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Non-climate environmental factors matter to Holocene dynamics of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in an alpine permafrost wetland,Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第2期14卷 213-225页

作者： Qing-Feng WANG Hui-Jun JIN Cui-Cui MU Xiao-Dong WU Lin ZHAO Qing-Bai WU State Key Laboratory of Frozen soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Civil Engineering Northeast China Observatory and Research Station of Permafrost Geo-Environment(Ministry of Education)Institute of ColdRegions Engineering and EnvironmentNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesObservation and Research Station on Eco-Environment of Frozen Ground in the Qilian MountainsLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Cryosphere Research station on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Studies on the responses of soil organic carbon(SOC)and nitrogen dynamics to Holocene climate and environment in permafrost peatlands and/or wetlands might serve as analogues for future scenarios,and they can help predict the fate of the frozen SOC and nitrogen under a warming *** date,little is known about these issues on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau(QTP).Here,we investigated the accumulations of SOC and nitrogen in a permafrost wetland on the northeastern QTP,and analyzed their links with Holocene climatic and environmental *** order to do so,we studied grain size,soil organic matter,SOC,and nitrogen contents,bulk density,geochemical parameters,and the accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS)^(14)C dating of the 216-cm-deep wetland *** and nitrogen contents revealed a general uptrend over last 7300 *** stocks for depths of 0-100 and 0-200 cm were 50.1 and 79.0 kgC m^(-2),respectively,and nitrogen stocks for the same depths were 4.3 and 6.6 kgN m^(-2),***,a cooling and drying trend for regional climate over last 7300 years was inferred from the declining chemical weathering and humidity ***,SOC and nitrogen accumulated rapidly in 1110e720 BP,while apparent accumulation rates of SOC and nitrogen were much lower during the other periods of the last 7300 ***,we proposed a probable conceptual framework for the concordant development of syngenetic permafrost and SOC and nitrogen accumulations in alpine permafrost *** indicates that,apart from controls of climate,non-climate environmental factors,such as dust deposition and site hydrology,matter to SOC and nitrogen accumulations in permafrost *** emphasized that environmental changes driven by climate change have important impacts on SOC and nitrogen accumulations in alpine permafrost *** study could provide data support for regional and global estimates of SOC and nitrogen pools and for global models on carbon‒climate interactions

关键词： Syngenetic permafrost in alpine wetland soil organic carbon pool Nitrogen accumulation Chemical weathering Dust deposition Holocene

Resistance of Major Rice Cultivars in Hangzhou Area of China against Southern Rice Black-streaked Dwarf Virus

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2013年第1期4卷 36-38页

作者： Wang Guodi Hong Wenying Wang Yanxin Wang Daoze Chen Rui Shao Meihong Zhao Shuaifeng Hangzhou General station of Plant Protection and soil-fertilizer Jiande Plant Protection station

Resistance of 17 major rice cultivars in Hangzhou region of China against southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus was tested in the paper. The results showed that the incidence rate of southern rice black-streWed dwarf virus had certain positive correlation with quantity of white-backed planthopper （Sogatellafurci-fera） and resistance among various cultivars was significant. Two varieties, Yueyou 9113 and Tianyouhuazhan, were most susceptible ; Yongyou 8, Jiayou 2 and Xi-ushui 134 had best resistance and could be used as disease-resistant varieties to prevent the disease.

关键词： Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus White-backed planthopper Disease resistance

Low N apparent surplus with higher rice yield under long-term fertilizer postponing in the rice-wheat cropping system

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1178-1186页

作者： Yan Zhou Lei Xu Jianwei Zhang Weiwei Li Yu Jiang Songhan Wang Yanfeng Ding Zhenghui Liu Ganghua Li National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Scientific Observing and Experimental station of Arable Land Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina/Institute of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

Nitrogen(N)fertilization increases rice yield,but inappropriate N fertilizer application increases N loss and the risk of environmental ***-term fertilizer postponing(FP)generally reduces N apparent surplus and increases rice yields,but the effects of long-term FP on N surplus and rice yields remain *** study was the first to investigate the impacts of long-term FP(11 years)on N apparent surplus and rice *** effects in the short term(≤6 years)did not affect rice yields,whereas FP effects in the long term(>6 years)increased rice yields by 13.9%compared with conventional fertilization(CF).FP did not affect panicles per unit area,1000-kernel weight,and filled-kernel rate,but spikelets per panicle increased over time due to spikelet formation *** also reduced the N apparent surplus over time more strongly than CF owing to higher N accumulation and N utilization *** effects in the long term also significantly increased soil organic matter,total N,and NH4_(+)^(-)N *** results were supported by a pot experiment,showing that rice yields in soils with a history of FP were significantly higher than those for soils without a history of FP,indicating that FP increased rice yields more strongly in later years mainly because of soil quality *** findings suggest that longterm FP can reduce N loss while increasing rice yields by improving soil quality.

关键词： fertilizer postponing N apparent surplus Rice yield Spikelets per panicle Rice-wheat cropping systems

Screening Rice Germplasm with Different Genetic Backgrounds for Cadmium Accumulation in Brown Rice in Cadmium-Polluted soils

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Rice science 2023年第4期30卷 267-270页

作者： ZHANG Weixing GUAN Meiyan WANG Jie WANG Yulei ZHANG Weigui LU Xinzhe XU Ping CHEN Mingxue ZHU Youwei Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Zhejiang Main station of Cultivated Land Quality and fertilizer Management Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310020China Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey Hangzhou 311200China

To screen rice germplasm with different genetic backgrounds for cadmium(Cd)accumulation in brown rice from common cultivated rice,we monitored grain Cd concentrations and characterized their patterns of 54 main varieties planted at two sites[Fuyang(FY)and Changshan(CS)in Zhejiang Province,China]with both low and high Cd-polluted *** found most varieties got higher Cd levels than 0.2 mg/kg in the Cd-polluted soil with the normal agronomic management,which suggested high risk of Cd exposure from the two *** Cd accumulation pattern was found in hybrid rice,but it differed between ***,varieties with the same female or male parent may have different Cd accumulation capacities,meaning that the environment factors should be considered to screen low-Cd-accumulation varieties.

关键词： planted soil cultivated

Periphytic biofilms-mediated microbial interactions and their impact on the nitrogen cycle in rice paddies

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第3期1卷 172-180页

作者： Zhihao Chen Jan Dolfing Shunyao Zhuang Yonghong Wu State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Faculty of Energy and Environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE18QHUK

Rice paddies are unique waterlogged wetlands artificially constructed for agricultural *** biofilms(PBs)at the soil–water interface play an important role in rice paddies characterized by high nutrient input but low utilization *** are composed of microbial aggregates,including a wide variety of microorganisms(algae,bacteria,fungi,protozoa,and metazoa),extracellular polymeric substances and minerals(iron,aluminum,and calcium),which form an integrated food web and energy flux within a relatively stable *** are crucial to regulate and streamline the nitrogen cycle by neutralizing nitrogen losses and improving rice production since PBs can serve as both a sink by capturing surplus nitrogen and a source by slowly re-releasing this nitrogen for *** the ecological advantages of PBs in regulating the nitrogen cycle in rice paddies are *** summarize the key functional importance of PBs,including the intricate and delicate community structure,microbial interactions among individual phylotypes,a wide diversity of selfproduced organics,the active adaptation of PBs to constantly changing environments,and the intricate mechanisms by which PBs regulate the nitrogen *** also identify the future challenges of microbial interspecific cooperation in PBs and their quantitative contributions to agricultural sustainability,optimizing nitrogen utilization and crop yields in rice paddies.

关键词： Periphytic biofilms Microbial aggregates Regulation Nitrogen cycle

Hydrological Problem during Urbanization Process

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2013年第11期4卷 16-21页

作者： Nanzhu Li Junzhong Wang Tianyou Yuan School of Economics Henan University The soil and fertilizer station Henan Agriculture Department

With the rapid economic and social development, China is in rapid development period of urbanization now. Urbanization is an inevitable trend of mankind development, and is also a necessary stage of a country moving toward modernization. The rapid development of urbanization has a major impact on urban hydrology. Urban hydrologic environment, hydrologic element, water resources and water quality were discussed in the pa- per. Based on the analysis of urban hydrological effect, from the angles of subject development and application, corresponding countermeasures and outlook of the urban hydrology problem were put forward. The research can provide support for reasonably planning and designing urban flood control and drainage systems to promote urban environment-friendly development, having certain practical significance.

关键词： Urbanization Urban hydrology Hydrologic effect Urban water resources China

Sustainable Nutrient Management in Chinese Agriculture: Challenges and Perspective

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Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 253-263页

作者： GAO Chao SUN Bo ZHANG Tao-Lin Department of Geography Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 （China）. Institute of soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 2100（78 （China）

China has to raise agricultural productivity in its limited and shrinking farmland to guarantee food security for its huge and ever-growing population. Sustainable soil nutrient management is of paramount importance to the world's most populous country. Critical challenges the country is facing in sustaining soil fertility and in alleviating the hazardous impact of intensive fertilizer use are discussed in this paper. It is emphatically pointed out that national strategies as well as area-specific action plans with respect to scientific nutrient management are urgently needed to balance productivity and sustainability in the future. Relevant proposals for addressing those challenges are also presented.

关键词：中国食品安全营养管理土壤肥力水质农业发展

Unraveling natural aging-induced properties change of sludge-derived hydrochar and enhanced cadmium sorption site heterogeneity

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 615-634页

作者： Bingyu Wang Cenyao Shang Huifang Xie Haijun Sun Qiang Zhang Lihong Xue Filip M.G.Tack Deyi Hou Yanfang Feng Jörg Rinklebe Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural EnvironmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Green Chemistry and Technology Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute of Foundation EngineeringWaterand Waste-ManagementLaboratory of Soiland Groundwater-ManagementUniversity of WuppertalPauluskirchstraße 742285 WuppertalGermany

Hydrochar has potential applications in soil improvement and heavy metal *** would undergo the process of aging when introduced into the soil,altering its ***,recent studies have focused mainly on the artificial aging of hydrochar,which could not reveal the cumulative effect of multiple environmental ***,the periodical monitoring of the property and sorption behavior of hydrochar after amending soils is necessary to better understand the multifaceted mechanisms associated with the natural aging of *** study selected the sludge-derived hydrochar(SLHC)as a typical hydrochar and applied a 16-month rice-wheat-rice rotation to mimic the natural aging of hydrochar,focusing on changing properties and cadmium(Cd)sorption and literature contrast between aging strategies and biochar *** porosity,O abundance,and ash content of 16-month aged SLHC increased by 37%,47%,and 8.5%,respectively,facilitating Cd sorption due to surface complexation,pore sorption,and *** sorption percentage of Cd to SLHC was in the range of 11-14%for SLHC-A0 and increased to 17-31%for SLHC-A4 and 20-32%for SLHC-A16 after natural *** natural aging of SLHC induced by ash content played an essential role in Cd sorption site *** regression analysis showed that aging strategies on sorption behavior significantly differed between ***,studies involving natural aging with multiple environmental factors are preferred over those involving chemical or biological *** studies should continue to explore the mechanisms of natural aging-induced heavy metal sorption between hydrochar and *** results improve insights to appraise the potential of SLHC as soil amendments to alleviate the adverse effects of heavy metal contamination and provide an essential basis for researchers and staff in soil management and environmental prevention.

关键词： Sludge-derived hydrochar Hydrothermal carbonization Natural aging Physicochemical properties Sorption behavior Cadmium

Equilibrium of Organic Matter in Heavy Fraction for Three Long-term Experimental Field soils in China

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Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 177-184页

作者： YIN Yun-Feng CAI Zu-Cong State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China）.

Considerable evidence that the soil organic matter (OM) level in agricultural soils will gradually over time reach an equilibrium state under certain bioclimatic conditions and for certain cropping systems has been accumulating. Although models or long-term experiments have been used, this research used physical fractionation procedure to attain an soil OM equilibrium value. To obtain soil OM equilibrium values in the heavy fraction, typical soils from three long-term field experiments at Fengqiu and Yingtan State Key Agro-Ecological Experimental stations in China were studied using a simple density fractionation procedure and employing the Langmuir equation. Results for the fluvo-aquic soil with organic fertilizer treatments indicated that the soil OM equilibrium value in the heavy fraction was twofold more than that in the inorganic treatments; however, for the paddy soil developed on red soil the OM equilibrium value in the heavy fraction for both treatments was almost identical. It suggested that for fluvo-aquic soils the increased potential of OM for the heavy fraction in the long run was larger for the organic than the inorganic fertilizer applications, whereas for paddy soils developed on red soils under the same conditions the present OM content in the heavy fraction was at or close to this equilibrium level for all treatments, and increased potential was very limited.

关键词：土壤平衡方程总有机物朗缪尔方程粒径