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The microbiome's influence on obesity: mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Science China Life Sciences 2025年第3期 657-672页

作者： Dawit Adisu Tadese James Mwangi Lei Luo Hao Zhang Xiaoshan Huang Brenda B.Michira Shengwen Zhou Peter Muiruri Kamau Qiumin Lu Ren Lai Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility) Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models Sino-African Joint Research Center and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences kunming College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In 2023, the World Obesity Atlas Federation concluded that more than 50% of the world's population would be overweight or obese within the next 12 years. At the heart of this epidemic lies the gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem that profoundly influences obesity-related metabolic health. Its multifaced role encompasses energy harvesting, inflammation, satiety signaling, gut barrier function, gut-brain communication, and adipose tissue homeostasis. Recognizing the complexities of the cross-talk between host physiology and gut microbiota is crucial for developing cutting-edge, microbiome-targeted therapies to address the global obesity crisis and its alarming health and economic repercussions. This narrative review analyzed the current state of knowledge, illuminating emerging research areas and their implications for leveraging gut microbial manipulations as therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat obesity and related disorders in humans. By elucidating the complex relationship between gut microflora and obesity, we aim to contribute to the growing body of knowledge underpinning this critical field, potentially paving the way for novel interventions to combat the worldwide obesity epidemic.

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Design of a cationic accelerator enabling ultrafast ion diffusion kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 377-384页

作者： Yawei Xiao Qianqian Gu Haoyu Li Mengyao Li Yude Wang national center for International research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials School of Materials and EnergyYunnan UniversityKunming 6500504YunnanChina Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Green Low-carbon Technologies Yunnan UniversityKunming 6500504YunnanChina

Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion *** address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn^(2+)diffusion *** employing electrodeposition to coat MoS_(2)on the surface of BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O nanowires,the directional builtin electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn^(2+)diffusion into the active *** optimized Zn^(2+)diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)(7.5×10^(8)cm^(2)s^(-1)) surpasses that of most reported V-based ***,MoS_(2)serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)full batteries to over 10000 *** work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.

关键词： Internal electric field Cationic accelerator lon diffusion kinetics Cathode modification strategy Aqueous zinc ion battery

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Natural and human-induced decline and spatio-temporal differentiation of terrestrial water storage over the Lancang-Mekong River Basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第1期35卷 112-138页

作者： CHEN Junxu WANG Yuan ZHAO Zhifang FAN Yunjiang LUO Xiaochuan YI Lu FENG Siqi YANG Liang Emlyn Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development Yunnan UniversityKunming650504China International Joint research center for Karstology Yunnan UniversityKunming650091China School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou310030China Department of Geography Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichGermany

Due to water conflicts and allocation in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin(LMRB),the spatio-temporal differentiation of total water resources and the natural-human influence need to be *** work investigated LMRB's terrestrial water storage anomaly(TWSA)and its spatio-temporal dynamics during 2002–*** the effects of natural factors and human activities,the respective contributions of climate variability and human activities to terrestrial water storage change(TWSC)were *** showed that:(1)LMRB's TWSA decreased by 0.3158 cm/a.(2)TWSA showed a gradual increase in distribution from southwest of MRB to middle LMRB and from northeast of LRB to middle *** positively changed in Myanmar while slightly changed in Laos and *** negatively changed in Vietnam,Thailand and Cambodia.(3)TWSA components decreased in a descending order of soil moisture,groundwater and precipitation.(4)Natural factors had a substantial and spatial differentiated influence on TWSA over the LMRB.(5)Climate variability contributed 79%of TWSC in the LMRB while human activities contributed 21%with an increasing impact after *** TWSC of upstream basin countries was found to be controlled by climate variability while Vietnam and Cambodia's TWSC has been controlled by human activities since 2012.

关键词： spatio-temporal variation contribution separation GRACE Empirical Orthogonal Function Lancang-Mekong River

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HR121 targeting HR2 domain in S2 subunit of spike protein can serve as a broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor via intranasal administration

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第8期13卷 3339-3351页

作者： Ying Lu Fan Shen Wen-Qiang He An-Qi Li Ming-Hua Li Xiao-Li Feng Yong-Tang Zheng Wei Pang Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China kunming national high-level biosafety research center for Non-human primates Center for Biosafety MegaScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650107China

The continuously emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants pose a great challenge to the efficacy of current drugs,this necessitates the development of broad-spectrum antiviral *** the previous study,we designed a recombinant protein,heptad repeat(HR)121,as a variant-proof ***,we found it can act as a fusion inhibitor and demonstrated broadly neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 and its main *** analysis suggested that HR121 targets the HR2 domain in SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)2 subunit to block virus-cell *** experiments demonstrated that HR121 can bind HR2 at serological-pH and endosomal-pH,highlighting its inhibition capacity when SARS-CoV-2 enters via either cellular membrane fusion or endosomal ***,HR121 can effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variant pseudoviruses entering the cells,as well as block authentic SARSCoV-2 and Omicron BA.2 replications in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial *** intranasal administration to Syrian golden hamsters,it can protect hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron BA.2 ***,our results suggest that HR121 is a potent drug candidate with broadly neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 S2 subunit Heptad repeat 2 HR121 Fusion inhibitor Intranasal administration Variants Omicron BA.2

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Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 induces acute respiratory distress syndrome in human A CE2-transgenic mice

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第1期7卷 310-321页

作者： Zhenfei Bi Weiqi Hong Haiying Que Cai He Wenyan Ren Jingyun Yang Tianqi Lu Li Chen Shuaiyao Lu Xiaozhong Peng Xiawei Wei Laboratory of Aging research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityNo.17Block 3Southern Renmin RoadChengduSichuan 610041PR China national kunming high-level biosafety primate research center Institute of Medical BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeKunmingYunnanChina

The development of animal models for COVID-19 is essential for basic research and drug/vaccine *** reported COVID-19 animal models need to be established under a high biosafety level condition for the utilization of live SARS-CoV-2,which greatly limits its application in routine ***,we gen erate a mouse model of COVID-19 un der a gen eral laboratory condition that captures multiple characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)observed in huma ***,human ACE2-tra nsge nic(MCE2)mice were in tratracheally in stilled with the formaldehyde-inactivated SARS-CoV-2,resulting in a rapid weight loss and detrimental changes in lung structure and *** pulmonary pathologic changes were characterized by diffuse alveolar damage with pulmonary consolidation,hemorrhage,necrotic debris,and hyaline membrane *** production of fatal cytokines(IL-β,TNF-α,and IL-6)and the infiltration of activated neutrophils,inflammatory monocyte-macrophages,and T cells in the lung were also determined,suggesting the activation of an adaptive immune *** strategies,such as dexamethasone or passive antibody therapy,could effectively ameliorate the disease progression in this ***,the established mouse model for SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS in the current study may provide a robust tool for researchers in the standard open laboratory to investigate the pathological mechanisms or develop new therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 and ARDS.

关键词： distress lung routine

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Delayed severe cytokine storm and immune cell infiltration in SARS-CoV-2-infected aged Chinese rhesus macaques

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Zoological research 2020年第5期41卷 503-516页

作者： Tian-Zhang Song Hong-Yi Zheng Jian-Bao Han Lin Jin Xiang Yang Feng-Liang Liu Rong-Hua Luo Ren-Rong Tian Hou-Rong Cai Xiao-Li Feng Chao Liu Ming-Hua Li Yong-Tang Zheng Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China kunming national high-level biosafety research center for Non-Human primates Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210008China national Resource center for Non-Human primates National Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility)Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China

As of June 2020, Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) has killed an estimated 440 000 people worldwide, 74% of whom were aged ≥65 years,making age the most significant risk factor for death caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection. To examine the effect of age on death, we established a SARSCoV-2 infection model in Chinese rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) of varied ages. Results indicated that infected young macaques manifested impaired respiratory function, active viral replication, severe lung damage, and infiltration of CD11b^+ and CD8^+ cells in lungs at one-week post infection(wpi), but also recovered rapidly at 2 wpi. In contrast, aged macaques demonstrated delayed immune responses with a more severe cytokine storm, increased infiltration of CD11b^+ cells, and persistent infiltration of CD8^+ cells in the lungs at 2 wpi. In addition,peripheral blood T cells from aged macaques showed greater inflammation and chemotaxis, but weaker antiviral functions than that in cells from young macaques. Thus, the delayed but more severe cytokine storm and higher immune cell infiltration may explain the poorer prognosis of older aged patients suffering SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： COVID-19 Non-human primate animal model Elderly Immune response

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Tissue distribution of SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates after combined intratracheal and intranasal inoculation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第10期64卷 1792-1794页

作者： Tian-Zhang Song Jian-Bao Han Xiang Yang Ming-Hua Li Yong-Tang Zheng Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China kunming national high-level biosafety research center for Non-human primates Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academic of SciencesKunming 650107China

Dear Editor,As of 5 July,2020,approximately 20,162,000 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),have been reported globally,including an estimated 740,000 *** the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are heterogeneous,viral infection and pathological changes in the respiratory system,especially the lungs,still represent common characteristics of *** nose,served as the entrance to the respiratory system,seems to produce absent or minimal symptoms of nasal congestion or rhinorrhea during SRAS-CoV-2 infection,while other viral rhinitis(i.e.,adenovirus,rhinovirus,influenza virus,etc.)are characterized by typical nasal symptoms,including nasal congestion,rhinorrhea,and *** studies suggest that,despite a lack of other nasal symptoms,anosmia is an important sign of early-stage COVID-19(Lechien et al.,2020).

关键词： nasal respiratory acute

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Pro-inflammatory microenvironment and systemic accumulation of CXCR3+cell exacerbate lung pathology of old rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第10期6卷 3033-3044页

作者： Hong-Yi Zheng Xiao-Yan He Wei Li Tian-Zhang Song Jian-Bao Han Xiang Yang Feng-Liang Liu Rong-Hua Luo Ren-Rong Tian Xiao-Li Feng Yu-Hua Ma Chao Liu Ming-Hua Li Yong-Tang Zheng Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina kunming national high-level biosafety research center for Non-Human primates Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina national Resource center for Non-Human primates National Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility)Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina Bioland Laboratory(Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) GuangzhouChina

Understanding the pathological features of severe acute respiratory syn drome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infect io n in an animal model is crucial for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Here,we compared imnnunopathological changes in young and old rhesus macaques(RMs)before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection at the tissue *** analysis of multiplex immunofluoresce nee staining images of formali n-fixed paraffi n-embedded(FFPE)sections showed that SARS-CoV-2 infectio n specifically induced elevated levels of apoptosis,autophagy,and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-kB)activation of angiotensirv convert!ng enzyme 2(ACE2)+cells,and increased interferon a(IFN-a)-and interleukin 6(IL-6)-secreting cells and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3(CXCR3)+cells in lung tissue of old *** pathological pattern,which may be related to the age-related pro-inflammatory microenvironment in both lungs and spleens,was significantly correlated with the systemic accumulation of CXCR3+cells in lungs,spleens,and peripheral ***,the ratio of CXCR3+to T-box protein expression in T cell(T-bet)+(CXCR3+/T-bet+ratio)in CD8+cells may be used as a predictor of severe *** findings uncovered the impact of aging on the immunopathology of early SARS-CoV-2 infection and demonstrated the potential application of CXCR3+cells in predicting severe COVID-19.

关键词： CXCR3 spleen lung

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Low levels of neutralizing antibodies against XBB Omicron subvariants after BA.5 infection

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第7期8卷 3486-3497页

作者： Jingyun Yang Weiqi Hong Hong Lei Cai He Wenwen Lei Yanan Zhou Tingmei Zhao Aqu Alu Xuelei Ma Jiong Li Li Yang Zhenling Wang Wei Wang Guangwen Lu Guobo Shen Shuaiyao Lu Guizhen Wu Huashan Shi Xiawei Wei Laboratory of Aging research and Cancer Drug Target Department of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityNo.17Block 3Southern Renmin RoadChengduSichuan 610041People’s Republic of China NHC Key Laboratory of biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China national kunming high-level biosafety primate research center Institute of Medical BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeKunmingYunnanChina

The COVID-19 response strategies in Chinese mainland were recently adjusted due to the reduced pathogenicity and enhanced infectivity of Omicron *** Chengdu,China,an infection wave was predominantly induced by the BA.... 详细信息

关键词： immunity infection antibodies

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Deciphering Water Oxidation Catalysts:The Dominant Role of Surface Chemistry over Reconstruction Degree in Activity Promotion

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 340-354页

作者： Li An Jianyi Li Yuanmiao Sun Jiamin Zhu Justin Zhu Yeow Seow Hong Zhang Nan Zhang Pinxian Xi Zhichuan J.Xu Chun‑Hua Yan State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceFrontiers Science Center for Rare IsotopesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering Institute of Technology for Carbon NeutralityShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices National Center for International Research On Photoelectric and Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyElectron Microscopy CenterYunnan UniversityKunming 650091People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030People’s Republic of China Beijing national Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU‑HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

Water splitting hinges crucially on the availability of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution *** surface reconstruction has been widely observed in perovskite catalysts,and the reconstruction degree has been often correlated with the activity ***,a systematic study on the roles of Fe substitution in activation of perovskite LaNiO_(3)is *** substituting Fe content influences both current change tendency and surface reconstruction ***_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)is found exhibiting a volcano-peak intrinsic activity in both pristine and reconstructed among all substituted perovskites in the LaNi_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(3)(x=0.00,0.10,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00)*** reconstructed LaNi_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)shows a higher intrinsic activity than most reported NiFe-based ***,density functional theory calculations reveal that Fe substitution can lower the O 2p level,which thus stabilize lattice oxygen in LaNi0.9Fe0.1O3 and ensure its long-term ***,it is vital interesting that activity of the reconstructed catalysts relied more on the surface chemistry rather than the reconstruction *** effect of Fe on the degree of surface reconstruction of the perovskite is decoupled from that on its activity enhancement after surface *** finding showcases the importance to customize the surface chemistry of reconstructed catalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Perovskite oxides Doping Activation and reconstruction

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