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Optimisation of Adventitious Shoot Regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation in Canna × generalis(Canna Lily)

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Horticultural plant Journal 2019年第1期5卷 39-46页

作者： Rani Singh Arvind Kumar Dubey Indraneel Sanyal plant Transgenic Laboratory Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute

Canna being ornamental plants has a significant role in agriculture, medical, economy and food industry. Canna has a limited vase life due to the rapid loss of moisture from its perianth. For improving its market value, cuticularisation of the perianth can be achieved by the expression of a heterologous cutin producing gene, using the tissue culture and transformation protocol developed in this study. Efficient, rapid and direct adventitious shoot regeneration was successfully established in Canna × generalis using recalcitrant rhizome explants. The explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA), thidiazuron(TDZ), and kinetin. Among the four genotypes taken for tissue culture, the ‘Trinacria variegata' was the best responding cultivar. And 2 mg · L^(-1)6-BA or 1.5 mg · L^(-1) TDZ along with 0.1 mg · L^(-1) IAA was optimum for their regeneration. The highest regeneration was achieved in ‘Trinacria variegata'(36%) on 6-BA, 33% on TDZ while kinetin failed to evoke any regenerative responses. Regeneration was enhanced by supplementation of 100 mg · L^(-1) ascorbic acid(AsA), while, 100 mg · L^(-1) of l-cysteine or 100 mg · L^(-1) dithiothreitol(DTT), inhibited regeneration. Shoots were observed to develop 3–5 fibrous roots on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg · L^(-1) indole-3-butyric acid(IBA). The plantlets were transplanted into pots and acclimatised in glasshouse with 100%survival. For transformation of Canna, rhizome explants were co-cultivated for 60 min in Agrobacterium suspension. The explants were washed with 500 mg · L^(-1) cefotaxime solution, subjected to 100 mg · L^(-1) kanamycin selection followed by excision of the shoots and culturing them on IBA-supplemented media for root development. Transgene integration in the putative transformants was confirmed by PCR assay and copy number by Southern blot hybridisation analysis.

关键词： Canna regeneration rhizome UidA Agrobacterium transformation ascorbic acid 6-BA TDZ

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Evaluation of high yielding soybean germplasm under water limitation

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2016年第5期58卷 475-491页

作者： Silvas J.Prince Mackensie Murphy Raymond N.Mutava Zhengzhi Zhang Na Nguyen Yoon Ha Kim Safiullah M.Pathan Grover J.Shannon Babu Valliyodan Henry T.Nguyen national Center for Soybean biotechnology and Division of plant Sciences University of Missouri

Limited information is available for soybean root traits and their plasticity under drought stress. To date, no studies have focused on examining diverse soybean germ- plasm for regulation of shoot and root response under water limited conditions across varying soil types. In this study, 17 genetically diverse soybean germplasm lines were selected to study root response to water limited conditions in clay （trial 1） and sandy soil （trial 2） in two target environments. Physiological data on shoot traits was measured at multiple crop stages ranging from early vegetative to pod filling. The phenotypic root traits, and biomass accumulation data are collected at pod filling stage. In trial 1, the number of lateral roots and forks were positively correlated with plot yield under water limitation and in trial 2, lateral root thickness was positively correlated with the hill plot yield. plant Introduction （PI） 578477A and 088444 were found to have higher later root number and forks in clay soil with higher yield under water limitation, in sandy soil, P1458o2o was found to have a thicker lateral root system and higher yield under water limitation. The genotypes identified in this study could be used to enhance drought tolerance of elite soybean cultivars through improved root traits specific to target environments.

关键词： Fibrous root root angle root plasticity root systemarchitecture (RSA) root thickness spectral indices soybean spectralindices total root length water limitation

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Preparation of LDPE-Acetylated/Butyrylated Starch Blend Blow Films and Characterization

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第3期32卷 268-279页

作者： Sangeeta Garg Asim Kumar Jana Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJalandhar Department of biotechnology National Institute of TechnologyJalandhar

Development of modified plastics has been studied through the LDPE-acylated starch blend films to examine the effect of different acyl groups and degrees of substitution （DS） on properties of films. Corn starch was modified with acetyl and hutyryl groups and films were prepared by blending acylated starch with low density polyethylene （LDPE）. Systematic studies were done to observe the effect of acyl groups, DS and starch concentration on the properties and biodegradability of the blend films. It was observed that blend films containing 5% acetylated and butyrylated starches of high DS （2.5, 1.7） maintained 75% and 83% of tensile strength of LDPE films. Thermal analysis results indicated that acetylated and butyrylated starch blend films decomposed at 370℃ and 389℃ which were higher than the decomposition temperature of native starch film （349℃）. Scanning electron micrographs of blend films containing high DS acylated starch showed well dispersed starch particles due to improvement in dispersion between starch and LDPE. Water absorption capacity of high DS acetylated and butyrylated starch blend films （4.18% and 3.76%, respectively） was lower than that of native starch films （5%）. This study has an advantage because of blown films prepared can be integrated with the present manufacturing systems without any other requirement.

关键词： Acylated starch LDPE-starch blend films Mechanical properties Water absorption capacity Biodegradability.

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Big Roles of Small Kinases:The Complex Functions of Receptor-Like Cytoplasmic Kinases in plant Immunity and Development

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2013年第12期55卷 1188-1197页

作者： Wenwei Lin Xiyu Ma Libo Shan Ping He Department of plant Pathology and Microbiology and Institute for Plant Genomics and BiotechnologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege Station Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Institute for Plant Genomics and BiotechnologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege Station

plants have evolved a large number of receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases （RLCKs） that often functionally and physically associate with receptor-like kinases （RLKs） to modulate plant growth, development and immune responses. Without any apparent extracellular domain, RLCKs relay intracellular signaling often via RLK complex-mediated transphosphorylation events. Recent advances have suggested essential roles of diverse RLCKs in concert with RLKs in regulating various cellular and physiological responses. We summarize here the complex roles of RLCKs in mediating plant immune responses and growth regulation, and discuss specific and overlapping functions of RLCKs in transducing diverse signaling pathways.

关键词： Phosphorylation plant development plant immunity receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases.

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Altered Disease Development in the eui Mutants and Eui Overexpressors Indicates that Gibberellins Negatively Regulate Rice Basal Disease Resistance

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Molecular plant 2008年第3期1卷 528-537页

作者： Dong-Lei Yang Qun Li Yi-Wen Deng Yong-Gen Lou Mu-Yang Wang Guo-Xing Zhou Ying-Ying Zhang Zu-Hua He national Key Laboratory of plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academyof Sciences Shanghai China institute of Insect Science College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Gibberellins （GAs） form a group of important plant tetracyclic diterpenoid hormones that are involved in many aspects of plant growth and development. Emerging evidence implicates that GAs also play roles in stress responses. However, the role of GAs in biotic stress is largely unknown. Here, we report that knockout or overexpression of the Elongated uppermost internode （Eu~ gene encoding a GA deactivating enzyme compromises or increases, respectively, disease resistance to bacterial blight （Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oyrzae） and rice blast （Magnaporthe oryzae）. Exogenous application of GA3 and the inhibitor of GA synthesis （uniconazol） could increase disease susceptibility and resistance, respectively, to bacterial blight. Similarly, uniconazol restored disease resistance of the eui mutant and GA3 decreased disease resistance of the Eui overexpressors to bacterial blight. Therefore, the change of resistance attributes to GA levels. In consistency with this, the GA metabolism genes OsGA2Oox2 and OsGA20xl were down-regulated during pathogen challenge. We also found that PRla induction was enhanced but the SA level was decreased in the Eui overexpressor, while the JA level was reduced in the eui mutant. Together, our current study indicates that GAs play a negative role in rice basal disease resistance, with EUI as a positive modulator through regulating the level of bioactive GAs.

关键词： SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE SALICYLIC-ACID CELL-DEATH SIGNALING PATHWAY GREEN-REVOLUTION DEPENDENT GROWTH

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In Silico Characterization and Homology Modeling of Thylakoidbound Ascorbate Peroxidase from a Drought Tolerant Wheat Cultivar

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第4期7卷 185-193页

作者： A. Katiyar S.K. Lenka K. Lakshmi V. Chinnusamy K.C. Bansal national Research Centre on plant biotechnology Indian Agricultural Research Institute Department of Botany and plant Sciences University of CaliforniaRiverside

Ascorbate peroxidase, a haem protein （EC 1.***.1.11）, efficiently scavenges hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） in cytosol and chloroplasts of plants. In this study, a fulllength coding sequence of thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidase cDNA （TatAPX） was cloned from a drought tolerant wheat cultivar C306. Homology modeling of the TatAPX protein was performed by using the template crystal structure of chloroplastic ascorbate peroxidase from tobacco plant （PDB： IIYN）. The model structure was further refined by molecular mechanics and dynamic methods using various tools such as PROCHECK, ProSA and Verify3D. The predicted model was then tested for docking with H2O2, the substrate for TatAPX enzyme. The results revealed that Arg233 and Glu255 in the predicted active site of the enzyme are two important amino acid residues responsible for strong hydrogen bonding affinity with H2O2, which might play an important role in scavenging of H2O2 from the plant system.

关键词： ascorbate peroxidase wheat molecular modeling docking

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Methane Emission from Rice Fields:Necessity for Molecular Approach for Mitigation

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 159-178页

作者： Sujeevan RAJENDRAN Hyeonseo PARK Jiyoung KIM Soon Ju PARK Dongjin SHIN Jong-Hee LEE Young Hun SONG Nam-Chon PAEK Chul Min KIM Department of Horticulture Industry Wonkwang UniversityIksan 54538Korea plant Molecular Biology and biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea Department of Southern Area Crop Science National Institute of Crop ScienceMiryang 50424Korea Department of Agricultural biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of plant Science Plant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Anthropogenic methane emissions are a leading cause of the increase in global averagetemperatures,often referred to as global *** soils play a significant role in methaneproduction,where the anaerobic conditions promote the production of methane by *** fields contribute a considerable portion of agricultural methane emissions,as riceplants provide both factors that enhance and limit methane *** plants harbor both methaneproducingand methane-oxidizing *** from rice roots provide source for methaneproduction,while oxygen delivered from the root aerenchyma enhances methane *** haveshown that the diversity of these microorganisms depends on rice cultivars with some genes characterizedas harboring specific groups of microorganisms related to methane ***,there is still aneed for research to determine the balance between methane production and oxidation,as rice plantspossess the ability to regulate net methane *** agronomical practices,such as fertilizerand water management,have been employed to mitigate methane ***,studiescorrelating agronomic and chemical management of methane with productivity are ***,evidences for breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties are scattered largely due to the absence ofcoordinated breeding *** has indicated that phenotypic characteristics,such as rootbiomass,shoot architecture,and aerenchyma,are highly correlated with methane *** reviewdiscusses available studies that involve the correlation between plant characteristics and *** emphasizes the necessity and importance of breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties inaddition to existing agronomic,biological,and chemical *** review also delves into the idealphenotypic and physiological characteristics of low-methane-emitting rice and potential breeding techniques,drawing from studies conducted

关键词： methane emission rice breeding aerenchyma greenhouse gas radial oxygen loss

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Alpha-picolinic acid,a fungal toxin and mammal apoptosis-inducing agent,elicits hypersensitive-like response and enhances disease resistance in rice

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Cell Research 2004年第1期14卷 27-33页

作者： Hai Kuo ZHANG~1, Xin ZHANG~1, Bi Zeng MAO~(2,) Qun LI~1, Zu Hua HE~(1,2*) ~1SHARF and national Laboratory of plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai institute of plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China. ~2biotechnology institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China. SHARF and national Laboratory of plant Molecular Genetics Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China biotechnology institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Alpha-picolinic acid (PA), a metabolite of tryptophan and an inducer of apoptosis in the animal cell, has been reported to be a toxin produced by some of plant fungal pathogens and used in screening for disease resistant mutants. Here, we report that PA is an efficient apoptosis agent triggering cell death of hypersensitive-like response in planta. Confirmed by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS), rice suspension cells and leaves exhibited programmed cell death induced by PA. The PA-induced cell death was associated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species that could be blocked by diphenylene iodonium chloride, indicating that the generation of reactive oxygen species was NADPH-oxidase dependent. We also demonstrated the induction of rice defense-related genes and subsequent resistant enhancement by PA against the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Hence, it was concluded that the PA-stimulated defense response likely involves the onset of the hypersensitive response in rice, which also

关键词： picolinic acid cell death hypersensitive responses Magraporche grisea rice.

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Recombination with coat protein transgene in a complementation system based on Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2001年第3期44卷 263-273页

作者：雷万里方荣祥张国华陈晓英张晓勤 Laboratory of plant biotechnology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In order to study the feasibility of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) as an expression vector, the full-length cDNA of RNA 3 from strain SD was cloned and the sequence around the start codon of the coat protein (CP) gene was modified to create an Nsi I site for insertion of foreign genes. The CP gene was replaced by the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. The cDNAs of Fny RNAs 1 and 2 and the chimeric SD RNA 3 were cloned between the modified 35S promoter and terminator. Tobacco protoplasts were transfected with a mixture of the viral cDNAs containing 35S promoter and terminator as a replacement vector and expressed GFP. A complementation system was established when the replacement vector was inoculated onto the transgenic tobacco plants expressing SD-CMV CP. GFP was detected in the inoculated leaves in 5 of 18 tested plants and in the first upper systemic leaf of one of the 5 plants ten days after inoculation. However, no GFP could be detected in all the plants one month after inoculation. Recombination between the CMV vector and the CP transgene was proved by retro-transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and verified by DNA sequencing. Our results argue against the feasibility of the CMV-based replacement vector trans-complemented by the CP transgene, and at the same time, enlighten ways to improve the CMV-based expression vector and the biosafety of CMV CP-mediated virus resistant transgenic plants.

关键词： cucumber mosaic virus complementation vector CP transgene recombination biosafety.

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Frequently Used Allopathic and Traditional Medicine for COVID-19 Treatment and Feasibility of Their Integration

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第11期28卷 1040-1047页

作者： Aditya Upadhayay Gopal Patel Dharm Pal Awanish Kumar Department of biotechnology National Institute of TechnologyRaipurCG(492010)India Laboratory of Medicinal plant biotechnology College of PharmacyZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou(310053)China Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyRaipurCG(492010)India

To date,no satisfactory treatment for COVID-19 is *** review reported few recent updates regarding the drugs(allopathy/traditional medicines)used for the treatment of COVID-19 concerning clinical *** of the article spotlight the contribution of allopathic and Ayurvedic drugs to the scientific basis for utilization as a potential therapy against COVID-19 infection and provide new insights on the integration of allopathy and traditional *** advocated the combination of these two systems of treatment will ascertain their integrations,and there would be a good possibility and scope for developing a model of integration in the management of *** discussion may help researchers,physicians,and healthcare policymakers to encourage for effective and integrated use of allopathic and Ayurvedic medicines to control the COVID-19 pandemic more effectively.

关键词： COVID-19 allopathy traditional medicine integration promising therapy

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