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Effect of flue gas recirculation technology on soot and NO formation in the biomass pyrolysis-combustion system

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第4期66卷 945-955页

作者： YANG Yu ZHENG Shu HE YuZhen LIU Hao LU Qiang national engineering research center of New Energy Power Generation North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Pyrolysis of biomass followed by combustion of pyrolytic vapors to replace fossil fuels is an economic low-carbon ***,the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and N-containing species in biomass pyrolysis vapors result in the soot and NO *** flue gas recirculation(FGR)technology,having the potential to reduce the soot and NO emissions,was introduced to the biomass pyrolysis-combustion *** addition,it was numerically studied by simulating the biomass pyrolysis vapors based co-flow diffusion flames with CO_(2)*** the experimental and simulated results showed that the FGR had significant suppression effects on the soot *** the FGR ratio(i.e.,CO_(2)addition ratio)increased from 0%to 15%,the experimental and simulated soot volume fraction respectively decreased by 32%and 21%,which verified the models used in this *** decrease in OH concentration caused by the CO_(2)addition was responsible for the decrease in the decomposition rate of A2(A2+OH=A2–+H_(2)O).Hence,more benzo(ghi)fluoranthene(BGHIF)was generated through A1C_(2)H–+A2→BGHIF+H_(2)+H,leading to the increase in inception *** decrease in benzo(a)pyrene(BAPYR)concentration was the major factor in the decrease in soot condensation ***,the decrease in the C_(2)H_(2) and OH concentrations was responsible for the decrease in the HACA surface growth ***,the simulated results showed that the NO concentration decreased by 0.4%when the content of CO_(2)was increased by 1 vol.%.The decrease in OH concentration suppressed the NO formation via decreasing reaction rates of N+OH=NO+H and HNO+OH=NO+H_(2)O and enhanced the NO consumption via increasing reaction rate of HO_(2)+NO=NO_(2)+OH.

关键词： biomass pyrolysis vapors biomass pyrolysis-combustion system flue gas recirculation NO emission soot reduction

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Insight into the selective separation of CO_(2)from biomass pyrolysis gas over metal-incorporated nitrogen-doped carbon materials:a first-principles study

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2024年第3期18卷 1-12页

作者： Li Zhao Xinru Liu Zihao Ye Bin Hu Haoyu Wang Ji Liu Bing Zhang Qiang Lu national engineering research center of New Energy Power Generation North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

The composition of biomass pyrolysis gas is complex,and the selective separation of its components is crucial for its further ***-incorporated nitrogen-doped materials exhibit enormous potential,whereas the relevant adsorption mechanism is still ***,16 metal-incorporated nitrogen-doped carbon materials were designed based on the density functional theory calculation,and the adsorption mechanism of pyrolysis gas components H2,CO,CO_(2),CH_(4),and C2H6 was *** results indicate that metal-incorporated nitrogen-doped carbon materials generally have better adsorption effects on CO and CO_(2)than on H_(2),CH_(4),and C_(2)H_(6).Transition metal Mo-and alkaline earth metal Mg-and Ca-incorporated nitrogen-doped carbon materials show the potential to separate CO and CO_(2).The mixed adsorption results of CO_(2)and CO further indicate that when the CO_(2)ratio is significantly higher than that of CO,the saturated adsorption of CO_(2)will precede that of ***,the three metal-incorporated nitrogen-doped carbon materials can selectively separate CO_(2),and the alkaline earth metal Mg-incorporated nitrogen-doped carbon material has the best *** study provides theoretical guidance for the design of carbon capture materials and lays the foundation for the efficient utilization of biomass pyrolysis gas.

关键词： CO_(2)capture biomass pyrolysis gas selective adsorption carbon materials first-principles

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不同开路电压松弛时间下基于等效电路解构的锂离子电池荷电状态估计（英文）

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2017年第4期18卷 256-267页

作者： Xi-ming CHENG Li-guang YAO Michael PECHT Collaborative Innovation center for electric vehicles in Beijing National Engineering Laboratory for Electric VehiclesDepartment of Vehicular Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology center of Advanced Life Cycle engineering University of Maryland

目的:开路电压是基于模型的电池荷电状态估计的必要参数,其测试耗时大、效率低。本文旨在测试各种电压松弛时间的荷电状态-开路电压关系,研究其对开路电压法和等效电路模型的荷电状态估计准确度的影响,提高开路电压测试效率。创新点:1.... 详细信息

目的:开路电压是基于模型的电池荷电状态估计的必要参数,其测试耗时大、效率低。本文旨在测试各种电压松弛时间的荷电状态-开路电压关系,研究其对开路电压法和等效电路模型的荷电状态估计准确度的影响,提高开路电压测试效率。创新点:1.通过电路解构方法,将二阶阻容电路分解为简单路,运用二阶段递推最小二乘法辨识电路模型的参数;2.基于递推最小二乘法和卡尔曼滤波算法,建立电路参数辨识和荷电状态估计的的联合自适应算法,研究电池电压松弛时间对基于等效电路模型的荷电状态估计的影响。方法:1.通过电路解构技术和理论推导,构建辨识二阶阻容等效电路参数的二阶段递推最小二乘法辨识方法(图2和公式(4)^(9));2.将二阶段递推最小二乘法和扩展卡尔曼滤波器集成,建立适应工况变化的电池模型参数辨识和状态估计的联合算法(图3);3.通过电池测试,建立多温度和多电压松弛时间的荷电状态与开路电压的关系,驱动自适应联合算法,获得既保证荷电状态估计准确度,又缩短开路电压测试时间的电压松弛时间。结论:1.二阶段递推最小二乘法既能简化矩阵计算,又能够保证电路参数的辨识非负性;2.联合自适应算法能够适应工况变化辨识模型参数和估计荷电状态;3.联合自适应算法的结果表明,5 min的电压松弛时间既能保证荷电状态估计性能,又能极大地提高开路电压测试效率。

关键词：锂离子电池开路电压荷电状态递推最小二乘法扩展卡尔曼滤波器

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Reversible and irreversible heat generation of NCA/Si–C pouch cell during electrochemical energy-storage process

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第2期28卷 95-102页

作者： Ying Bai Limin Li Yu Li Guanghai Chen Huichun Zhao Zhaohua Wang Chuan Wu Hongyun Ma Xinquan Wang Hongyue Cui Jiang Zhou School of Materials Science and engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Collaborative Innovation center of electric vehicles in Beijing Lishen research Institute Tianjin Lishen Battery Joint-stock Co.Ltd.

To meet the requirements of electronic vehicles(EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles(HEVs),the high energy density Li Ni_(0.8) Co_(0.15) Al_(0.05) O_2(NCA) cathode and Si–C anode have attracted more *** we report the thermal behaviors of NCA/Si–C pouch cell during the charge/discharge processes at different current *** total heat generations are derived from the surface temperature change during electrochemical Li+insertion/extraction in adiabatic *** reversible heat is determined by the entropic coefficients,which are related with open-circuit voltage at different temperatures; while the irreversible heat is determined by the internal resistance,which can be obtained via V–I characteristic,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and hybrid pulse power characterization(HPPC).During the electrochemical process,the reversible heat contributes less than 10% to total heat generation; and the heat generated in charge process is less than that in discharge *** results of thermal behaviors analyses are conducive to understanding the safety management and paving the way for building a reliable thermal model of high energy density lithium ion battery.

关键词： Heat generation Internal resistance Reversible heat Irreversible heat Pouch cell

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Effect of Welding Processes and Consumables on Tensile and Impact Properties of High Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Joints

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2008年第6期15卷 87-94页

作者： G Magudeeswaran V Balasubramanian G Madhusudhan Reddy T S Balasubramanian center for Advanced Materials Joining and research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai University Metal Joining Section Defence MetallurgicalResearch Laboratory Special vehicles Division Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment

Quenched and tempered steels are prone to hydrogen induced cracking in the heat affected zone after welding. The use of austenitic stainless steel consumables to weld the above steel was the only available remedy because of higher solubility for hydrogen in austenitic phase. In this investigation, an attempt was made to determine a suitable consumable to replace expensive austenitic consumables. Two different consumables, namely, austenitie stain less steel and low hydrogen ferritic steel, were used to fabricate the joints by shielded metal are welding （SMAW） and flux cored arc welding （FCAW） processes. The joints fabricated by using low hydrogen ferritic steel consumables showed superior transverse tensile properties, whereas joints fabricated by using austenitic stainless steel consumables exhibited better impact toughness, irrespective of the welding process used. The SMAW joints exhibited superior mechanical and impact properties, irrespective of the consumables used, than their FCAW counterparts.

关键词： shielded metal arc welding process flux cored arc welding process austenitie stainless steel low hydro gen ferritic steel transverse tensile property impact toughness

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An interface-reconstruction effect for rechargeable aluminum battery in ionic liquid electrolyte to enhance cycling performances

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Green Energy & Environment 2018年第1期3卷 71-77页

作者： Feng Wu Na Zhu Ying Bai Yaning Gao Chuan Wu Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Collaborative Innovation center of electric vehicles in Beijing

Aluminum(Al) metal has been regarded as a promising anode for rechargeable batteries because of its natural abundance and high theoretical specific capacity. However, rechargeable aluminum batteries(RABs) using A1 metal as anode display poor cycling performances owing to interface problems between anode and electrolyte. The solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI) layer on the anode has been confirmed to be essential for improving cycling performances of rechargeable batteries. Therefore, we immerse the Al metal in ionic liquid electrolyte for some time before it is used as anode to remove the passive film and expose fresh Al to the electrolyte. Then the reactions of exposed Al, acid, oxygen and water in electrolyte are occurred to form an SEI layer in the cycle. Al/electrolyte/V_2 O_5 full batteries with the thin, uniform and stable SEI layer on Al metal anode perform high discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency(CE). This work illustrates that an SEI layer is formed on Al metal anode in the cycle using a simple and effective pretreatment process and results in superior cycling performances for RABs.

关键词： Rechargeable aluminum battery Aluminum anode Ionic liquid electrolyte Solid-electrolyte interphase

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Multi-objective optimization of lithium-ion battery designs considering the dilemma between energy density and rate capability

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Energy and AI 2024年第4期18卷 53-63页

作者： Xiao-Ying Ma Wen-Ke Zhang Ying Yin Kailong Liu Xiao-Guang Yang national engineering research center of electric vehicles School of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Shenzhen Automotive research Institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518118GuangdongChina School of Control Science and engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250100China

Electrified transportation requires batteries with high energy density and high-rate capability for both charging and ***-ion batteries(LiBs)face a dilemma:increasing areal capacity and reducing electrode porosity to boost energy density often reduces rate capability due to a longer and more tortuous ion transfer *** cell design parameters to balance these metrics is essential but ***,we present a multi-objective optimization framework targeting energy density,fast charging,high-rate discharging,and lifespan *** cell parameters-cathode areal capacity,N-P ratio,cathode porosity,and anode poros-ity-along with operating temperature,are selected as design variables.A physics-based pseudo-2D model,validated against experimental data,generates data to train the surrogate model,which is combined with the NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm for rapid *** different objective calculation methods are compared to identify the maximum sum of energy densities,lowest polarization,and most balanced performance,*** design parameters are optimized at different temperatures using the most balanced optimization *** demonstrate that elevating cell operating temperature achieves high-rate capability while maintaining high energy density,mitigating the energy-power trade-off and broadening battery design parameter ranges.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Multi-objective optimization Battery design Fast charging Lithium plating

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Reorganizing electronic structure of Li3V2(PO4)3 using polyanion(BO3)^3-:towards better electrochemical performances

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Rare Metals 2017年第5期36卷 397-402页

作者： Yu Li Ying Bai Zhi Yang Zhao-Hua Wang Shi Chen Feng Wu Chuan Wu School of Materials Science and engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation center of electric vehicles in Beijing Beijing 100081China

Doping modification of electrode materials is a sought-after strategy to improve their electrochemical performance in the secondary batteries field. Herein,polyanion（BO3）^3-doped Li3V2（PO4）3 cathode materials were successfully synthesized via a wet coordination method. The effects of（BO3）^3- doping content on crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical performance were explored by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, cyclic voltammetry（CV） and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）. All the asprepared samples have the same monoclinic structure;among them, Li3V2（PO4）（2.75）（BO3）（0.15） sample has relatively uniform and optimized particle size. In addition, this sample has the highest discharge capacity and the best cycling stability, with an initial discharge capacity of 120.4mAh·g^-1, and after 30 cycles at a rate of 0.1C, the discharge capacity still remains 119.3 mAh·g^-1. It is confirmed that moderate polyanion（BO3）^3- doping can rearrange the electronic structure of the bulk Li3V2（PO4）3,lower the charge transfer resistance and further improve the electrochemical behaviors.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Cathode materials Li3V2(PO4)3 Polyanion doping (BO3)^3-

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Comparative calculation on Li^+ solvation in common organic electrolyte solvents for lithium ion batteries

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第4期29卷 49-57页

作者： Qi Liu Feng Wu Daobin Mu Borong Wu Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and engineering School of Material Science and EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in BeijingBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

It is important for the electrolytes to maintain and enhance the lithium ion battery electrochemical performance,and solvation of Li^+is a key parameter for the property of the *** comparative study on Li^+ solvation structures,energy,enthalpy,Gibbs free energy,infrared and Raman spectra in common organic electrolyte solvents is completed by density functional theory(DFT)*** solvation reaction energy results suggest that the Li^+solvation priority order is propylene carbonate(PC)>ethylene carbonate(EC)>ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC)>diethyl carbonate(DEC)>tetrahydrofuran(THF)>dimethyl carbonate(DMC)>1,3-dioxolane(DOL)>dimethoxyethane(DME)to form 5sol Li^+.It is also indicated that the most innermost solvation shell compounds formations by stepwise spontaneous solvation reaction are four cyclic solvent molecules and three linear solvent molecules combining one Li^+ forming 4sol-Li^+ and 3sol-Li^+,respectively,at room ***,the vibration peaks for C=O and C-O bonds in carbonate ester solvents-Li^+ compounds shift to lower frequency and higher frequency,respectively,when the Li^+ concentration increases in the solvation *** Li-O stretching vibration peaks shift to higher frequency until forming 2solvent-Li^+ complexes,and C-H stretching also shifts to higher frequency except for nDME-Li^+ solvation *** Raman spectrum is more agile to characterize C-H vibrations and IR is agile to C=O,C-O,and Li-O vibrations for Li^+solvation compounds.

关键词： Li^+solvation frequency shift infrared spectra Raman spectra

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Changes in factor profiles deriving from photochemical losses of volatile organic compounds:Insight from daytime and nighttime positive matrix factorization ana

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 627-639页

作者： Baoshuang Liu Tao Yang Sicong Kang Fuquan Wang Haixu Zhang Man Xu Wei Wang Jinrui Bai Shaojie Song Qili Dai Yinchang Feng Philip K.Hopke State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control&Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission research College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health research Tianjin 300350China Beijing Make Environment Science&Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China Shijiazhuang Environmental Prediction center Shijiazhuang 050022China Department of Public Health Sciences University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNY 14642USA Institute for a Sustainable Environment Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA

Substantial effects of photochemical reaction losses of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)on factor profiles can be investigated by comparing the differences between daytime and nighttime dispersion-normalized VOC data resolved *** speciated VOC data measured in Shijiazhuang,China from May to September 2021 were used to conduct *** mean VOC concentration in the daytime and at nighttime were 32.8 and 36.0 ppbv,*** and aromatics concentrations in the daytime(12.9 and 3.08 ppbv)were lower than nighttime(15.5 and 3.63 ppbv),whereas that of alkenes showed the opposite *** concentration differences between daytime and nighttime for alkynes and halogenated hydrocarbonswere uniformly *** reactivities of the dominant species in factor profiles for gasoline emissions,natural gas and diesel vehicles,and liquefied petroleum gas were relatively low and their profiles were less affected by photochemical *** losses produced a substantial impact on the profiles of solvent use,petrochemical industry emissions,combustion sources,and biogenic emissions where the dominant species in these factor profiles had high *** the profile of biogenic emissions was substantially affected by photochemical loss of isoprene,the low emissions at nighttime also had an important impact on its *** losses of highly active VOC species substantially reduced their concentrations in apportioned factor *** study results were consistent with the analytical results obtained through initial concentration estimation,suggesting that the initial concentration estimation could be the most effective currently availablemethod for the source analyses of active VOCs although with uncertainty.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Dispersion normalization Photochemical loss Factor profile Positive matrix factorization

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