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GID1 modulates stomatal response and submergence tolerance involving abscisic acid and gibberellic acid signaling in rice

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2015年第11期57卷 954-968页

作者： Hao Du Yu Chang Fei Huang Lizhong Xiong national Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and national Center of plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

plant responses to abiotic stresses are coordinated by arrays of growth and developmental programs. Gibberellic acid （GA） and abscisic acid （ABA） play critical roles in the developmental programs and environmental responses, respectively, through complex signaling and metabolism networks. However, crosstalk between the two phytohormones in stress responses remains largely unknown. In this study, we report that GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF 1 （GID1）, a soluble receptor for GA, regulates stomata[ develop- ment and patterning in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. The gidl mutant showed impaired biosynthesis of endogenous ABA under drought stress conditions, but it exhibited enhanced sensi- tivity to exogenous ABA. Scanning electron microscope and infrared thermal image analysis indicated an increase in the stomatal conductance in the gidl mutant under drought conditions. Interestingly, the gidl mutant had increased levels of chlorophyll and carbohydrates under submergence conditions, and showed enhanced reactive oxygen species （ROS）-scavenging ability and submergence tolerance compared with the wild-type. Further analyses suggested that the function of GID1 in submergence responses is partially dependent on ABA, and GA signaling by GID1 is involved in submergence tolerance by modulating carbohydrate consumption. Taken together, these findings suggest GID1 plays distinct roles in stomatal response and submergence tolerance through both the ABA and GA signaling pathways in rice.

关键词： Abscisic acid carbohydrateconsumption gibberellic acid stomata Oryza sativa

Characterization of a Purine Permease Family Gene OsPUP7 Involved in Growth and Development Control in Rice

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2013年第11期55卷 1119-1135页

作者： Zhuyun Qi Lizhong Xiong national Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and national Center of plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

In this study, PUP-type cytokinin transporter genes were identified in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. The Oryza sativa purine permease （OsPUP） family has 12 members that show similar predicted protein sequences with AtPUPs. To reveal the functions of OsPUP genes, we searched the T-DNA mutant library of rice and found one mutant for the member OsPUP7. The T-DNA insertion caused a new transcript that encodes a protein with 26 amino acids different from the native OsPUP7 at the C-terminus. The mutant showed multiple phenotypic changes including increased plant height, big seeds, and delayed flowering. The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drought and salt stresses and treatments with kinetin and abscisic acid. OsPUP7is expressed mainly in the vascular bundle, pistil, and stamens. The measurement of cytokinins （CKs） showed that CK content in the mutant spikelets accumulated higher than that in the wild type. Moreover, uptake experiment in the yeast fcy2 mutant suggested that OsPUP7 has the ability to transport caffeine, a CK derivative. Our results indicate that the PUP transport system also exists in rice, and OsPUP7has an important role in the transport of CK, thus affecting developmental process and stress responses.

关键词： Abiotic stress cytokinin purine permease transporter rice.

Validation and Characterization of Ghd7.1, a Major Quantitative Trait Locus with Pleiotropic Effects on Spikelets per Panicle, plant Height, and Heading Date in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2013年第10期55卷 917-927页

作者： Touming Liu Haiyang Liu Huang Zhang Yongzhong Xing national Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and national Center of plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

A quantitative trait locus （QTL） that affects heading date （HD） and the number of spikelets per panicle （SPP） was previously identified in a small region on chromosome 7 in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. In order to further characterize the QTL region, near isogenic lines （NILs） were quickly obtained by self-crossing recombinant inbred line 189, which is heterozygous in the vicinity of the target region. The pleiotropic effects of QTL Ghd7.1 on plant height （PH）, SPP, and HD, were validated using an NIL-F2 population. Ghd7.1 explained 50.2%, 45.3%, and 76.9% of phenotypic variation in PH, SPP, and HD, respectively. Ghd7.1 was precisely mapped to a 357-kb region on the basis of analysis of the progeny of the NIL-F2 population. Day-length treatment confirmed that Ghd7.1 is sensitive to photoperiod, with long days delaying heading up to 12.5 d. Identification of panicle initiation and development for the pair of NILs showed that Ghd7.1 elongated the photoperiod-sensitive phase more than 10 d, but did not change the basic vegetative phase and the reproductive growth phase. These findings indicated that Ghd7.1 regulates SPP by controlling the rate of panicle differentiation rather than the duration of panicle development.

关键词： Day-length treatment pleiotropic effects photoperiod sensitive phase rice.

Surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wild birds in the USA

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第4期4卷 426-439页

作者： Thomas J.DELIBERTO Seth R.SWAFFORD Dale L.NOLTE Kerri PEDERSEN Mark W.LUTMAN Brandon B.SCHMIT John A.BAROCH Dennis J.KOHLER Alan FRANKLIN United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceWildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Disease ProgramFort CollinsUSA United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceWildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColoradoUSA

As part of the USA’s national Strategy for Pandemic Influenza,an Interagency Strategic Plan for the Early Detection of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza in Wild Migratory Birds was developed and ***1April2006 through 31 March 2009,261946 samples fromwild birds and 101457 wild bird fecalsamples were collected in the USA;no highly pathogenic avian influenza was *** United States Department of Agriculture,and state and tribal cooperators accounted for 213115(81%)of the wild bird samples collected;31,27,21 and 21%of the samples were collected from theAtlantic,Pacific,Central and Mississippi flyways,*** than 250 species of wild birds in all 50 states were *** majority of wild birds(86%)were dabbling ducks,geese,swans and *** apparent prevalence of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses during biological years 2007 and 2008 was 9.7 and 11.0%,*** apparent prevalence of H5 and H7 subtypes across all species sampled were 0.5 and 0.06%,*** pooled fecal samples(n=101539)positive for low pathogenic avian influenza were 4.0,6.7 and 4.7%for biological years 2006,2007 and 2008,*** highly pathogenic early detection system for wild birds developed and implemented in the USA represents the largest coordinated wildlife disease surveillance system ever *** effort provided evidence that wild birds in the USA were free of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus(given the expected minimum prevalence of 0.001%)at the 99.9%confidence level during the surveillance period.

关键词： disease surveillance highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 morbidity and mortality wild bird.

Overexpression of Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to the internalization and elimination of Escherichia coli in sheep by enhancing caveolae-dependent endocytosis

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1323-1338页

作者： Yao Li Yue Zhao Xueling Xu Rui Zhang Jinlong Zhang Xiaosheng Zhang Yan Li Shoulong Deng Zhengxing Lian Beijing Key laboratory for animal Genetic Improvement National Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of AgricultureCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Tianjin Institute of animal Sciences TianjinChina State Key laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Institute of laboratory animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine CenterPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Background:Gram-negative bacterial infections have a major economic impact on both the livestock industry and public ***-like receptor 4(TLR4)plays a crucial role in host defence against Gram-negative *** the defence mechanism regulated by TLR4 may provide new targets for treatment of inflammation and control of bacterial *** a previous study,we generated transgenic sheep overexpressing TLR4 by microinjection to improve disease *** defence mechanism through which TLR4 overexpression protected these sheep against pathogens is still not fully ***:In the present study,we used Escherichia coli to infect monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of the animal *** overexpression of TLR4 strongly enhanced the percentage of endocytosis and capacity of elimination in monocytes during the early stages of *** phenomenon was mainly due to overexpression of TLR4 promoting caveolae-mediated *** of the transgenic sheep monocytes with inhibitors of TLR4,Src signalling,or the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway reduced the internalization of bacteria,weakened the ability of the monocytes to eliminate the bacteria,and increased the pH of the ***:Together,our results reveal the effects of TLR4 on the control of *** infection in the innate immunity of sheep and provide crucial evidence of the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway required for host resistance to invading bacteria in a large animal model,providing theoretical support for breeding disease resistance in the ***,Src and caveolin 1(CAV1)could be potentially valuable targets for the control of infectious diseases.

关键词： Caveolae-dependent endocytosis Host defence infection Inflammatory responses Monocytes Toll-like receptor 4

The molecular and evolutionary basis of reproductive isolation in plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第11期45卷 613-620页

作者： Yidan Ouyang Qifa Zhang national Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and national Centre of plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

Reproductive isolation is defined as processes that prevent individuals of different populations from mating, survival or producing fertile offspring. Reproductive isolation is critical for driving speciation and maintaining species identity, which has been a fundamental concern in evolutionary biology. In plants,reproductive isolation can be divided into prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers, according to its occurrence at different developmental stages. Postzygotic reproductive isolation caused by reduced fitness in hybrids is frequently observed in plants, which hinders gene flow between divergent populations and has substantial effects on genetic differentiation and speciation, and thus is a major obstacle for utilization of heterosis in hybrid crops. During the past decade, China has made tremendous progress in molecular and evolutionary basis of prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers in plants. Present understandings in reproductive isolation especially with new data in the last several years well support three evolutionary genetic models, which represent a general mechanism underlying genomic differentiation and speciation. The updated understanding will offer new approaches for the development of wide-compatibility or neutral varieties, which facilitate breeding of hybrid rice as well as other hybrid crops.

关键词： Reproductive isolation Parallel divergence model Sequential divergence model Parallel-sequential divergence model Hybrid sterility Hybrid necrosis/weakness Hybrid lethality Wide-compatibility

Genome-wide dissection of segregation distortion using multiple inter-subspecific crosses in rice

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第4期62卷 507-516页

作者： Guangwei Li Jiye Jin Yan Zhou Xufeng Bai Donghai Mao Cong Tan Gongwei Wang Yidan Ouyang national Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and national Centre of plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

Mendelian inheritance can ensure equal segregation of alleles from parents to offspring, which provides fundamental basis for genetics and molecular biology. Segregation distortion(SD) leads to preferential transmission of certain alleles from generation to generation. Such violation of Mendelian genetic principle is often accompanied by reproductive isolation and eventually speciation. Although SD is observed in a wide range of species from plants to animals, genome-wide dissection of such biased transmission of gametes is rare. Using nine inter-subspecific rice crosses, a genome-wide screen for SD loci is performed, which reveals 61 single-locus quantitative trait loci and 194 digenic interactions showing distorted transmission ratio, among which 24 new SD loci are identified. Biased transmission of alleles is observed in all nine crosses, suggesting that SD exists extensively in rice populations. 72.13% distorted regions are repeatedly detected in multiple populations, and the most prevalent SD hotspot that observed in eight populations is mapped to chromosome 3. Xian alleles are transmitted at higher frequencies than geng alleles in inter-subspecific crosses, which change the genetic composition of the rice populations. Epistatic interaction contributes significantly to the deviation of Mendelian segregation at the whole-genome level in rice, which is distinct from that in animals. These results provide an extensive archive for investigating the genetic basis of SD in rice, which have significant implications in understanding the reproductive isolation and formation of inter-subspecific barriers during the evolution.

关键词： Oryza sativa,xian/indica geng/japonica segregation distortion reproductive isolation allele frequency

Effort and Contribution of T-DNA Insertion Mutant Library for Rice Functional Genomics Research in China:Review and Perspective

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2012年第12期54卷 953-966页

作者： Yuxiao Chang Tuan Long Changyin Wu national Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and national Center of plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

With the completion of the rice （Oryza sativa L.） genome-sequencing project, the rice research community proposed to characterize the func- tion of every predicted gene in rice by 2020. One of the most effective and high-throughput strategies for studying gene function is to employ genetic mutations induced by insertion elements such as T-DNA or transposons. Since 1999, with support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China for Rice Functional Genomics Programs, large-scale T-DNA insertion mutant populations have been generated in Huazhong Agricultural University, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Currently, a total of 372,346 mutant lines have been generated, and 58,226 T-DNA or Tos17 flanking sequence tags have been isolated. Using these mutant resources, more than 40 genes with potential applications in rice breeding have already been identified. These include genes involved in biotic or abiotic stress responses, nutrient metabolism, pollen development, and plant architecture. The functional analysis of these genes will not only deepen our understanding of the fundamental biological questions in rice, but will also offer valuable gene resources for developing Green Super Rice that is high-yielding with few inputs even under the poor growth conditions of many regions of Africa and Asia.

关键词： Flanking sequence tags functional genomics insertion site rice T-DNA insertion mutant library.

The tRNA 3'-end Processing Enzyme tRNase Z2Contributes to Chloroplast Biogenesis in Rice

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2013年第11期55卷 1104-1118页

作者： Tuan Long Dong Guo Dong He Wenjie Shen Xianghua Li national Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and national Center of plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University

tRNase Z （TRZ） is a ubiquitous endonuclease that removes the 3＇-trailer from precursor tRNAs during maturation. In yeast and animals, TRZ regulates the cell cycle via its （t）RNA processing activity; however, its physiological function in higher plants has not been well characterized. This study describes the identification of a rice （Oryza sativa） TRZ2 mutant; plants homozygous for the osatrz2 mutation were albinos with deficient chlorophyll content. A microscopic analysis of the mutant plants revealed that the transition of proplastids to chloroplasts was arrested at an early stage, and the number and size of the plastids in callus cells was substantially decreased. A genetic complementation test and an RNA interference analysis confirmed that disruption of OsaTRZ2 was responsible for the mutant phenotype. OsaTRZ2 is expressed in all rice tissues, but is preferentially expressed in leaves, sheathes, and calli. OsaTRZ2 was subcellularly localized in chloroplasts, and displayed tRNA 3＇-end processing activity in both in vitro and in vivo assays. In the osatrz2 mutants, transcription of plastid-encoded and nucleus- encoded RNA polymerases was severely reduced and moderately increased, respectively. These results suggest that the tRNA 3＇ processing activity of OsaTRZ2 contributes to chloroplast biogenesis.

关键词： Chloroplast biogenesis rice tRNA processing tRNase Z.