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Fungal diversity notes 367-490:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa

Fungal diversity 2016年第5期80卷 1-270页

作者： Kevin d.Hyde Sinang Hongsanan Rajesh Jeewon d.Jayarama Bhat Eric H.C.McKenzie E.B.Gareth Jones Rungtiwa Phookamsak Hiran A.Ariyawansa Saranyaphat Boonmee Qi Zhao Faten Awad Abdel-Aziz Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Supharat Banmai Putarak Chomnunti Bao-Kai Cui dinushani A.daranagama Kanad das Monika C.dayarathne Nimali Ide Silva Asha J.dissanayake Mingkwan doilom Anusha H.Ekanayaka Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni Aristóteles Góes-Neto Shi-Ke Huang Subashini C.Jayasiri Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Sirinapa Konta Hyang Burm Lee Wen-Jing Li Chuan-Gen Lin Jian-Kui Liu Yong-Zhong Lu Zong-Long Luo Ishara S.Manawasinghe Patinjareveettil Manimohan Ausana Mapook Tuula Niskanen Chada Norphanphoun Moslem Papizadeh Rekhani H.Perera Chayanard Phukhamsakda Christian Richter AndréL.C.Mde A.Santiago E.Ricardo drechsler-Santos Indunil C.Senanayake Kazuaki Tanaka T.M.d.S.Tennakoon Kasun M.Thambugala Qing Tian Saowaluck Tibpromma Benjarong Thongbai Alfredo Vizzini dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Nalin N.Wijayawardene Hai-Xia Wu Jing Yang Xiang-Yu Zeng Huang Zhang Jin-Feng Zhang Timur S.Bulgakov Erio Camporesi Ali H.Bahkali Mohammad A.Amoozegar Lidia Silva Araujo-Neta Joseph F.Ammirati Abhishek Baghela R.P.Bhatt dimitar Bojantchev Bart Buyck Gladstone Alves da Silva Catarina Letícia Ferreira de Lima Rafael JoséVilela de Oliveira Carlos Alberto Fragoso de Souza Yu-Cheng dai Bálint dima Tham Thi duong Enrico Ercole Fernando Mafalda-Freire Aniket Ghosh Akira Hashimoto Sutakorn Kamolhan Ji-Chuan Kang Samantha C.Karunarathna Paul M.Kirk Ilkka Kytovuori Angela Lantieri Kare Liimatainen Zuo-Yi Liu Xing-Zhong Liu Robert Lücking Gianfranco Medardi Peter E.Mortimer Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen Itthayakorn Promputtha K.N.Anil Raj Mateus A.Reck Saisamorn Lumyong Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh-Fazeli Marc Stadler Mohammad Reza Soudi Hong-Yan Su Takumasa Takahashi Narumon Tangthirasunun Priyanka Uniyal Yong Wang Ting-Chi Wen Jian-Chu Xu Zhong-Kai Zhang Yong-Chang Zhao Jun-Liang Zhou Lin Zhu Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Key Lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation Ministry of AgricultureYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural BiotechnologyYunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650223YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Plant diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang University333 M.1T.ThasudMuangChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo 31st West Beichen RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh1145Saudi Arabia department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag 82524Egypt Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Hirosaki University3 Bunkyo-choHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Iwate University18-8 Ueda 3 ChomeMorioka 020-8550Japan Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesXiaohe DistrictGuiyang CityGuizhou Province 550006People’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China department of Botany Goa UniversityTaleigãoGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa Velha 403108India department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Centre of Mountain Ecosystem Studies Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China department of Microbial drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Res

This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic papers where materials are examined,described and novel combinations are proposed where necessary to improve our traditional species concepts and provide updates on their *** addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections,dNA sequence data are also analysed from concatenated datasets(rdNA,TEF-a,RBP2 and b-Tubulin)to infer phylogenetic relationships and substantiate systematic position of taxa within appropriate *** new species or combinations are being proposed,we apply an integrative approach(morphological and molecular data as well as ecological features wherever applicable).Notes on 125 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper,including eight new genera,101 new species,two new combinations,one neotype,four reference specimens,new host or distribution records for eight species and one alternative *** new genera introduced in this paper are Alloarthopyrenia,Arundellina,Camarosporioides,Neomassaria,Neomassarina,Neotruncatella,Paracapsulospora and *** new species are Alfaria spartii,Alloarthopyrenia italica,Anthostomella ravenna,***,Arthrinium paraphaeospermum,Arundellina typhae,Aspergillus koreanus,Asterina cynometrae,Bertiella ellipsoidea,Blastophorum aquaticum,Cainia globosa,Camarosporioides phragmitis,Ceramothyrium menglunense,Chaetosphaeronema achilleae,Chlamydotubeufia helicospora,Ciliochorella phanericola,Clavulinopsis aurantiaca,Colletotrichum insertae,Comoclathris italica,Coronophora myricoides,Cortinarius fulvescentoideus,***,***,***,Cunninghamella gigacellularis,Cyathus pyristriatus,Cytospora cotini,dematiopleospora alliariae,***,diaporthe aseana,***,distoseptispora multiseptata,***,***,dothiora buxi,Emericellopsis persica,Gloniopsis calami,Helicoma guttulatum,Helvella floriforma,***,Hermatomyces subiculosa,Ju

关键词： Ascomycota Basidiomycota dothideomycetes Mortierellomycotina Mucoromycotina Pezizomycetes Phylogeny Taxonomy New genus New species New host records

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Role of Genetic Ancestry in Oropharyngeal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2023年第1期11卷 150-161页

作者： Chrystiano de Campos Ferreira Ricardo Ribeiro Gama Ana Carolina de Carvalho Iara Santana Raiany S. Carvalho debora S. de A. e Silva Lais M. de Jesus Rui M. Reis Rozany dufloth department of Head and Neck Surgery Barretos Cancer Hospital S&atilde o Paulo Brazil department of Medicine Federal University of Rond&ocirc nia Rond&ocirc nia Brazil Molecular Oncology Research Center Barretos Cancer Hospital S&atilde o Paulo Brazil department of Pathology Barretos Cancer Hospital S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) Medical School University of Minho Braga Portugal Institute of Anatomical Pathology Rede D’Or S&atilde o Luiz Hospitals Network S&atilde o Paulo Brazil

Background: HPV infection represents an important etiologic factor for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC). The different ethnic backgrounds could be related to different susceptibility to Human Papillomavirus (HPV). The aim of our study was to assess the whole of genetic ancestry in HPV status in OPSCC patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with OPSCC admitted to the Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil from 2014 to 2019. Of these, dNA extraction was performed on 40 patients and genetic ancestry was assessed using a specific panel of 46 informative ancestry markers. Results: We observed a predominance of European ancestry (63%), followed by African (18%), Amerindian (9%) and Asian (8%) both in the OPSCC HPV-positive and HPV-negative group. We did not find any statistically significant differences between the HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPSCC groups in relation to European (p = 0.499), African (p = 0.448), Asian (p = 0.275) or Amerindian (p = 0.836) ancestry. Conclusions: We found a predominance of European ancestry, both in the HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups. In our study, we did not find statistically significant differences between HPV-positive or HPV-negative groups in relation to ancestry.

关键词： Oropharyngeal Neoplasms Genetic Ancestry HPV Head and Neck Neoplasms P16

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Viability and Proteolytic Capacity of Lactobacillus bulgaricus 2772 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during Cheese Ripening

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2014年第3期2卷 7-12页

作者： L. G.Gonzalez-Olivares Z.L.Lopez-Cuellar J.Anorve-Morga M.J.Franco-Fernandez A.Castaneda-Ovando E.Contreras-Lopez J.Jaimez-Ordaz G.M.Rodriguez-Serrano Centro de InvestigacionesQuimicas Universidad Autonoma del Estado de HidalgoCarr.Pachuca-Tulancingo km.4.5PachucaHgo.C.P.42067Mexico Instituto de CienciasAgropecuarias Universidad Autonoma del Estado de HidalgoRancho Universitario Av.Universidad Km.1 Ex-Hda.deAquetzalpa AP 32TulancingoHgoMexico departamento de Biotecnologia Universidad AutonomaMetropolitanaUnidadIztapalapaAP 55-355 Mexico D.F.Mexico

Nowadays, probiotics have been utilized as starter cultures in the elaboration of fermented dairy products such as cheese. The survival of probiotic microorganisms in this type of products is very important in order to have a beneficial effect after their consumption. In addition to this, milk proteins are considered an important source of bioactive peptides. These peptides have been identified in hydrolyzed products of milk proteins and dairy products such as cheese. In this study, the protective effect on the survival of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was determined in a cheese which was inoculated only with this probiotic microorganism, and in another cheese additionally inoculated with Lactobacillus bulgaricus 2772 (exopolysaccharide producer bacteria). The ripening of these cheeses took place for 28 days at two different temperatures (4°C and 14°C). The proteolytic?capacity was analyzed by measuring the concentration of free amino groups, through the trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid method (TNBS). The separation of peptides was carried out by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SdS-PAGE) with 15% T. At the end of the study it was found that the population density was higher in the cheeses ripened at 14°C while at 4°C, it decreased. A?higher proteolytic activity at 14°C was also observed and it was determined by a higher concentration of free amino groups. Likewise, during the analysis of electrophoresis gels, a higher concentration of peptides smaller than 10 kda was found in the samples of cheeses ripened at 14°C. These results increase the expectations to find peptides with a biological function.

关键词： Probiotics Lactic Bacteria Ripening Cheese Bioactive Peptides Proteolysis

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Plant Biosystems design Research Roadmap 1.0

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Biodesign Research 2020年第1期2020卷 53-90页

作者： Xiaohan Yang June I.Medford Kasey Markel Patrick M.Shih Henrique C.de Paoli Cong T.Trinh Alistair J.McCormick Raphael Ployet Steven G.Hussey Alexander A.Myburg Poul Erik Jensen Md Mahmudul Hassan Jin Zhang Wellington Muchero Udaya C.Kalluri Hengfu Yin Renying Zhuo Paul E.Abraham Jin-Gui Chen david J.Weston Yinong Yang degao Liu Yi Li Jessy Labbe Bing Yang Jun Hyung Lee Robert W.Cottingham Stanton Martin Mengzhu Lu Timothy J.Tschaplinski Guoliang Yuan Haiwei Lu Priya Ranjan Julie C.Mitchell Stan d.Wullschleger Gerald A.Tuskan biosciences division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA The Center for Bioenergy Innovation Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA department of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA department of Plant Biology University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA Feedstocks division Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA department of Biodesign Biological Systems and Engineering DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA SynthSys and Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUK department of Biochemistry Genetics and MicrobiologyForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute(FABI)University of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa department of Food Science University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 26DK-1858FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture School of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311300China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of Subtropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouZhejiang 311400China department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology and the Huck Institute of the Life Sciences The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA department of Genetics Cell Biology and DevelopmentCenter for Precision Plant Genomics and Center for Genome EngineeringUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA division of Plant Sciences Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA donald danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMOUSA Environmental Sciences division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

Human life intimately depends on plants for food,biomaterials,health,energy,and a sustainable *** plants have been genetically improved mostly through breeding,along with limited modification via genetic engineering,yet they are still not able to meet the ever-increasing needs,in terms of both quantity and quality,resulting from the rapid increase in world population and expected standards of living.A step change that may address these challenges would be to expand the potential of plants using biosystems design *** represents a shift in plant science research from relatively simple trial-and-error approaches to innovative strategies based on predictive models of biological *** biosystems design seeks to accelerate plant genetic improvement using genome editing and genetic circuit engineering or create novel plant systems through de novo synthesis of plant *** this perspective,we present a comprehensive roadmap of plant biosystems design covering theories,principles,and technical methods,along with potential applications in basic and applied plant biology *** highlight current challenges,future opportunities,and research priorities,along with a framework for international collaboration,towards rapid advancement of this emerging interdisciplinary area of ***,we discuss the importance of social responsibility in utilizing plant biosystems design and suggest strategies for improving public perception,trust,and acceptance.

关键词： Plant utilizing breeding

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Outcome of Leflunomide in the Treatment of Proliferative Lupus Nephritis Compared to Cyclophosphamide

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2021年第3期9卷 64-76页

作者： Shahida Mullah Muhammad Rafiqul Alam Shamim Ahmed Amanur Rasul Md. Faisal Anirban Kishor Singha A. K. M. Shahidur Rahman diwakar Manandhar Asif Mahmud Bikram Bir Bajracharya S. M. Shamsuzzaman Rafi Nazrul Islam Md. Rezaul Alam Ferdous Jahan department of Medicine Sarkari Karmachari Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh department of Rheumatology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh department of Nephrology Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) Dhaka Bangladesh department of Nephrology Kurmitola General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Lecturer of Nephrology Kist Medical College and Teaching Hospital Kathmandu Nepal Clinical Fellow ST3+ Medicine and Specialties Worcestershire Royal Hospital Worcester UK Goshairhat Upazila Health Complex Shariatpur Bangladesh department of Nephrology & dialysis BIRDEM General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most common presentations of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cyclophosphamide is one of the key immunosuppressive agents for the management of LN. Leflunomide is an isoxazole immunomodulatory agent has been shown to be safe, well tolerated and effective in SLE and LN. Objective: To evaluate the outcome of leflunomide in the treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis compared to cyclophosphamide. Method: This randomized clinical trial was held in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2017 to August 2019. A total of 66 patients of proliferative lupus nephritis who need induction therapy were enrolled in this study. Leflunomide 100 mg/day for consecutive 3 days followed by 0.5 mg/kg/day in divided dose was given in experimental group (n = 32) and intravenous cyclophosphamide 0.5 gm/m2 of body surface area monthly pulse was given in control group (n = 34). All study patients have received prednisolone and hydroxychloroquine according to KdIGO guideline then followed up monthly for 6 months. Outcomes were measured at 6th month by renal function [S. Creatinine, 24 hours urinary total protein (24-hr UTP)], changes in SELENA-SLEdAI score, anti-ds dNA level, serum complement levels (serum C3 & C4), remission (complete/partial) and adverse drug responses. Result: In experimental group, remission occurred in 18 (56.3%) patients and no remission in 14 (43.7%) patients. In control group, remission occurred in 24 (70.6%) patients and no remission in 10 (29.4%) patients. Adverse effects in experimental group were: elevated ALT (6.3%), hypertension (12.5%), infection (6.3%) and amenorrhea (12.5%). In control group, adverse effects were mainly leucopenia (5.9%), infection (17.7%) and amenorrhea (29.4%). Intergroup analysis for treatment responses and adverse effects showed no significant difference (p > 0.05). Concl

关键词： Cyclophosphamide Leflunomide Lupus Nephritis (LN) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

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Comprehensive functional annotation of susceptibility variants identifies genetic heterogeneity between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

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Frontiers of Medicine 2021年第2期15卷 275-291页

作者： Na Qin Yuancheng Li Cheng Wang Meng Zhu Juncheng dai Tongtong Hong demetrius Albanes Stephen Lam Adonina Tardon Chu Chen Gary Goodman Stig EBojesen Maria Teresa Landi Mattias Johansson Angela Risch H-Erich Wichmann Heike Bickeboller Gadi Rennert Susanne Arnold Paul Brennan John KField Sanjay Shete Loic Le Marchand Olle Melander Hans Brunnstrom Geoffrey Liu Rayjean JHung Angeline Andrew Lambertus AKiemeney Shan Zienolddiny Kjell Grankvist Mikael Johansson Neil Caporaso Penella Woll Philip Lazarus Matthew BSchabath Melinda CAldrich Victoria LStevens Guangfu Jin david CChristiani Zhibin Hu Christopher IAmos Hongxia Ma Hongbing Shen department of Epidemiology Center for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Center for Global HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China department of Bioinformatics School of Biomedical Engineering and InformaticsNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD 20892-9304USA department of Integrative Oncology British Columbia Cancer AgencyVancouverBC V5Z 1L3Canada Faculty of Medicine University of Oviedo and CIBERESPOviedo 33006Spain Program in Epidemiology Public Health Sciences DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWA 98109-1024USA Public Health Sciences division Swedish Cancer InstituteSeattleWA 98026USA department of Clinical Biochemistry Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagen DK-1017Denmark National Cancer Institute BethesdaMD 20892-9304USA Genetic Epidemiology Group International Agency for Research on CancerLyon 69372France Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS Department of Molecular BiologyUniversity of SalzburgHeidelberg 5020Austria Institute of Medical Informatics Biometry and EpidemiologyChair of EpidemiologyLudwig Maximilians UniversityMunichBavaria 80539Germany department of Genetic Epidemiology University Medical Center GoettingenGoettingen 37075Germany Technion Faculty of Medicine Carmel Medical CenterHaifa 3448516Israel Markey Cancer Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506-0054USA department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research ProgrammeThe University of Liverpool Institute of Translational MedicineLiverpool L697Z

Although genome-wide association studies have identified more than eighty genetic variants associated with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)risk,biological mechanisms of these variants remain largely *** integrating a large-scale genotype data of 15581 lung adenocarcinoma(Ad)cases,8350 squamous cell carcinoma(SqCC)cases,and 27355 controls,as well as multiple transcriptome and epigenomic databases,we conducted histology-specific meta-analyses and functional annotations of both reported and novel susceptibility *** identified 3064 credible risk variants for NSCLC,which were overrepresented in enhancer-like and promoter-like histone modification peaks as well as dNase I hypersensitive *** factor enrichment analysis revealed that USF1 was Ad-specific while CREB1 was *** annotation and genebased analysis implicated 894 target genes,including 274 specifics for Ad and 123 for SqCC,which were overrepresented in somatic driver genes(ER=1.95,P=0.005).Pathway enrichment analysis and Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that Ad genes were primarily involved in immune-related pathways,while SqCC genes were homologous recombination deficiency *** results illustrate the molecular basis of both wellstudied and new susceptibility loci of NSCLC,providing not only novel insights into the genetic heterogeneity between Ad and SqCC but also a set of plausible gene targets for post-GWAS functional experiments.

关键词： lung cancer genome-wide association study function annotation immune homologous recombination repair deficiency genetic heterogeneity

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A robust new metric of phenotypic distance to estimate and compare multiple trait differences among populations

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 426-439页

作者： Rebecca SAFRAN Samuel FLAXMAN Michael KOPP darren E. IRWIN derek BRIGGS Matthew R. EVANS W. Chris FUNK david A. GRAY Eileen A. HEBETS Nathalie SEddON Elizabeth SCORdATO Laurel B. SYMES Joseph A. TOBIAS david P. L. TOEWS J. Albert C. UY department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 U.S.A. Mathematics and B iosciences Group Faculty of Mathematics University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria Current address Evolutionary Biology and Modeling Group Faculty of Sciences Aix-Marseille University 13331 Marseille France. department of Zoology University of British Columbia 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z4. Research ＆ Evaluation Methodology School of Education University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 U.S.A. School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 U.S.A. department of Biology California State University Northridge CA 91330 U.S.A. School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 U.S.A. Edward Grey Institute Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3PS UK Committee on Evolutionary Biology The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637U.S.A. department of Biology Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 U.S.A. department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables FL 33146 U.S.A.

Whereas a rich literature exists for estimating population genetic divergence, metrics of phenotypic trait divergence are lacking, particularly for comparing multiple traits among three or more populations. Here, we review and analyze via simula- tion Hedges＇ g, a widely used parametric estimate of effect size. Our analyses indicate that g is sensitive to a combination of unequal trait variances and unequal sample sizes among populations and to changes in the scale of measurement. We then go on to derive and explain a new, non-parametric distance measure, ＇Aft＇, which is caiculated based upon a joint cumulative distribution function （CdF） from all populations under study. More precisely, distances are measured in terms of the percentiles in this CdF at which each population＇s median lies. Ap combines many desirable features of other distance metrics into a single metric; namely, compared to other metrics, p is relatively insensitive to unequal variances and sample sizes among the populations sam- pied. Furthermore, a key feature of Ap--and our main motivation for developing it--is that it easily accommodates simultaneous comparisons of any number of traits across any number of populations. To exemplify its utility, we employ Ap to address a ques- tion related to the role of sexual selection in speciation： are sexual signals more divergent than ecological traits in closely related taxa？ Using traits of known function in closely related populations, we show that traits predictive of reproductive performance are indeed, more divergent and more sexually dimorphic than traits related to ecological adaptation [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 426-439 2012].

关键词： Effect size Phenotype divergence Sexual dimorphism Sexual selection Speciation

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Acellular Mineralized Exoskeleton Shrimp (MES): A Natural Source of Bioactive Factors for Tissue Regeneration—Preliminary Results

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2022年第3期10卷 34-43页

作者： Raquel Zita Gomes Rodrigo Valdoleiros e Silva Américo Afonso Maria Helena Fernandes Mário Vasconcelos José Cavalheiro Faculty of dental Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal Private Practice (Raquel Zita dental Clinic) Porto Portugal i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto Porto Portugal INEB—National Institute of Biomedical Engineering Porto Portugal ICBAS—Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of Porto Porto Portugal School of Medicine University of Minho Braga Portugal department of Histology Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Oporto Porto Portugal department of Pharmacology Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Oporto Porto Portugal department of Biomaterials Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Oporto Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering University of Oporto Porto Portugal

Current challenges in the development of scaffolds for bone regeneration include the engineering of biomaterials that can withstand a natural dynamic physiology on the bone that provides a matrix capable of supporting cell migration and tissue ingrowth. The objective of the present work was to develop and characterize a new biomembrane—Mineralized Exoskeleton Shrimp (MES) developed from the exoskeleton of paleomonetes. The integration of MES as a biomaterial for tissue regeneration relies on the growing evidence that the shrimp is characterized by a hierarchically arranged chitin fiber structure, mineralized predominately by calcium carbonate and/or calcium phosphate, bringing beneficial effects in bone regeneration. Additionally, the tridimensional MES structure, can act as a “tent” for Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR). Recently, our team has characterized the MES biomaterial by in vitro (human osteoblastic cellular cultures and immersion of the membrane in modified synthetic plasma) and in vivo (soft tissue in lab mice and hard tissue in rabbit model). The cellular growth in the MES membrane was very exuberant in cellular culture with osteoblastic colonization on its surface (histophilic and biocompatible). After the immersion in modified synthetic plasma for one week, a mass mineralization occurred throughout the membrane’s surface (bioactive). The analysis of histological samples from experimental surgery in lab mice showed that the MES membrane wasn’t toxic to soft tissues and that it caused a moderate inflammatory response (first reabsorption signs at 8 weeks). The MES could act as a cell-guiding template that contains the necessary cues and adequate three-dimensional set to facilitate cell adhesion and promote tissue regeneration upon implantation and subsequent biodegradation.

关键词： Guided Bone Regeneration Biomaterial Biocompatibility Oral Surgery

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肌萎缩侧索硬化蛋白激活小胶质细胞NLRP3炎性体

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神经损伤与功能重建 2022年第1期17卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Vandana deora John d Lee Eduardo AAlbornoz Luke McAlary Cyril J Jagaraj Avril A B Robertson Julie d Atkin Matthew A Cooper Kate Schroder Justin J Yerbury Richard Gordon Trent MWoodruff School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueenslandAustralia University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueenslandAustralia School of Chemistry and Molecular biosciences Faculty of ScienceMedicine and HealthUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Illawarra Health and Medical Institute University of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Biomedical SciencesCentre for MND ResearchMacquarie UniversityNew South WalesAustralia School of Chemistry and Molecular biosciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueenslandAustralia

小胶质细胞NLRP3炎症小体激活正在成为神经退行性变期间神经炎症的关键因素。β-淀粉样蛋白和α-突触核蛋白等致病蛋白的聚集体可触发小胶质细胞NLRP3激活,并导致半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶激活和白介素-1β分泌。半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶和白介素-... 详细信息

小胶质细胞NLRP3炎症小体激活正在成为神经退行性变期间神经炎症的关键因素。β-淀粉样蛋白和α-突触核蛋白等致病蛋白的聚集体可触发小胶质细胞NLRP3激活,并导致半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶激活和白介素-1β分泌。半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶和白介素-1β均促进肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)小鼠SOd1G93A模型的疾病进展,这提示小胶质细胞NLRP3在该进程中起作用。然而,先前的研究表明SOd1G93A模型小鼠的小胶质细胞并不表达NLRP3,并且SOd1G93A蛋白在小胶质细胞中产生白介素-1β不依赖于NLRP3。本研究展示了使用Nlrp3-GFP基因敲入小鼠,在SOd1G93A小鼠中小胶质细胞表达NLRP3。结果表明,聚集和可溶性SOd1G93A均以剂量和时间依赖性方式激活小鼠原代小胶质细胞中的炎性体,导致半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶和白介素-1β裂解、ASC斑点形成和白介素-1β分泌。重要的是,SOd1G93A不能诱导缺乏Nlrp3的小胶质细胞或用特异性NLRP3抑制剂MCC950预处理的小胶质细胞分泌白介素-1β,这证实NLRP3是介导SOd1诱导的小胶质细胞白介素-1β分泌的关键炎性体复合物。在TdP-43Q331K ALS小鼠模型中也观察到小胶质细胞NLRP3上调,并且TdP-43野生型和突变蛋白也能以NLRP3依赖性方式激活小胶质细胞炎症小体。从机制上,本研究确定活性氧簇和ATP的产生是SOd1G93A介导的NLRP3激活所需的关键事件。总之,本研究的数据表明ALS小胶质细胞表达NLRP3,病理性ALS蛋白激活了小胶质细胞NLRP3炎性体。因此,抑制NLRP3可能是阻止小胶质细胞神经炎症和ALS疾病进展的潜在治疗方法。

关键词：白介素-1β 胶质细胞先天免疫运动神经元病

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肌萎缩性侧索硬化蛋白激活小胶质细胞NLRP3炎性小体

引用

神经损伤与功能重建 2020年第9期15卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Vandana deora John d Lee Eduardo AAlbornoz Luke McAlary Cyril J Jagaraj Avril A B Robertson Julie d Atkin Matthew A Cooper Kate Schroder Justin J Yerbury Richard Gordon Trent MWoodruff 杜一星(编译) School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueenslandAustralia University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueenslandAustralia School of Chemistry and Molecular biosciences Faculty of ScienceMedicine and HealthUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew SouthWalesAustralia Illawarra Health and Medical Institute University ofWollongongWollongongNew SouthWalesAustralia Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Biomedical SciencesCentre for MND ResearchMacquarie UniversityNew SouthWalesAustralia School of Chemistry and Molecular biosciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueenslandAustralia 不详

小胶质细胞NLRP3炎性小体激活正在成为神经退行性变过程中神经炎症的关键因素。诸如β-淀粉样蛋白和α-突触核蛋白之类的致病性蛋白质聚集体触发小胶质NLRP3激活,从而导致半胱天冬酶-1激活和IL-1β的分泌。在小鼠肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS... 详细信息

小胶质细胞NLRP3炎性小体激活正在成为神经退行性变过程中神经炎症的关键因素。诸如β-淀粉样蛋白和α-突触核蛋白之类的致病性蛋白质聚集体触发小胶质NLRP3激活,从而导致半胱天冬酶-1激活和IL-1β的分泌。在小鼠肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)的SOd1G93A模型中,半胱天冬酶-1和IL-1β均促进疾病进展,提示小胶质NLRP3在该进程中发挥作用。然而先前的研究表明,SOd1G93A小鼠小胶质细胞不表达NLRP3,SOd1G93A蛋白在小胶质细胞中产生独立于NLRP3的IL-1β。本研究论证了使用Nlrp3-GFP基因敲入小鼠,在SOd1G93A小鼠中小胶质细胞表达NLRP3。本研究显示聚集和可溶性SOd1G93A均可激活小鼠原代小胶质细胞中的炎性小体,导致半胱天冬酶-1和IL-1β裂解,ASC斑点形成以及呈剂量和时间依赖性的IL-1β分泌。重要的是,SOd1G93A无法从缺乏Nlrp3的小胶质细胞或者用特异性NLRP3抑制剂MCC950预处理的小胶质细胞中诱导IL-1β分泌,从而证实NLRP3是介导SOd1诱导的小胶质细胞IL-1β分泌的关键炎症小体复合物。在TdP-43Q331K ALS小鼠模型中也观察到小胶质NLRP3上调,TdP-43野生型和突变蛋白亦可以NLRP3依赖性的方式激活小胶质炎性小体。从机制上讲,本研究确定了活性氧簇和ATP的生成是SOd1G93A介导的NLRP3激活所需的关键事件。总之,本研究的数据表明ALS小胶质细胞表达NLRP3,而病理ALS蛋白激活小胶质NLRP3炎性小体。因此,NLRP3抑制可能是阻止小胶质细胞神经炎症和ALS疾病进展的潜在治疗方法。

关键词：白介素-1β 胶质细胞先天免疫运动神经元病

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