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Driving mechanisms of nitrogen transport and transformation in lacustrine wetlands

Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第3期59卷 464-476页

作者： ZHAO Shan ZHOU Nian Qing SHEN Xin Ping Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tongji UniversityKey Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education Shanghai 200092 China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA Dongting Lake Water Resources Administration bureau of Hunan Province Changsha 410007 China

As an essential component of proteins and genetic material for all organisms, nitrogen(N) is one of the major limiting factors that control the dynamics, biodiversity and functioning of lacustrine wetlands, in which intensified N biogeochemical activities take place. Reactive N loaded into wetland ecosystems has been doubled due to various human activities, including industrial, agricultural activities and urbanization. The main driving mechanisms of N transport and transformation in lacustrine wetlands are categorized to pushing forces and pulling forces in this study. Geomorphology, wetland age, N concentrations, and temperature are the main pushing forces(passive forces); whereas water table variation, oxygen concentration, other elements availability, oxidation-reduction potential(Eh) and p H, and microorganisms are the predominant pulling forces(active forces). The direction and kinetic energy of reactions are determined by pulling forces and then are stimulated by pushing forces. These two types of forces are analyzed and discussed separately. Based on the analysis of driving mechanisms, possible solutions to wetland N pollutions are proposed at individual, regional and global scales, respectively. Additional research needs are addressed to obtain a thorough understanding of N transport and transformations in wetlands and to reduce detrimental impacts of excessive N on such fragile ecosystems.

关键词： Nitrogen Driving mechanisms Transport and transformation Excessive loading Lacustrine wetlands

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Microbial diversity in the saline-alkali soil of a coastal Tamarix chinensis woodland at Bohai Bay, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第2期8卷 284-292页

作者： LIU Wanqiu ZHANG Wei LIU Guangxiu ZHANG Yanhua ZHANG Gaosen Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering Gansu ProvinceLanzhou 730000China Ocean and Fishery bureau of Changyi Changyi 261300China

Soil salinization or alkalization is a form of soil desertification. Coastal saline-alkali soil represents a type of desert and a key system in the network of ecosystems at the continent-ocean interface. Tamarix chinensis is a drought-tolerant plant that is widely distributed in the coastal saline-alkali soil of Bohai Bay, China. In this study, we used 454 pyrosequencing techniques to investigate the characteristics and distribution of the microbial diversity in coastal saline-alkali soil of the T. chinensis woodland at Bohai Bay. A total of 20,315 sequences were obtained, representing 19 known bacterial phyla and a large proportion of unclassified bacteria at the phylum level. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were the predominant phyla. The coverage of T. chinensis affected the microbial composition. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of y-Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased whereas Actinobacteria increased with the increasing coverage of T. chinensis. At the genus level, the proportions of Steroidobacter, Lechevalieria, Gp3 and Gp4 decreased with the increase of the vegetation coverage whereas the proportion of Nocardioides increased. A cluster analysis showed that the existing T. chinensis changed the niches for the microorganisms in the coastal saline-alkali soil, which caused changes in the microbial community. The analysis also distinguished the microbial community structure of the marginal area from those of the dense area and sparse area. Furthermore, the results also indicated that the distance to the seashore line could also affect certain groups of soil bacteria in this coastal saline-alkali soil, such as the family Cryomorphaceae and class Flavobacteria, whose population decreased as the distance increased. In addition, the seawater and temperature could be the driving factors that affected the changes.

关键词： coastal saline-alkali soil Tamarix chinensis bacteria pyrosequencing

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Gut Microbiome Variation Along A Lifestyle Gradient Reveals Threats Faced by Asian Elephants

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第1期21卷 150-163页

作者： Chengbo Zhang Zhenghan Lian Bo Xu Qingzhong Shen Mingwei Bao Zunxi Huang Hongchen Jiang Wenjun Li Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesYunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Xishuangbanna national Nature Reserve Management and Protection bureau Jinghong 666100China Asian Elephant Provenance Breeding and Rescue Center in Xishuangbanna Jinghong 666100China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The gut microbiome is closely related to host nutrition and ***,the relationships between gut microorganisms and host lifestyle are not well *** the absence of confounding geographic variation,we defined clear patterns of variation in the gut microbiomes of Asian elephants(AEs)in the Wild Elephant Valley,Xishuangbanna,China,along a lifestyle gradient(completely captive,semicaptive,semiwild,and completely wild).A phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene sequences highlighted that the microbial diversity decreased as the degree of captivity ***,the results showed that the bacterial taxon WCHB1-41_c was substantially affected by lifestyle ***-PCR analysis revealed a paucity of genes related to butyrate production in the gut microbiome of AEs with a completely wild lifestyle,which may be due to the increased unfavorable environmental ***,these results demonstrate the distinct gut microbiome characteristics among AEs with a gradient of lifestyles and provide a basis for designing strategies to improve the well-being or conservation of this important animal species.

关键词： Asian elephant Gut microbiome Phylogenetic analysis Lifestyle Host health

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Biodegradation of Crude Oil in Contaminated Soils by Free and Immobilized microorganisms

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Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 717-725页

作者： WANG Zhen-Yu XU Ying WANG Hao-Yun ZHAO Jian GAO Dong-Mei LI Feng-Min B. XING College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 (China) College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109 (China) Chemical and Mineral Metal Material Testing Center Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Tianjin 300456 (China) Department of Plant Soil and Insect Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 (USA)

The efficiencies of free and immobilized bacterial cultures of petroleum hydrocarbon degraders were evaluated and compared in this study. Hydrocarbon-degrading microbial communities with high tolerance to and high degrading ability of crude oil were obtained from the soil contaminated with crude oil in the Yellow River Delta. Then, the microbial cells were immobilized in sodium alginate （SA） beads and sodium Mginate-diatomite （SAD） beads. The biodegradation of crude oil in soil by immobilized cells was compared with that by free cells at three inoculation concentrations, 1× 104 colony forming units （cfu） kg-^（-1）（low concentration, L）, 5 × 104 cfu kg^（-1）（medium concentration, M）, and 1× 105 cfu kg^（-1）（high concentration, H）. At 20 d after inoculation, the maximum degradation rate in the immobilized systems reached 29.8% （SAD-M）, significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than that of the free cells （21.1%）, and the SAD beads showed greater degradation than the SA beads. Moreover, both microbial populations and total microbial activity reached significantly higher level （P 〈 0.05） in the immobilized systems than free cell systems at a same initial inoculation amount. The scanning electronic microscope （SEM） images also confirmed the advantages of the immobilized microstructure of SAD beads. The enhanced degradation and bacterial growth in the SAD beads indicated the high potential of SAD beads as an effective option for bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soils in the Yellow River Delta.

关键词： bacterial growth degradation rate hydrocarbon degraders immobilized cells sodium alginate-diatomite beads

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A large outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by the human norovirus GII.17 strain at a university in Henan Province,China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 42-50页

作者： Xue-Yong Huang Jia Su Qian-Chao Lu Shi-Zheng Li Jia-Yong Zhao Meng-Lei Li Yi Li Xiao-Jing Shen Bai-Fan Zhang Hai-Feng Wang Yu-Jiao Mu Shu-Yu Wu Yan-Hua Du Li-Cheng Liu Wei-Jun Chen John David Klena Bian-Li Xu Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention ZhengzhouChina Henan Key Laboratory of Pathogenic microorganisms ZhengzhouChina Nanyang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention NanyangChina Program of Global Disease Detection US Centers for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Division of Global Health Protection Center for Global HealthCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaUSA

Background:Human noroviruses are a major cause of viral gastroenteritis and are the main etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis *** increasing number of outbreaks and sporadic cases of norovirus have been reported in China in recent *** was a large acute gastroenteritis outbreak at a university in Henan Province,China in the past five *** want to identify the source,transmission routes of the outbreak by epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing in order to provide the effective control ***:The clinical cases were investigated,and analysed by descriptive epidemiological methods according to factors such as time,department,grade and so *** were collected from clinical cases,healthy persons,the environment,water,and food at the *** samples were tested for potential bacteria and *** samples that tested positive for norovirus were selected for whole genome sequencing and the sequences were then ***:From 4 March to 3 April 2015,a total of 753 acute diarrhoea cases were reported at the university;the attack rate was 3.29%.The epidemic curve showed two peaks,with the main peak occurring between 10 and 20 March,accounting for 85.26%of reported *** rates of norovirus detection in samples from confirmed cases,people without symptoms,and environmental samples were 32.72%,17.39%,and 9.17%,*** phylogenetic analysis showed that the norovirus belonged to the genotype ***:This is the largest and most severe outbreak caused by genotype GII.17 norovirus in recent years in *** GII.17 viruses displayed high epidemic activity and have become a dominant strain in China since the winter of 2014,having replaced the previously dominant GII.4 Sydney 2012 strain.

关键词： Human norovirus Acute gastroenteritis outbreak Epidemiological investigation Phylogenetic analysis Henan Province China

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Cyanobacterial bloom affects structural and functional succession of microbial communities in urban wetland sediments in the Qinghai Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第5期17卷 65-77页

作者： Yi Wu Xiaoyan Wei Xufeng Mao Xiuhua Song Xijie Wei Shunbang Xie Hongyan Yu Lele Zhang Yongxiao Yang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation(Ministry of Education) Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810001China Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process College of Geographical ScienceQinghai Normal UniversityXining 810001China School of Economics and Management Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810003China Management and Service Center of Huangshui national Wetland Park Xining 810001China Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science Qinghai UniversityXining 810003China Qilian Mountain national Park Qinghai Province Management bureau Xining 810001China

Algal blooms significantly affect microbial communities in wetland ***,little is known about the succession of sediment microbial communities during algal *** study aimed to investigate the temporal patterns of sediment bacterial community structure and function succession during algal blooms(March to May 2022)with high-throughput sequencing *** this end,algal blooms were divided into the bloom stage(BS),decomposition stage(DS)and end stage(ES).The results showed that:(i)The algal blooms were dominated by Microcystis species within *** phytoplankton abundance and biomass reached the peak in the BS,with 45.78×105 cells/L and 5.97 mg/L,respectively.(ii)The alpha diversity indices of the sediment bacterial community showed a monotonically increasing trend,with the lowest value in the *** blooms reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi,and raised that of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.(iii)Cyanobacterial blooms remarkably decreased the complexity of the co-occurrence network of the sediment bacterial community,which resisted extreme environmental conditions in the BS and DS by increasing positive relationships.(iv)Mantel test showed that phytoplankton biomass,T,dissolved oxygen and organic carbon had significant effects on the sediment bacterial *** results of this study are important for the ecological management of algal blooms through microorganisms.

关键词： algal blooms bacterial community eutrophication co-occurrence network FAPROTAX

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Sulfide mineral dissolution microbes: Community structure and function in industrial bioleaching heaps

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第1期4卷 29-37页

作者： Yan Jia Qiaoyi Tan Heyun Sun Yupeng Zhang Hongshan Gao Renman Ruan national Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Wanbao Mining Limited

Heap bioleaching is one of the most clean and economical processes for recovery of low-grade and complex ores, because the sulfide minerals are natural habitats for acidophiles capable of iron-and sulfur-oxidation. The most exciting advances in heap bioleaching are occurring in the field of microbiology, especially with the development of advanced molecular biology approaches. These chemolithotrophic microorganisms living in the acid mine environment fix N_2 and CO_2 and obtain energy for growth from soluble ferrous iron and reduced inorganic sulfur compounds during oxidation of sulfide minerals. The ferric iron as oxidant and sulfuric acid are a result of microbial activity and provide favorable conditions for the dissolution of sulfide minerals. Various microbial consortia were applied successfully in commercial bioleaching heaps around the world, and microbial community and activity were adapted related to the local climatic conditions, ore characteristics and engineering configuration. This review focuses on diversity of bioleaching microbes, their role in heap bioleaching processes, their community structure and function in industrial heaps and the relation to the ore characteristics and the engineering configuration, to give implications for optimizing leaching efficiency of heap bioleaching.

关键词： Acidophiles Engineering configuration Heap bioleaching Microbial activity Microbial community

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Characterization of Microbial Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soils of Cowskin Azalea(Rhododendron aureum Georgi)on Northern Slope of Changbai Mountains,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2016年第1期26卷 78-89页

作者： ZHAO Wei QI Xiaojuan LYU Jianwei YU Zhengxiang CHEN Xia national&Local United Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Herbal Medicine Breeding and Cultivation Jilin UniversityChangchun 130112China College of Basic Medicine Qiqihar Medical UniversityQiqihar 161006China School of Life Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Changbai Mountains Academy of Sciences Antu 133613China Jilin University Changchun 130112China

The vegetation and soil are mutual environmental factors, soil characteristics, such as chemical properties and microorganism that affect the vegetation occurrence, development and succession speed. In this study, we evaluated the structure of microbial communities of rhizosphere of Cowskin Azalea(Rhododendron aureum Georgi) populations and compared with non-rhizosphere soils at four sample sites of the Changbai Mountains, China, and analyzed the correlation between chemical properties of soil and microbial communities. The results showed that microbial structure and soil chemical properties are significant superior to non-rhizosphere at all four sample sites. The rhizosphere microorganisms are mainly composed of bacteria, actinomycetes, followed by fungi least. The principal component analysis(PCA) biplot displayed that there are differences between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils for microflora; Through correlation analysis, we found that the bacteria is clearly influenced by p H on the Changbai Mountains, besides p H, other soil features such as NO3–-N. These data highlight that R. aureum as the dominant vegetation living in the alpine tundra is a key factor in the formation of soil microorganism and improving soil fertility, and is of great significance for the maintenance of alpine tundra ecosystem.

关键词： Rhododendron aureum Georgi microbial community structure rhizosphere Changbai Mountains

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Bites from the same dog,different outcomes for two patients:a case report

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 963-966页

作者： Xue-Yong Huang Xing-Le Li Shu-Yu Wu Yu-Lei Gu Xin-Jun Lv John David Klena Bian-Li Xu Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention ZhengzhouChina Henan Key Laboratory of Pathogenic microorganisms ZhengzhouChina Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine XinxiangChina International Emerging Infections Program United States Centers for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Global Disease Detection Branch Division of Global Health ProtectionCenter for Global HealthUnited States Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University ZhengzhouChina Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina

Background:Rabies is a serious reemerging zoonosis in *** present human rabies cases are primarily diagnosed based on clinical *** presentation:In August 2012,a woman and her son were attacked by a stray dog in Henan,*** son received rabies postexposure prophylaxis(wound treatment followed by vaccine,no immunoglobulin),however,the mother did *** infection was subsequently laboratory confirmed in the mother and she died in December;her son is alive and healthy after 2 years of ***:This report documents that the timely utilization of postexposure prophylaxis is a required measure in preventing rabies after exposure to an animal bite.

关键词： China Encephalitis Neglected diseases Rabies Rabies atypical manifestations Rabies laboratory diagnosis Rabies postexposure prophylaxis Zoonosis

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Distribution Patterns of Soil microorganisms under Different Vegetation Types along the Riparian Wetland of the Ulson River and Its Influencing Factors

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第5期15卷 1193-1208页

作者： ZHANG Rui YANG Xinran LIU Huamin YU Hongbo NIU Feng FANG Haitao WEN Lu ZHUO Yi FU Ruiying BAI Yang XIAO Bowen WANG Lixin College of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Comprehensive Support Center Baotou Ecological Environment BureauBaotouInner Mongolia 014000China Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security(Jointly Supported by the Ministry of Education of China and Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region) Hohhot 010021China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau Hohhot 010021China Monitoring&Planning Institute of Inner Mongolia Forestry and Grassland Administration Hohhot 010021China

Wetlands are important for maintaining global ecosystem functions,mitigating global climate change,and regulating regional climate *** problems caused by global climate change have had serious impacts on plant distribution patterns in the wetlands of riparian zones,as well as on microbial community habitats in the *** study was based on a field sampling survey of the distribution characteristics of plant communities in the Ulson River,combined with remote sensing to obtain the spatial distribution pattern of vegetation in the riparian ***-throughput sequencing technology combined with the characteristics of soil physicochemical factors were then used to explore the distribution characteristics of the community structures of soil bacteria and fungi under different vegetation types in the Ulson River Basin,in order to reveal the pattern of changes of soil microbial microorganisms under the different vegetation types in the wetlands of the riparian area and the factors driving those *** results showed an obvious banding phenomenon of wetland vegetation in the Ulson River *** ranked first in relative abundance in all the sample plots and were the dominant bacteria in the study *** and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungi in the study *** swamp areas,degenerate swamp soils,soil moisture content,and soil bulk density affected the microbial richness directly or indirectly by controlling soil *** aboveground biomass was the most significant factor influencing microbial diversity in a typical wet meadow *** salinized meadows and swamped meadows,electrical conductivity affected microbial richness and soil bulk density was the main factor influencing microbial *** findings of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of degraded riparian wetlands and further clarification of soil ecosystem functions in riparian wetlands.

关键词： wetland riparian vegetation types soil microorganisms distribution pattern

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