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Characteristics of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic among People Aged≥50 Years in China during 2018–2021

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期37卷 399-405页

作者： HOU Yu Shan JIN Yi Chen CAI Chang TANG Hou Lin QIN Qian Qian LYU Fan national center for AIDS/STD control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective This study aimed to determine the current epidemiological status of PLWHA aged≥50 years in China from 2018 to *** also aimed to recommend targeted interventions for the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS in elderly *** Data on newly reported cases of PLWHA,aged≥50 years in China from 2018 to 2021,were collected using the *** tests and spatial analyses were also *** Between 2018 and 2021,237,724 HIV/AIDS cases were reported among patients aged≥50 years in *** main transmission route was heterosexual transmission(91.24%).Commercial heterosexual transmission(CHC)was the primary mode of transmission among males,while non-marital non-CHC([NMNCHC];60.59%)was the prevalent route in *** proportion of patients with CHC decreased over time(Z=67.716,P<0.01),while that of patients with NMNCHC increased(Z=153.05,P<0.01).The sex ratio varied among the different modes of infection,and it peaked at 17.65 for *** spatial analysis indicated spatial clustering,and the high-high clustering areas were mainly distributed in the southwestern and central-southern *** In China,PLWHA,aged≥50 years,were predominantly infected through heterosexual *** primary modes of infection were CHC and *** were variations in the sex ratio among different age groups,infected through various sexual ***/AIDS cases exhibited spatial *** on these results,the expansion of HIV testing,treatment,and integrated behavioral interventions in high-risk populations is recommended to enhance disease detection in key regions.

关键词： HIV/AIDS Aged≥50 years China

The Burden of Hypertension-Related Chronic Kidney Disease—China,2010–2019

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China CDC weekly 2024年第14期6卷 282-288页

作者： Youyuan Bu Yueru Liu Maigeng Zhou Peng Yin Kejun Liu Yamin Bai Xuancheng Lu Chinese center for Disease control and Prevention BeijingChina national center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease control and Prevention Chinese Center For Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina China national Health Development Research center BeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?The global burden of chronic kidney disease(CKD)is on the *** is added by this report?In 2019,5.58 million individuals in China were affected by CKD related to hypertension,leading to 70,260 fatalities and 1.69 million disability-adjusted life years(DALYs).The most affected groups were men,older individuals,and residents of western *** the period from 2010–2019,the age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR)remained constant,and the agestandardized mortality rate(ASMR)and agestandardized DALY rate(ASDR)showed a decreasing ***,there was an increase in the number of cases,deaths,and DALYs associated with this *** are the implications for public health practice?Hypertension significantly contributes to the burden of CKD;therefore,raising awareness and implementing early screening measures are essential.

关键词： Kidney mortality burden

Epidemiological characteristics of centenarian deaths in China during 2013-2020:A trend and subnational analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第13期137卷 1544-1552页

作者： Fan Mao Weiwei Zhang Peng Yin Lijun Wang Jinling You Jiangmei Liu Yunning Liu Maigeng Zhou national center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China

Background:Studies that comprehensively address the characteristics of centenarian deaths are *** present study aimed to depict the characteristics of centenarian deaths in China and their changing ***:Data on centenarian deaths between 2013 and 2020 were obtained from the national mortality surveillance system of China,including date,place of death(PoD),and underlying cause of death(CoD).Descriptive analyses were performed to understand the epidemiological characteristics,and a joinpoint regression model was adopted to examine the changing trends in the proportions of different PoDs,CoDs among centenarians,and centenarian deaths accounting for all deaths and deaths among people aged 65 years and ***:There were 46,938 registered centenarian deaths between 2013 and 2020 that included 34,311 females(73.10%)and 12,627 males(26.90%).January(12.05%),February(9.99%),and December(9.74%)were the top three months with the highest number of *** proportions of deaths that occurred in homes,hospitals,and nursing homes were 81.71%,13.63%,and 2.68%,*** proportion of deaths in nursing homes increased by 9.60%(95%confidence intervals[CIs],6.4-12.9%)from 2014 to *** disease(35.72%)was the leading cause of death,followed by respiratory diseases(17.63%),cerebrovascular disease(15.60%),and old age(11.22%).The proportion of respiratory diseases decreased by 4.8%(95%CI,-8.8 to-0.7%),and the proportion of deaths from old age decreased by 2.3%(95%CI,-4.4 to-0.1%)per *** had the highest proportions of deaths in hospitals(39.38%)and nursing homes(14.68%).Sichuan had the highest proportion of deaths attributed to respiratory diseases(32.30%),while Jiangsu(26.58%)and Zhejiang(23.61%)had the highest proportions of deaths from old ***:Unlike other countries,centenarian deaths in China are characterized by a higher proportion of home and heart disease deaths,and this death pattern differs across provinces.

关键词： Centenarians Death Aging Cardiovascular diseases Respiratory tract diseases Place of death Cause of death

The Epidemiological Characteristics of Mpox Cases-China,2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第26期6卷 619-623页

作者： Ruiqi Ren Chao Li Wenqing Bai Yali Wang Dan Li Fan Ding Niu Yan Qi Wang Nijuan Xiang Lianmei Jin Lei Zhou Wenling Wang Fan Lyu Peilong Li Dapeng Zhang Yan Li Quanyi Wang Qun Li Guoqing Shi national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese center for Disease control and Prevention BeijingChina national Institute for Viral Disease control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina national center for AIDS/STD control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Guangdong Provincial center for Disease control and Prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Beijing Municipal center for Disease Prevention and control BeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Since May 2022,a global outbreak of mpox has emerged in more than 100 non-endemic *** of December 2023,over 90,000 cases had been *** outbreak has predominantly affected men who have sex with men(MSM),with sexual contact identified as the principal mode of *** is added by this report?Since June 2023,China has faced an occurrence of mpox,predominantly affecting the MSM *** 90%of those affected reported engaging in homosexual behavior within 21 days prior to symptom onset,a trend that aligns with the global outbreak *** prompt identification of cases,diligent tracing of close contacts,and the implementation of appropriate management strategies have successfully mitigated the spread of mpox virus in *** are the implications for public health practice?We propose that mpox is transmitted locally within *** from our experiences in controlling the virus spread,it is crucial to investigate and formulate effective surveillance and educational ***,we must encourage high-risk populations to promptly seek medical care upon the onset of symptoms.

关键词： prompt Drawing spread

Anti-OX40 Antibody Combined with HBc VLPs Delays Tumor Growth in a Mouse Colon Cancer Model

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 187-195页

作者： LIU Jia Jia SU Qiu Dong YI Yao SHEN Li Ping BI Sheng Li national Institute for Viral Disease control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective Combination immunotherapy strategies targeting OX40,a co-stimulatory molecule that can enhance antitumor immunity by modulating the proliferation,differentiation,and effector function of tumor-infiltrating T cells,have attracted much attention for their excellent therapeutic *** this study,we aimed to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of combined anti-OX40 and hepatitis B core viruslike particles(HBc VLPs)therapy using a mouse colon cancer *** Humanized B-h OX40 mice were injected subcutaneously with MC38 colon tumor cells and treated with HBc VLPs+anti-h OX40 *** growth was *** cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate the populations of T cell subsets in the *** The combination of anti-OX40 with HBc VLPs resulted in a significant delay in tumor growth,suggesting that a potent antitumor immunity was induced by the combination *** studies revealed that HBc VLPs+anti-OX40 treatment induced a significant increase in effector T cells(Teffs)and a significant decrease in regulatory T cells(Tregs)in the tumor microenvironment(TME),which accounted for the synergistic antitumor effect of anti-OX40 in combination with HBc *** Combination therapy of anti-h OX40 and HBc VLPs provides synergistic antitumor activity in colon cancer-bearing mice,which may represent a potential design strategy for cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Anti-OX40 antibody Hepatitis B core virus-like particles Tumor Combination therapy

Genomic Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Dominance of XBB Replacement — China, January–June 2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第15期6卷 324-331页

作者： Yenan Feng Qiudong Su Lili Li Xiaozhou He Peihua Niu Xiaojuan Guo Xiang Zhao Jing Tang Zhiyuan Jia Ji Wang Changcheng Wu Baicheng Xia Zhixiao Chen Yuchao Wu Jing Yang Songqi Chen Cao Chen Shiwen Wang Xiaoping Dong national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:In the first half of 2023,a global shift was observed towards the predominance of XBB *** faced a significant epidemic between late 2022 and early 2023 due to Omicron subvariants BA.5.2 and *** study aims to depict the evolving variant distribution among provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)in China and explore the factors driving the predominance of XBB ***:Sequences from local and imported coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases recorded between January 1 and June 30,2023,were *** study analyzed the changing distribution of viral variants and assessed how the prior dominance of specific variants,XBB subvariants,and imported cases influenced the prevalence of the XBB replacement ***:A total of 56,486 sequences were obtained from local cases,and 8,669 sequences were from imported *** in April,there was a shift in the prevalence of XBB from imported to local cases,with varying dominance among *** PLADs previously high in BF.7,the rise of XBB was delayed.A positive correlation was found between XBB proportions in imported cases from January to March and local cases in *** distribution pattern of XBB subvariants differed between local and imported cases within the same *** significant differences were noted in the replacement rates of XBB ***:The timing of XBB dominance differed among various PLADs in China in the first half of 2023,correlating closely with the prevalence of XBB variants among imported cases.

关键词： dominance imported distribution

Trends in Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among the Labor Force Population—China,2010-2018

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China CDC weekly 2024年第18期6卷 401-407,I0008页

作者： Lan Wang Mei Zhang Xiao Zhang Zhenping Zhao Chun Li Mengting Yu Taotao Xue Feng Tan Limin Wang Division of Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese center for Disease control and Prevention BeijingChina

Introduction:This research investigates trends pertaining to the prevalence of low fruit and vegetable consumption among the labor force population in *** study considered data derived from four nationally representative cross-sectional ***:The data under review for this study was derived from the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance(CCDRFS)carried out in 2010,2013,2015,and 2018,*** utilized a food frequency questionnaire to evaluate the quantity and frequency of fruit and vegetable *** estimated prevalence of low fruit and vegetable consumption was calculated for each survey,while considering factors such as sex,age,location,and socioeconomic status(SES).Participants’SES was ascertained via latent class analysis,serving to identify distinct classes based on criteria such as education,occupation,and household income per *** regression was deployed to determine the statistical significance of ***:From 2010 to 2018,there was a notable increase in the average daily consumption of vegetables and fruits among the working population,rising from 418.6 g/day to 491.8 g/day(P0.05 for trend).Conclusion:Over the past nine years,there has been a notable decline in the prevalence of low fruit and vegetable consumption among the labor force population in ***,the comparatively deficient intake of fruits and vegetables evident among individuals of lower SES warrants further attention.

关键词： intake occupation utilized

HIV Infection and Associated Factors Among Out-of-School MSM Aged 16–24 Years—6 Cities and Tianjin Municipality,China,2022–2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第3期6卷 45-50页

作者： Hui Liu Qiyu Zhu Lei Zhang Yujing Liu Peng Xu Mengjie Han national center for AIDS/STD control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and control BeijingChina Beijing Chaoyang Kangzhong Health and Education center BeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?Approximately 80%of newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)cases among individuals aged 15–24 years in China are attributed to out-ofschool *** is added by this report?This study presents findings on HIV prevalence and comprehensive insights into HIV service utilization,risky behaviors,and prevention knowledge among young out-of-school men who have sex with men(MSM)aged 16–24 years in *** population exhibits a disproportionately high burden of HIV,with only 51.6%of HIV cases previously *** are the implications for public health practice?HIV services should be expanded to include these key *** interventions are needed to remove barriers to regular HIV services faced by young key populations.

关键词： prevention remove expanded

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of“5E”Comprehensive Injury Prevention Strategy for Fall Prevention Among the Rural Elderly—Six Pilot Villages,Yunnan Province and Chongqing Municipality,China,2018–2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第14期6卷 277-281页

作者： Fujin Sun Rong Luo Hui Han national center for Women and Children’s Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?The mortality rate and disease burden associated with falls among the elderly in China are on the *** can play a crucial role in preventing and managing *** is added by this report?The application of the“5E”injury prevention strategy led to a decrease in both the occurrence of falls and the likelihood of subsequent *** physical activity and maintaining a positive outlook were identified as protective measures against falls,while sleep issues and hearing impairment were found to increase the risk of *** are the implications for public health practice?The group-based comprehensive intervention strategy is crucial as it offers an innovative intervention model and empirical evidence for decreasing fall rates among elderly individuals living in rural areas.

关键词： Chongqing Rural prevention