthesiology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective: The burden of gastric cancer(GC) across different age groups needs updating. We determined the GC global, regional, and national burden profiles and changes in incidence for 3 sequential 5-year intervals from 2003 to ***: The latest incidence and mortality estimates of GC from 185 countries and regions were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database. The 5-year interval age-standardised incidence rates(ASIRs) were evaluated using cancer registry data from volumes X±XII of the cancer Incidence in Five Continents(CI5). Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between ASIR or the age-standardised mortality rate(ASMR) and the Human Development Index(HDI).Results: There was an estimated global 968,000 new GC cases and 660,000 deaths in 2022, with male predominance. GC ASIRs and ASMRs were 9.2 and 6.1 per 100,000 persons, respectively. East Asia had the highest burden, with 53.8% of cases and 48.2% of deaths among all geographic regions. There was a significant correlation between ASIR and HDI. Over three 5-year intervals from 2003 to 2017, the incidence of GC notably decreased in most countries but peaked at 2008±2012 in New Zealand, Turkey, and South Africa. Several countries in Europe, Oceania, and America suggest an increasingly concerning trend among younger individuals, especially ***: GC is a significant health issue, especially among males and in geographic regions with an HDI, such as eastern Asia. While the incidence of GC is decreasing in many countries due to prevention efforts and improved treatments, a rising trend persists among younger individuals. Comprehensive prevention strategies tailored to different age patterns are clearly needed.

关键词： Gastric cancer cancer burden GLOBOCAN incidence mortality

The evolution of cancer genomic medicine in Japan and the role of the national cancer center Japan

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 29-44页

作者： Teruhiko Yoshida Yasushi Yatabe Ken Kato Genichiro Ishii Akinobu Hamada Hiroyuki Mano Kuniko Sunami Noboru Yamamoto Takashi Kohno Department of Genetic Medicine and Services National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Clinical research Support Offce Clinical Research Coordinating SectionBiobank Translational Research Support SectionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories National Cancer Center Hospital EastChiba 277-8577Japan Division of Molecular Pharmacology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan national cancer center research Institute Tokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Division of Genome Biology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan

The journey to implement cancer genomic medicine(CGM)in oncology practice began in the 1980s,which is considered the dawn of genetic and genomic cancer *** the time,a variety of activating oncogenic alterations and their functional significance were unveiled in cancer cells,which led to the development of molecular targeted therapies in the 2000s and *** CGM is still a relatively new discipline and it is difficult to predict to what extent CGM will benefit the diverse pool of cancer patients,the national cancer center(NCC)of Japan has already contributed considerably to CGM advancement for the conquest of *** back at these past achievements of the NCC,we predict that the future of CGM will involve the following:1)A biobank of paired cancerous and non-cancerous tissues and cells from various cancer types and stages will be *** quantity and quality of these samples will be compatible with omics *** biobank samples will be linked to longitudinal clinical information.2)New technologies,such as whole-genome sequencing and artificial intelligence,will be introduced and new bioresources for functional and pharmacologic analyses(e.g.,a patient-derived xenograft library)will be systematically deployed.3)Fast and bidirectional translational research(bench-to-bedside and bedside-to-bench)performed by basic researchers and clinical investigators,preferably working alongside each other at the same institution,will be implemented;4)Close collaborations between academia,industry,regulatory bodies,and funding agencies will be established.5)There will be an investment in the other branch of CGM,personalized preventive medicine,based on the individual's genetic predisposition to cancer.

关键词： cancer genomic medicine biobank patient-derived xenograft multi-gene panel test whole genome sequencing

TGF-βsignaling in health,disease,and therapeutics

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1466-1505页

作者： Ziqin Deng Tao Fan Chu Xiao He Tian Yujia Zheng Chunxiang Li Jie He Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

ransforming growth factor(TGF)-βis a multifunctional cytokine expressed by almost every tissue and cell *** signal transduction of TGF-βcan stimulate diverse cellular responses and is particularly critical to embryonic development,wound healing,tissue homeostasis,and immune homeostasis in *** dysfunction of TGF-βcan play key roles in many diseases,and numerous targeted therapies have been developed to rectify its pathogenic *** the past decades,a large number of studies on TGF-βsignaling have been carried out,covering a broad spectrum of topics in health,disease,and ***,a comprehensive overview of TGF-βsignaling is required for a general picture of the studies in this *** this review,we retrace the research history of TGF-βand introduce the molecular mechanisms regarding its biosynthesis,activation,and signal *** also provide deep insights into the functions of TGF-βsignaling in physiological conditions as well as in pathological ***-β-targeting therapies which have brought fresh hope to the treatment of relevant diseases are *** the summary of previous knowledge and recent updates,this review aims to provide a systematic understanding of TGF-βsignaling and to attract more attention and interest to this research area.

关键词： homeostasis healing wound

Clinical outcomes of second-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma:a real-world study

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第9期21卷 799-812页

作者： Yuxiao Liu Xiaofan Guo Peijun Xu Yuning Song Jing Huang Xingyun Chen Wenbo Zhu Jihui Hao Song Gao Department of Pancreatic cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China

Objective:Little progress has been made in recent years using first-line chemotherapy,including gemcitabine combined with nab-paclitaxel,FOLFIRINOX,and NALIRIFOX,for advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma(APC).In addition,the optimal second-line chemotherapy regimen has not been *** study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different types of second-line chemotherapy for ***:Patients with APC who received first-line treatment from January 2008 to January 2021 were considered eligible for this retrospective *** primary and secondary endpoints were overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS),***:Four hundred and thirty-seven and 617 patients were treated with 5-fluorouracil-and gemcitabine-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment,*** and clinical features,except age and liver metastasis,were comparable between the two groups(P<0.05).The median OS was 8.8 and 7.8 months in patients who received a 5-fluorouracil-and gemcitabine-based combined regimen for first-line therapy,respectively(HR=1.244,95%CI=1.090–1.419;P<0.001).The median OS was 5.6 and 1.9 months in patients who received second-line chemotherapy and supportive care,respectively(HR=0.766,95%CI=0.677–0.867;P<0.001).The median PFS was not significantly differently between gemcitabine or 5-fluorouracil monotherapy and combination ***:A 5-fluorouracil-or gemcitabine-based combined regimen was shown to be as effective as a single 5-fluorouracil or gemcitabine regimen as second-line therapy for patients with APC.

关键词： Second-line chemotherapy advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma 5-fluorouracil gemcitabine real-world study

Esophageal cancer global burden profiles, trends, and contributors

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 656-666页

作者： Yi Teng Changfa Xia Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Siyi He Mengdi Cao Shaoli Zhang Qianru Li Nuopei Tan Jiachen Wang Wanqing Chen Office of cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective:This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the global burden of esophageal cancer(EC)and determine the temporal trends and factors influencing changes in the global ***:The latest incidence and mortality data for EC worldwide were obtained from GLOBALCAN *** mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)rates for EC from 1990±2019 were sourced from the 2019 Global Burden of *** in EC mortality and DALYs attributable to 11 risk factors or clusters of risk were analyzed using the joinpoint regression *** trends in age-related EC burden were assessed using a decomposition ***:An estimated 511,054 new cases of EC were diagnosed in 2022 with 445,391 deaths *** 75%of cases and deaths occurred in *** 50%of global EC deaths and DALYs were attributed to tobacco use in men in 2019,while 20%were attributed to high body mass index(BMI)in *** 1990±2019,EC deaths and DALYs attributable to almost all risk factors had declining trends,while EC deaths and DALYs attributed to high BMI in men had upward *** age-related EC burden exhibited an upward trend driven by population growth and aging,which contributed to 307.4 thousand deaths and 7.2 million DALYs due to ***:The EC burden remains substantial *** tobacco and obesity control measures are critical for addressing the risk-attributable burden of *** growth and aging pose challenges for EC prevention and control efforts.

关键词： Esophageal cancer incidence mortality disability-adjusted life years risk factors aging trends

Attributable liver cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years in China and worldwide: profiles and changing trends

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 679-691页

作者： Mengdi Cao Changfa Xia Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Siyi He Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru Li Nuopei Tan JiachenWang Wanqing Chen Office of cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective: liver cancer is a major health concern globally and in China. This analysis investigated deaths and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs) with respect to etiologies and risk factors for liver cancer in China and ***: Global and China-specific data were collected on liver cancer deaths, DALYs, and age-standardized rates(ASRs) from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. liver cancer etiologies were classified into five groups and risk factors were categorized into three levels. Each proportion of liver cancer burden was calculated in different geographic regions. The joinpoint regression model were used to assess the trends from 1990±***: liver cancer accounted for 484,577 deaths worldwide in 2019 with an ASR of 5.9 per 100,000 population. China had an elevated liver cancer death ASR in 2019 and males had an ASR 1.7 times the global rate. The global ASR for DALYs peaked at 75±79 years of age but peaked earlier in China. Hepatitis B virus was the prominent etiology globally(39.5%) and in China(62.5%), followed by hepatitis C virus and alcohol consumption. In high sociodemographic index countries, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has gained an increasing contribution as an etiologic factor. The liver cancer burden due to various etiologies has decreased globally in both genders. However, metabolic risk factors, particularly obesity, have had a growing contribution to the liver cancer burden, especially among ***: Despite an overall decreasing trend in the liver cancer burden in China and worldwide, there has been a rising contribution from metabolic risk factors, highlighting the importance of implementing targeted prevention and control strategies that address regional and gender disparities.

关键词： liver cancer deaths risk factors global China