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A class of higher order inverse spectral problems

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Ai Wei GUAN Chuan Fu YANG Natalia P.BONDARENKO Department of mathematics School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Science and Technology S.M. Nikolskii Mathematical Institute Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Moscow center of Fundamental and applied mathematics Lomonosov Moscow State University

In this paper, we consider the recovery of third-order differential operators from two spectra, as well as fourth-order or fifth-order differential operators from three spectra, where these differential operators are endowed with complex-valued distributional coefficients. For the case of multiple spectra, we first establish the relationship between spectra and the Weyl-Yurko matrix. Secondly, we prove the uniqueness theorem for the solution of the inverse problems. Our approach allows us to obtain results for the general case of complex-valued distributional coefficients.

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Computing large deviation prefactors of stochastic dynamical systems based on machine learning

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 364-373页

作者：李扬袁胜兰陆凌宏志刘先斌 School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of mathematics School of SciencesGreat Bay UniversityDongguan 523000China center for Mathematical Sciences Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures College of Aerospace EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

We present a large deviation theory that characterizes the exponential estimate for rare events in stochastic dynamical systems in the limit of weak *** aim to consider a next-to-leading-order approximation for more accurate calculation of the mean exit time by computing large deviation prefactors with the aid of machine *** specifically,we design a neural network framework to compute quasipotential,most probable paths and prefactors based on the orthogonal decomposition of a vector *** corroborate the higher effectiveness and accuracy of our algorithm with two toy *** experiments demonstrate its powerful functionality in exploring the internal mechanism of rare events triggered by weak random fluctuations.

关键词： machine learning large deviation prefactors stochastic dynamical systems rare events

C_(60) as a metal-free catalyst for lithium-oxygen batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3982-3987页

作者： Xinxin Zhang Jiaming Tian Yu Wang Shaohua Guo Yafei Li Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Engineering and applied Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresFrontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Carbon materials have shown significant potential as catalysts for lithium-oxygen batteries(LOBs).However,the intrinsic carbon sites are typically inert,necessitating extensive modifications and resulting in a limited density of active *** we present C_(60) as a metal-free cathode catalyst for LOBs,using density functional theory calculations and experimental *** lithiation reactions on the pristine carbon sites of C_(60) are energetically favorable due to its curvedπ-conjugation over the pentagon-hexagon *** kinetic analysis specifically reveals low energy barriers for Li_(2)O_(2) decomposition and Li diffusion on C_(60).Consequently,C_(60) exhibits significantly higher catalytic activity than typical carbon materials such as graphene and carbon *** electrochemical measurements validate the predictions,notably demonstrating that the intrinsic activity of C_(60) is comparable to that of noble metals.

关键词： lithium-oxygen batteries C_(60) density functional theory(DFT)calculations metal-free cathode

α-decay properties of superheavy nuclei with 117 ≤ Z ≤ 120 from the systematics of decay chains and isotopic chains

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 118-125页

作者：万涛唐树林钱以斌 Department of applied Physics and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Recently, the synthesis of new elements above Z = 118 has been a hot topic in nuclear physics. Meanwhile, the α-decay chain is expected to be the unique tool to identify these heaviest nuclei. We have systematically calculated the α-decay energies and half-lives on the same footing for superheavy nuclei (SHN) within the cluster model along with a slightly modified Woods-Saxon (W.S.) potential as the nuclear potential. Based on the available experimental data, the key radius parameter (R) in the α-core potential is determined via the systematic trend from the α-decay and isotopic chains. The α-decay energy (Qα) values and half-lives are then obtained simultaneously for those unknown SHN in the range of 117 ≤ Z ≤ 120, during which the decay width is obtained using a new treatment for the asymptotic behavior of the α-core wave function. The theoretical values and experimental data are found to be in excellent agreement for the nuclei ^(293,294)117 and ^(294)118 regardless of the method used to determine the R parameter. Predicting the α-decay chains for new elements Z = 119 and Z = 120 can be useful in ongoing or forthcoming experiments.

关键词： superheavy nuclei αdecay decay chains isotopic chains

Point defects in 2-D liquid crystals with a singular potential: Profiles and stability

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Science China mathematics 2024年

作者： Zhiyuan Geng Wei Wang Basque center for applied mathematics School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang University

We study radial symmetric point defects with degreek2in the 2-D disk or R2in the Q-tensor framework with a singular bulk energy, which is defined by Bingham closure. First, we obtain the existence of solutions for the profiles of radial symmetric point defects with degreek2in the 2-D disk or R2. Then, we prove that the solution is stable for |k| = 1 and unstable for |k| > 1. Some identities are derived and utilized throughout the proof of existence and stability/instability.

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Oral pyroptosis nanoinhibitor for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1748-1759页

作者： Zhenxing Zhu Dongtao Zhou Yi Yin Zhun Li Zhen Guo Yongchun Pan Yanfeng Gao Jingjing Yang Weiming Zhu Yujun Song Yi Li Department of General Surgery Affiliated Jinling HospitalMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China College of Engineering and applied Sciences State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of General Surgery Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Medicine&Holistic Integrative MedicineJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources IndustrializationNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an autoimmune gastrointestinal disease characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation of the *** pyroptosis that exists in the inflamed intestine can activate damage signals and aggravate local inflammation in ***,we designed an oral pyroptosis nanoinhibitor,DXMS@CuM@PPADT@PSS(DCMP),which can target intestinal lesions,and respond to reactive oxygen species(ROS)to release active sites and drugs at the *** can inhibit the activation of the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasomes by scavenging ROS,resulting in the down-regulation of gasdermin D(GSDMD)cleavage thus inhibiting *** also improved intestinal barrier function,decreased inflammatory cytokine levels,and increased the diversity of gut microbiota in mice with *** work is believed to expand the biomedical application of nanomaterials for innate immunity modulation.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease nanoinhibitors pyroptosis synergistic therapy antioxidant

Highly Thermoconductive,Strong Graphene‑Based Composite Films by Eliminating Nanosheets Wrinkles

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 328-340页

作者： Guang Xiao Hao Li Zhizhou Yu Haoting Niu Yagang Yao College of Engineering and applied Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materialsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China Institute of Laser Manufacturing Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450052People’s Republic of China center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science School of Physics and TechnologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China

Graphene-based thermally conductive composites have been proposed as effective thermal management materials for cooling high-power electronic ***,when flexible graphene nanosheets are assembled into macroscopic thermally conductive composites,capillary forces induce shrinkage of graphene nanosheets to form wrinkles during solution-based spontaneous drying,which greatly reduces the thermal conductivity of the ***,graphene nanosheets/aramid nanofiber(GNS/ANF)composite films with high thermal conductivity were prepared by in-plane stretching of GNS/ANF composite hydrogel networks with hydrogen bonds andπ-π*** in-plane mechanical stretching eliminates graphene nanosheets wrinkles by suppressing inward shrinkage due to capillary forces during drying and achieves a high in-plane orientation of graphene nanosheets,thereby creating a fast in-plane heat transfer *** composite films(GNS/ANF-60 wt%)with eliminated graphene nanosheets wrinkles showed a significant increase in thermal conductivity(146 W m^(−1)K^(−1))and tensile strength(207 MPa).The combination of these excellent properties enables the GNS/ANF composite films to be effectively used for cooling flexible LED chips and smartphones,showing promising applications in the thermal management of high-power electronic devices.

关键词： Graphene Aramid nanofiber Wrinkles elimination In-plane stretching Thermal conductivity

Liquid-metal microgrid stretchable electronics based on bionic leaf veins with ultra-stretchability and high conductivity

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2747-2757页

作者： Xi-Di Sun Jun-Yang An Yi-Qi Sun Xin Guo Jing Wu Jiang-Bo Hua Meng-Rui Su Yi Shi Li-Jia Pan Collaborative Innovation center of Advanced Microstructures School of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Stretchable electronics that monitor joint activity and treat diseases based on liquid metal could be used in the development of healthcare *** devices can be seamlessly integrated with human ***,most high-precision microstructures and complex patterns are difficult to fabricate due to the limitations of conventional fabrication solutions,resulting in suboptimal performance under practical ***,a liquid-metal stretchable system utilizing natural leaf veins was reported as microstructures,which was based on a biomimetic concept and utilized an all-solution process for the preparation of complex *** systems are ultra-high tensile(800%tensile strain),environmentally stable(20 days)and mechanically durable(300-cycle).The system can accurately recognize the wearer's finger bending level as well as simple gesture *** the same time,the system acts as a wearable heater,which can realize the fast heating behavior of heating up to 50℃in 3 min under the human body-safe voltage(1.5 V).The tensile stability is demonstrated by the heterogeneous integration of lasers(405 nm)with the system interconnects for a stretchable and wearable light source.

关键词： Stretchable electronics Liquid metal Stretchable conductor Vein Bionicist electronics

Cauchy matrix approach to three non-isospectral nonlinear Schr?dinger equations

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第5期 3-17页

作者： Alemu Yilma Tefera Shangshuai Li Da-jun Zhang Department of mathematics Shanghai University Newtouch center for mathematics of Shanghai University Department of applied mathematics Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University

This paper aims to develop a direct approach, namely, the Cauchy matrix approach, to non-isospectral integrable systems. In the Cauchy matrix approach, the Sylvester equation plays a central role, which defines a dressed Cauchy matrix to provide τ functions for the investigated equations. In this paper, using the Cauchy matrix approach, we derive three non-isospectral nonlinear Schr?dinger equations and their explicit solutions. These equations are generically related to the time-dependent spectral parameter in the Zakharov–Shabat–Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur spectral problem. Their solutions are obtained from the solutions of unreduced non-isospectral nonlinear Schr?dinger equations through complex reduction. These solutions are analyzed and illustrated to show the non-isospectral effects in dynamics of solitons.

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