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Diverse viromes in polar regions: A retrospective study of metagenomic data from Antarctic animal feces and Arctic frozen soil in 2012–2014

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第6期37卷 883-893页

作者： Jun Wang Jian Xiao Zheng Zhu Siyuan Wang Lei Zhang Zhaojun Fan Yali Deng Zhihong Hu Fang Peng Shu Shen Fei Deng State Key Laboratory of Virology and national Virus Resource Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyXinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China China Center for Type Culture Collection(CCTCC) College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Natisonal Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories Boston UniversityBostonMA 02118United States Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of MedicineBostonMA 02118United States

Antarctica and the Arctic are the coldest places, containing a high diversity of microorganisms, including viruses,which are important components of polar ecosystems. However, owing to the difficulties in obtaining access to animal and environmental samples, the current knowledge of viromes in polar regions is still limited. To better understand polar viromes, this study performed a retrospective analysis using metagenomic sequencing data of animal feces from Antarctica and frozen soil from the Arctic collected during 2012–2014. The results reveal diverse communities of DNA and RNA viruses from at least 23 families from Antarctic animal feces and 16families from Arctic soils. Although the viral communities from Antarctica and the Arctic show a large diversity,they have genetic similarities with known viruses from different ecosystems and organisms with similar viral proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of Microviridae, Parvoviridae, and Larvidaviridae was further performed, and complete genomic sequences of two novel circular replication-associated protein(rep)-encoding single-stranded(CRESS) DNA viruses closely related to Circoviridae were identified. These results reveal the high diversity,complexity, and novelty of viral communities from polar regions, and suggested the genetic similarity and functional correlations of viromes between the Antarctica and Arctic. Variations in viral families in Arctic soils,Arctic freshwater, and Antarctic soils are discussed. These findings improve our understanding of polar viromes and suggest the importance of performing follow-up in-depth investigations of animal and environmental samples from Antarctica and the Arctic, which would reveal the substantial role of these viruses in the global viral community.

关键词： Arctic soil Antarctica animal feces Metagenomics Virus diversity

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Exploration of pathogenic microorganism within the small intestine of necrotizing enterocolitis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 165-172页

作者： Yan Wang Kun Jiang Qiao Xia Xia Kang Shan Wang Ji-Hong Yu Wen-Feng Ni Xiao-Qin Qi Ying-Na Zhang Jin-Bao Han Gang Liu Lei Hou Zhi-Chun Feng Liu-Ming Huang Clinical Biobank Center Medical Innovation Research Division of ChinesePLA General HospitalBeijingChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Senior Department of Pediatrics The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100700China Department of Neurology The First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Emergency Center National Center for Children's HealthBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100045China

Background Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)is the most common severe gastrointestinal emergency in *** designed this study to identify the pathogenic microorganisms of NEC in the microbiota of the small intestine of *** Using the 16S ribosomal DNA(rDNA)sequencing method,we compared and analyzed the structure and diversity of microbiotas in the intestinal feces of different groups of neonates:patients undergoing jejunostomy to treat NEC(NP group),neonates undergoing jejunostomy to treat other conditions(NN group),and neonates with NEC undergoing conservative treatment(NC group).We took intestinal feces and saliva samples from patients at different time *** The beta diversities of the NP,NN,and NC groups were all *** comparing the beta diversities between different time points in the NP group,we found similar beta diversities at time points El to E3 but significant differences between the E2-E3 and E4 time points:the abundances of Klebsiella and Enterococcus(Proteobacteria)were higher at the E1-E3 time points;the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella(Proteobacteria)increased at the E2 time point,and the abundance of Klebsiella decreased significantly,whereas that of Streptococcus increased significantly at the E4 time *** Our results suggest that the pathological changes of intestinal necrosis in the small intestine of infants with NEC are not directly caused by excessive proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the small *** sources of microbiota in the small intestine of neonates,especially in premature infants,may be affected by multiple factors.

关键词： Microbiota Necrotizing enterocolitis-Small intestine 16S rDNA

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Design a pediatric isolation bed and characterization of its purification efficacy in ambient air

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Biosafety and Health 2021年第3期3卷 172-178页

作者： Tiantian Liu Xi Li Mengyuan Xu Yubing Guo Rong Zhou School of Public Health Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510310China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthFirst Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510182China

Patients with acute infectious respiratory illness may emit bio‐aerosols containing pathogens to infect susceptible hosts,including other patients and healthcare *** study aimed to design the pediatric isolation(PI)bed and evaluate its purification effect on aerosols and microorganisms in the air in experiment rooms and verify the general wards'purification *** PI bed is connected to a purification device that surrounds the child's head to prevent contaminants'spread into the *** test the purification effect of the PI bed in the experiment room and verified the purification effect of the PI bed in the *** results showed that PI beds in the demonstration ward presented purifying effects on both smoke particulates and microorganisms like Staphylococcus albus(***)and H1N1 *** Aerosol in the room in the hospital was then detected to validity the purification ***,Isolation beds could be used in hospitals to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection to protect the health of doctors,patients,and visitors.

关键词： Pediatric isolation Purification effect Particulate Aerosol Bacteria H1N1 viruses

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Design of an air isolation and purification (AIP) desk for medical use and characterization of its efficacy in ambient air isolation and purification

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Biosafety and Health 2020年第3期2卷 169-176页

作者： Tiantian Liu Yubing Guo Mei Wang Xiaotang Hao Shicong He Rong Zhou School of Public Health Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510310China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthFirst Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510180China

The incidences of nosocomial infections(NIs)are increasing throughout the world,especially for those airborne diseases caused by pathogens or air particulates that float in *** this study,we designed and manufactured a desk for clinic consultation room air purification and air isolation between doctor and *** air isolation and purification(AIP)desk has a high efficiency particulate air(HEPA)filter on the tope and several primary efficiency filters on the sides for air *** air circulating between inlet and outlet forms a wind-curtain between doctor and *** Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)model was used to calculate the speed of the air flow and the angle of *** tested the air purification function of the AIP desk in rooms sized about 3.6×2.8×2.8 m(L×W×H)and found that the AIP desk could significantly remove the tested air pollutants like smoke particulates and microorganisms like Staphylococcus albus(***)and human adenovirus type 5(HAdV-5).The wind-curtain can significantly block the exhale air of patient being transmitted to the respiratory area of doctor setting in the opposite of AIP ***,the AIP desk can be used in hospital setting to reduce the risk of NIs and protect both doctors and patients.

关键词： Nosocomial infection Air isolation Air purification AIP desk Smoke particulate Airborne pathogen S.albus HAdV-5

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