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Incidence and survival of neuroendocrine neoplasms in China with comparison to the United States

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第10期136卷 1216-1224页

作者： Rongshou Zheng Hong Zhao Lan An Siwei Zhang Ru Chen Shaoming Wang Kexin Sun Hongmei Zeng Wenqiang Wei Jie He national Central cancer Registry National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Registry OfficeNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Background:Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are rare tumors characterized by variable biology and delayed diagnosis.However,the nationwide epidemiology of NENs has never been reported in China.We aimed to estimate the incidence and survival statistics of NENs in China,in comparison to those in the United States during the same period.Methods:Based on the data from 246 population-based cancer registries covering 272.5 million people of China,we calculated age-specific incidence on NENs in 2017 and multiplied by corresponding national population to estimate the nationwide incidence in China.The data of 22 population-based cancer registries were used to estimate the trends of NENs incidence from 2000 to 2017 through the Joinpoint regression model.We used the cohort approach to analyze the 5-year age-standardized relative survival by sex,age group,and urban-rural area between 2008 and 2013,based on data from 176 high-quality cancer registries.We used data from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)18 program to estimate the comparable incidence and survival of NENs in the United States.Results:The overall age-standardized rate(ASR)of NENs incidence was lower in China(1.14 per 100,000)than in the United States(6.26 per 100,000).The most common primary sites were lungs,pancreas,stomach,and rectum in China.The ASRs of NENs incidence increased by 9.8%and 3.6%per year in China and the United States,respectively.The overall 5-year relative survival in China(36.2%)was lower than in the United States(63.9%).The 5-year relative survival was higher for female patients than male patients,and was higher in urban areas than in rural areas.Conclusions:The disparities in burden of NENs persist across sex,area,age group,and site in China and the United States.These findings may provide a scientific basis on prevention and control of NENs in the two countries.

关键词： Neuroendocrine neoplasms Incidence Survival Age factor Lung China The United States

cancer profiles in China and comparisons with the USA:a comprehensive analysis in the incidence,mortality,survival,staging,and attribution to risk factors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 122-131页

作者： Siyi He Changfa Xia He Li Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru Li Wanqing Chen Office of cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

China faces a disproportionate cancer burden to the population size and is undergoing a transition in the cancer spectrum.We extracted data in five aspects of cancer incidence,mortality,survival,staging distributions,and attribution to risk factors in China,the USA and worldwide from open-source databases.We conducted a comprehensive secondary analysis of cancer profiles in China in the above aspects,and compared cancer statistics between China and the USA.A total of 4,546,400 new cancer cases and 2,992,600 deaths occurred in China in 2020,accounting for 25.1%and 30.2%of global cases,respectively.Lifestyle-related cancers including lung cancer,colorectal cancer,and breast cancer showed an upward trend and have been the leading cancer types in China.41.6%of new cancer cases and 49.3%of cancer deaths occurred in digestive-system cancers in China,and the cancers of esophagus,nasopharynx,liver,and stomach in China accounted for over 40%of global cases.Infection-related cancers showed the highest population-attributable fractions among Chinese adults,and most cancers could be attributed to behavioral and metabolic factors.The proportions of stage I for most cancer types were much higher in the USA than in China,except for esophageal cancer(78.2%vs.41.1%).The 5-year relative survival rates in China have improved substantially during 2000–2014,whereas survival for most cancer types in the USA was significantly higher than in China,except for upper gastrointestinal cancers.Our findings suggest that although substantial progress has been made in cancer control,especially in digestive system cancers in China,there was still a considerable disparity in cancer burden between China and the USA.More robust policies on risk factors and standardized screening practices are urgently warranted to curb the cancer growth and improve the prognosis for cancer patients.

关键词： cancer burden survival rate neoplasm staging risk factors China

2020年全球不同国家或地区人群一生患癌风险评估

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Science Bulletin 2023年第21期68卷 2620-2628,M0006页

作者：郑荣寿王少明张思维曾红梅陈茹孙可欣李荔 Freddie Bray 魏文强 national Central cancer Registry National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China cancer Surveillance Branch International Agency for Research on CancerLyon 69366France

一生患癌风险是衡量癌症负担的重要指标.但关于不同人群的患癌风险评估的研究目前仍然较少.本研究从GLOBOCAN获得了全球185个国家或地区2020年的癌症数据,从联合国经济和社会事务部人口司获得全因死亡率和人口数据,采用多原发调整法估... 详细信息

一生患癌风险是衡量癌症负担的重要指标.但关于不同人群的患癌风险评估的研究目前仍然较少.本研究从GLOBOCAN获得了全球185个国家或地区2020年的癌症数据,从联合国经济和社会事务部人口司获得全因死亡率和人口数据,采用多原发调整法估计人群一生患癌风险.结果显示,全球来看,人群一生患癌风险约为25.10%(95%CI:25.08%~25.11%);男性26.27%(95%CI:26.24%~26.30%),女性23.96%(95%CI:23.93%~23.98%).其中,在人类发展指数(HDI)极高、较高、中等和较低的国家或地区中,一生患癌风险分别为38.48%、25.38%、11.36%和10.34%.男性和女性一生患癌风险最高的分别是前列腺癌症(4.65%)和乳腺癌症(5.90%).余生继续患癌风险随着年龄的增长逐渐降低,但是,70岁未患癌的人群仍然还有12.61%的患癌风险.纵观一生,大约有1/4的人会罹患癌症,男性和女性患癌风险总体上无统计学差异.一生患癌风险的指标可以为癌症预防和卫生系统规划提供重要信息和参考.

关键词：癌症预防卫生系统全因死亡率前列腺癌症患癌风险社会事务部男性和女性多原发

Crosstalk Between Peripheral Innervation and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第11期39卷 1717-1731页

作者： Bo Ni Yiqing Yin Zekun Li Junjin Wang Xiuchao Wang Kaiyuan Wang Department of Pancreatic cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China Department of Anesthesiology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly aggressive lethal malignancy,characterized by late diagnosis,aggressive growth,and therapy resistance,leading to a poor overall prognosis.Emerging evidence shows that the peripheral nerve is an important non-tumor component in the tumor microenvironment that regulates tumor growth and immune escape.The crosstalk between the neuronal system and PDAC has become a hot research topic that may provide novel mechanisms underlying tumor progression and further uncover promising therapeutic targets.In this review,we highlight the mechanisms of perineural invasion and the role of various types of tumor innervation in the progression of PDAC,summarize the potential signaling pathways modulating the neuronal-cancer interaction,and discuss the current and future therapeutic possibilities for this condition.

关键词： PDAC cancer-neuroscience Peripheral innervation Pain

Potential unreliability of ALK variant allele frequency in the efficacy prediction of targeted therapy in NSCLC

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Frontiers of Medicine 2023年第3期17卷 493-502页

作者： Wei Rao Yutao Liu Yan Li Lei Guo Tian Qiu Lin Dong Jianming Ying Weihua Li Department of Pathology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)is the most common fusion gene involved in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and remarkable response has been achieved with the use of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors(ALK-TKIs).However,the clinical efficacy is highly variable.Pre-existing intratumoral heterogeneity(ITH)has been proven to contribute to the poor treatment response and the resistance to targeted therapies.In this work,we investigated whether the variant allele frequencies(VAFs)of ALK fusions can help assess ITH and predict targeted therapy efficacy.Through the application of next-generation sequencing(NGS),7.2%(326/4548)of patients were detected to be ALK positive.On the basis of the adjusted VAF(adjVAF,VAF normalization for tumor purity)of four different threshold values(adjVAF<50%,40%,30%,or 20%),the association of ALK subclonality with crizotinib efficacy was assessed.Nonetheless,no statistical association was observed between median progression-free survival(PFS)and ALK subclonality assessed by adjVAF,and a poor correlation of adjVAF with PFS was found among the 85 patients who received first-line crizotinib.Results suggest that the ALK VAF determined by hybrid capture-based NGS is probably unreliable for ITH assessment and targeted therapy efficacy prediction in NSCLC.

关键词： ALK fusion next-generation sequencing fluorescence in situ hybridization immunohistochemistry variant allele frequency intratumoral heterogeneity targeted therapy

Expression dynamics of periodic transcripts during cancer cell cycle progression and their correlation with anticancer drug sensitivity

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军事医学研究:英文版 2023年第4期10卷 444-460页

作者： Chun‑Xiao Li Jin‑Song Wang Wen‑Na Wang Dong‑Kui Xu Yan‑Tong Zhou Fang‑Zhou Sun Yi‑Qun Li Feng‑Zhu Guo Jia‑Lu Ma Xue‑Yan Zhang Meng‑Jiao Chang Bing‑He Xu Fei Ma Hai‑Li Qian State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of VIP National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Background:The cell cycle is at the center of cellular activities and is orchestrated by complex regulatory mechanisms,among which transcriptional regulation is one of the most important components.Alternative splicing dramatically expands the regulatory network by producing transcript isoforms of genes to exquisitely control the cell cycle.However,the patterns of transcript isoform expression in the cell cycle are unclear.Therapies targeting cell cycle checkpoints are commonly used as anticancer therapies,but none of them have been designed or evaluated at the alternative splicing transcript level.The utility of these transcripts as markers of cell cycle-related drug sensitivity is still unknown,and studies on the expression patterns of cell cycle-targeting drug-related transcripts are also rare.Methods:To explore alternative splicing patterns during cell cycle progression,we performed sequential transcriptomic assays following cell cycle synchronization in colon cancer HCT116 and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell lines,using flow cytometry and reference cell cycle transcripts to confirm the cell cycle phases of samples,and we developed a new algorithm to describe the periodic patterns of transcripts fluctuating during the cell cycle.Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in cancer(GDSC)drug sensitivity datasets and cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia(CCLE)transcript datasets were used to assess the correlation of genes and their transcript isoforms with drug sensitivity.We identified transcripts associated with typical drugs targeting cell cycle by determining correlation coefficients.Cytotoxicity assays were used to confirm the effect of ENST00000257904 against cyclin dependent kinase 4/6(CDK4/6)inhibitors.Finally,alternative splicing transcripts associated with mitotic(M)phase arrest were analyzed using an RNA synthesis inhibition assay and transcriptome analysis.Results:We established high-resolution transcriptome datasets of synchronized cell cycle samples from colon cancer HCT116 and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.The results

关键词： Cell cycle Alternative splicing Transcriptome Drug resistance Cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor,Dolichyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase polypeptide 2

cancer statistics in Chinese older people,2022:current burden,time trends,and comparisons with the US,Japan,and the Republic of Korea

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 1079-1091页

作者： Wen Ju Rongshou Zheng Siwei Zhang Hongmei Zeng Kexin Sun Shaoming Wang Ru Chen Li Li Wenqiang Wei Jie He Office for cancer Registry National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Largely due to population ageing,the cancer burden from older people has been rising,which imposed considerable pressure on current Chinese healthcare system.We provide comprehensive information about cancer burden of Chinese older people based on the most recent data from national Central cancer Registry of China.The logarithmic linear regression was used to project the current cancer burden in 2022,and Joinpoint regression was used for temporal trend analysis from 2000 to 2017.We also estimated cancer statistics of older people in the US,Japan and the Republic of Korea for comparisons.It is estimated that 2.79 million cases and 1.94 million deaths occur for Chinese older people,representing 55.8%and 68.2%of cases and deaths in all population in 2022.The overall cancer incidence rate gradually increased among older women,while the mortality rates declined for both sexes.Notably,approximately 10.0%of all cases and 17.7%of all deaths are from people aged over 80 years,and cancer incidence and mortality in this age group showed upward trends for women.Lung cancer and digestive cancers are the leading cancer types for Chinese older people.Compared with other countries,China has lower incidence rates but higher mortality rates for older people.The rapidly growing burden of prostate cancer,breast cancer,colorectal cancer,and declines in esophageal cancer,stomach cancer,and liver cancer among older people indicate the cancer pattern in China is being in a transition stage to that in developed countries.Our findings imply that it should be the national health priority to meet the growing demands for cancer diagnosis,treatment and care services from the older people as the rapid population ageing in next few decades.

关键词： cancer burden older people temporal trend cancer pattern population ageing

Adaptive ultra-hypofractionated whole-pelvic radiotherapy in high-risk and very high-risk prostate cancer on 1.5-Tesla MR-Linac:Estimated delivered dose and early toxicity results

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 51-61页

作者： Linrui Gao Ran Wei Shirui Qin Yuan Tian Wenlong Xia Yongwen Song Shulian Wang Hui Fang Yu Tang Hao Jing Yueping Liu Yuan Tang Shunan Qi Bo Chen Yexiong Li Nianzeng Xing Ningning Lu Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina GCP center/clinical research center National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Urology State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Background: Magnetic resonance(MR)-guided ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy with whole-pelvic irradiation(UHF-WPRT)is a novel approach to radiotherapy for patients with high-risk(HR)and very high-risk(VHR)prostate cancer(PCa).However,the inherent complexity of adaptive UHF-WPRT might inevitably result in longer on-couch time.We aimed to estimate the delivered dose,study the feasibility and safety of adaptive UHF-WPRT on a 1.5-Tesla MR-Linac.Methods: Ten patients with clinical stage T3a-4N0-1M0-1c PCa,who consecutively received UHF-WPRT,were enrolled prospectively.The contours of the target and organ-at-risks on the position verification-MR(PV-MR),beam-on 3D-MR(Bn-MR),and post-MR(after radiotherapy delivery)were derived from the pre-MR data by deformable image registration.The physician then manually adjusted them,and dose recalculation was performed accordingly.GraphPad Prism 9(GraphPad Prism Software Inc.)was utilized for conducting statistical analyses.Results: In total,we collected 188 MR scans(50 pre-MR,50 PV-MR,44 Bn-MR,and 44 post-MR scans).With median 59 min,the mean prostate clinical target volume(CTV)-V_(100%)was 98.59%±2.74%,and the mean pelvic CTVp-V_(100%)relative percentages of all scans was 99.60%±1.18%.The median V29 Gy change in the rectal wall was−2%(−18%to 20%).With a median follow-up of 9 months,no patient had acute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE)grade 2 or more severe genitourinary(GU)or gastrointestinal(GI)toxicities(0%).Conclusion: UHF-RT to the prostate and the whole pelvis with concomitant boost to positive nodes using an Adapt-To-Shape(ATS)workflow was technically feasible for patients with HR and VHR PCa,presenting only mild GU and GI toxicities.The estimated target dose during the beam-on phase was clinically acceptable based on the 3D-MR-based dosimetry analysis.clinical trial registration Chinese clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000033382.

关键词： dosimetry hypofractionation magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer radiation dose radiotherapy

Global trajectories of liver cancer burden from 1990 to 2019 and projection to 2035

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第12期136卷 1413-1421页

作者： Fan Yang Dianqin Sun Changfa Xia He Li Maomao Cao Xinxin Yan Siyi He Shaoli Zhang Wanqing Chen Office of cancer Screening National Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Background:Large disparities exist in liver cancer burden trends across countries but are poorly understood.We aimed to investigate the global trajectories of liver cancer burden,explore the driving forces,and predict future trends.Methods:Data on the liver cancer burden in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study.The age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR)and age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR)trajectories were defined using growth mixture models.Five major risk factors contributing to changes in the ASIR or ASMR and socioeconomic determinants were explored using the identified trajectories.A Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict future trends through 2035.Results:Three trajectories of liver cancer burden were identified:increasing,stable,and decreasing groups.Almost half of the American countries were classified in the decreasing group(48.6%for ASIR and ASMR),and the increasing group was the most common in the European region(ASIR,49.1%;ASMR,37.7%).In the decreasing group,the decrease of liver cancer due to hepatitis B contributed 63.4%and 60.4%of the total decreases in ASIR and ASMR,respectively.The increase of liver cancer due to alcohol use,hepatitis C,and hepatitis B contributed the most to the increase in the increasing group(30.8%,31.1%,and 24.2%for ASIR;33.7%,30.2%,and 22.2%for ASMR,respectively).The increasing group was associated with a higher sociodemographic index,gross domestic product per capita,health expenditure per capita,and universal health coverage(all Pcancer burden trajectories.Hepatitis B,alcohol use,and hepatitis C were identified as driving forces in different regions.

关键词： Global liver cancer Long-term trajectories Risk factors