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Recent progress on artificial intelligence-enhanced multimodal sensors integrated devices and systems

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Journal of Semiconductors 2025年第1期46卷 179-192页

作者： Haihua Wang Mingjian Zhou Xiaolong Jia Hualong Wei Zhenjie Hu Wei Li Qiumeng Chen Lei Wang College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Nantong Institute of nanjing university of posts and telecommunications Nantong 226021China

Multimodal sensor fusion can make full use of the advantages of various sensors,make up for the shortcomings of a single sensor,achieve information verification or information security through information redundancy,and improve the reliability and safety of the *** intelligence(AI),referring to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans,represents a pivotal frontier in modern scientific *** the continuous development and promotion of AI technology in Sensor 4.0 age,multimodal sensor fusion is becoming more and more intelligent and automated,and is expected to go further in the *** this context,this review article takes a comprehensive look at the recent progress on AI-enhanced multimodal sensors and their integrated devices and *** on the concept and principle of sensor technologies and AI algorithms,the theoretical underpinnings,technological breakthroughs,and pragmatic applications of AI-enhanced multimodal sensors in various fields such as robotics,healthcare,and environmental monitoring are *** a comparative study of the dual/tri-modal sensors with and without using AI technologies(especially machine learning and deep learning),AI-enhanced multimodal sensors highlight the potential of AI to improve sensor performance,data processing,and decision-making ***,the review analyzes the challenges and opportunities afforded by AI-enhanced multimodal sensors,and offers a prospective outlook on the forthcoming advancements.

关键词： sensor multimodal sensors machine learning deep learning intelligent system

Node ranking based on graph curvature and PageRank

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 496-507页

作者： Hongbo Qu Yu-Rong Song Ruqi Li Min Li Guo-Ping Jiang School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China College of Automation&College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Identifying key nodes in complex networks is crucial for understanding and controlling their dynamics. Traditional centrality measures often fall short in capturing the multifaceted roles of nodes within these networks. The Page Rank algorithm, widely recognized for ranking web pages, offers a more nuanced approach by considering the importance of connected nodes. However, existing methods generally overlook the geometric properties of networks, which can provide additional insights into their structure and functionality. In this paper, we propose a novel method named Curv-Page Rank(C-PR), which integrates network curvature and Page Rank to identify influential nodes in complex networks. By leveraging the geometric insights provided by curvature alongside structural properties, C-PR offers a more comprehensive measure of a node's influence. Our approach is particularly effective in networks with community structures, where it excels at pinpointing bridge nodes critical for maintaining connectivity and facilitating information flow. We validate the effectiveness of C-PR through extensive experiments. The results demonstrate that C-PR outperforms traditional centrality-based and Page Rank methods in identifying critical nodes. Our findings offer fresh insights into the structural importance of nodes across diverse network configurations, highlighting the potential of incorporating geometric properties into network analysis.

关键词： important nodes graph curvature complex networks network geometry

In-situ formation of a new cation renders perovskite solar modules with a record efficiency and long-term stability

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 409-410页

作者： Shanxiao Lin Xixing Wen Xiuwen Xu College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Over the past 14 years,the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has surged from 3.8% to 26.7%[1],establishing it as an unrivaled choice for next-generation ***,maintaining the long-term stability of perovskite solar modules(PSMs)remains a *** particular,the thermal-and light-induced changes in crystal structure,composition,and optoelectronic properties are the primary causes of device degradation,currently considered the Achilles’heel that hinders its commercialization[2–4].Now,writing in Science,Ding et al.[5]achieve a milestone by overcoming the thermal-and light-induced degradation,rendering the PSM with a record efficiency of 23.2% and a T80(time to 20% efficiency loss)over 4,000 h at 85℃ and 85%relative humidity(RH)under light *** key behind this milestone is to utilize the cation reactivity to in-situ form methyl tetrahydrotriazinium([MTTZ]+,a new cation)and dimethylammonium([DMA]+)in precursor solution(Figure 1a).These cations remarkably modulate perovskite crystallization and stabilize the perovskite.

关键词： perovskite stability modules

Antenna Selection Method for Distributed Dual-Function Radar Communication in MIMO System

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 165-175页

作者： Haitao Zhao Zhongzheng Ding Qin Wang Wenchao Xia Bo Xu Hongbo Zhu College of Communication and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications and Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Distributed dual-function radar system is an emerging trend in next-generation wireless systems, offering the possibility of improved parameter estimation for target localization as well as improved communication performance. With sufficient resource allocation, the achievable minimum estimated mean square error(MSE) and maximum total communication rate of localization may exceed the intended performance metrics of the system, which may consume an excessive number of antennas as well as antenna costs. In order to avoid resource wastage, this paper proposes a distributed dual-function radar communication multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) system capable of performing radar and communication tasks simultaneously. The distributed system achieves the desired MSE performance metrics and communication performance metrics by efficiently selecting a subset of antennas, and minimizing the number of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas used in the system as well as the cost. In this paper, the problem is modeled as a knapsack problem where the objective is to obtain the maximal MSE performance and the maximal total communication rate performance at the lowest cost, for which we design a heuristic antenna selection algorithm. The designed algorithm is effective in reducing the time complexity as well as reducing the cost of antenna, and minimizing the number of antennas required.

关键词： Measurement Location awareness Costs Transmitting antennas Receiving antennas Radar Radar antennas MIMO Time complexity Antenna arrays

Manufacture the conducting polymer with light

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 8-9页

作者： Yang Li Tianyu Li Yan Ji Baoguang Liu College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts&TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT),heralded as the“king”of conducting polymers,is esteemed in bioelectronics for its mixed electronic and ionic conductivity,mechanical properties compatible with biological tissues,tunable healing ability and stability in diverse environments^([1]).Based on additive manufacturing of three-dimensional structures,PEDOT realizes the implementation in the efficient production of flexible bioelectronics,the construction of intricate electrode-neural implantations,and the development of smart brain-computer-interfaces^([2]).

关键词： conducting implantation additive

Stability switches mechanism and PID control in reaction-diffusion network-organized neural systems with transmission delays

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 199-215页

作者： Xiangyu DU Min XIAO Wenwu YU Jiajin HE College of Automation&College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China College of Mathematics Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

Traditionally,the spatiotemporal dynamics of neural networks have been analyzed in the locally continuous *** this modeling approach is straightforward and practical,it fails to encapsulate real-world networks’intricate topological structures and ***,the mechanisms of stability switches induced by time delays and diffusion effects in networkorganized systems are still ***,effective dynamic optimization strategies for network-organized models remain to be *** this study,we develop a delayed reaction-diffusion neural network model on complex *** system incorporates the effects of inter-nodal diffusion coupling and exhibits profound architectural *** then pioneer the proportional-integral-derivative(PID)feedback control into the network-organized model to modulate dynamic *** linear stability analysis is conducted firstly,demonstrating that Turing patterns and Hopf bifurcation can be induced in the controlled neural network by varying diffusion coefficients and time ***,the bifurcation direction is deduced via the center manifold ***,a series of simulations are performed to validate the theoretical analysis and substantiate the efficacy of the PID control *** results exhibit that the PID feedback controller can flexibly regulate the dynamics of the network-organized systems and possesses excellent disturbance rejection capabilities.

关键词： complex network neural networks PID control turing instability hopf bifurcation time delays turing pattern

Passive-state preparation for quantum secure direct communication

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第04期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 39-48页

作者： Jia-Wei Ying Jin-Yu Wang Yu-Xiang Xiao Shi-Pu Gu Xing-Fu Wang Wei Zhong Ming-Ming Du Xi-Yun Li Shu-Ting Shen An-Lei Zhang Lan Zhou Yu-Bo Sheng College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Quantum Information and Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications College of Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Quantum secure direct communication （QSDC） can transmit the secret message ***-photon-based QSDC protocol requires the active modulation of the quantum state of the source,potentially introducing various side-channel *** this paper,we propose a passive-state preparation QSDC *** utilizing a passive-state preparation method,we remove the need for active modulation,thus eliminating the side-channel risks associated with the source *** evaluate the performance of the protocol,we develop a system model and improve the decoy state *** parameter optimization,we identify the optimal secrecy message capacity for various communication distances and compare it with active modulation *** a communication distance of 10 （15） km,the secrecy message capacity of passive-state preparation QSDC reaches3.894×10-4(3.715×10-5) bit/pulse,achieving 95.3%（91.5%） of the active case’s ***,we consider the resource consumption and optimize the secrecy message transmission rate of passive-state preparation *** a coherent light source with a frequency of 10～6Hz,at communication distances of 5,10,and 15 km,the secrecy message transmission rates for passive-state preparation QSDC reach 2.370×10～2,4.218×10,and 2.504 bit/s,respectively.

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Research on Low-Frequency Multi-Directional Piezoelectric Energy Harvester with Combined Cantilever Beam

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 156-164页

作者： Qingying Ren Yuxuan Liu Debo Wang College of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

In order to realize the collection and utilization of low-frequency vibration energy, a multi-directional piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed, which consists of a lower circular arc beam and an upper L-shaped *** the lower and upper beams can achieve multi-directional energy harvesting, and the upper L-shaped beam can also act as a mass block to reduce the resonant frequency. The structure of this energy harvester is optimized. Four different structures are studied with varying combination angles between the upper and lower layers to acquire data related to resonant frequency, vibration shape, stress distribution, open-circuit voltage, and output power. Additionally, the performance of each structure is comprehensively prepared and measured to verify its effectiveness. The optimal structure achieved a resonant frequency of 11 Hz and an output power of 57.1 μW at the optimal load resistance of 201 kΩ. Consequently, this work provides valuable reference for the study of low-frequency vibration energy harvesting technology.

关键词： Vibrations Resistance Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Shape Resonant frequency Structural beams Energy harvesting Power generation Stress

PS-CoT-Adapter: adapting plan-and-solve chain-of-thought for ScienceQA

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 392-393页

作者： Qun LI Haixin SUN Fu XIAO Yiming WANG Xinping GAO Bir BHANU School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple Mountain Laboratories Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Riverside

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) *** further explore LLMs'reasoning abilities in solving complex problems,recent research [1-3]has investigated chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in complex multimodal scenarios,such as science question answering (ScienceQA) tasks [4],by fine-tuning multimodal models through human-annotated CoT ***,collected CoT rationales often miss the necessary rea-soning steps and specific expertise.

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