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Asian Agricultural Research 2018年第11期10卷 23-30,42页

作者： Fengyuan LI Changjia PENG Jun LUO Jiawei DU Ying GAO Ning LU nanchong Agricultural Information Service station Nanchong 637000 China nanchong Office of National Modern Agriculture Management Committee Nanchong 637000 China Plant Protection and Quarantine station of nanchong City Nanchong 637000 China nanchong City Sericulture Management station Nanchong 637000 China

Industrial clusters have an obvious role in promoting regional economic development and can enhance region core *** order to rapidly promote the economic development of nanchong,from the aspects of agricultural resources,brand advantages,modern agricultural demonstration zones,deep processing of agricultural products and cold chain logistics,the development status of modern agricultural industrial clusters of 100 billion output in nanchong City is summarized in this article. For existing problems,resolution strategies are proposed from the aspects of focuses,work paths and safeguards.

关键词：产业集群区域经济发展现状经济发展

Effects of three types of soil amendments on yield and soil nitrogen balance of maize–wheat rotation system in the Hetao Irrigation Area, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第6期11卷 904-915页

作者： WU Yan LI Fei ZHENG Haichun HONG Mei HU Yuncai ZHAO Bayinnamula DE Haishan College of Grassland Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of soil Quality and Nutrient Resources Hohhot 010018China soil and fertilizer station of Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010011China Department of Plant Sciences Technische Universität MünchenEmil-Ramann-Str.2D-85350 Freising-WeihenstephanGermany

Excessive fertilization combined with unreasonable irrigation in farmland of the Hetao Irrigation Area(HIR), China, has resulted in a large amount of nitrogen(N) losses and agricultural non-point source *** of soil amendments has become one of the important strategies for reducing N losses of ***, there is still no systematic study on the effects of various soil amendments on N losses in the *** this study, three types of soil amendments(biochar, bentonite and polyacrylamide) were applied in a maize–wheat rotation system in the HIR during 2015–*** of maize and wheat, soil NH3 volatilization, N2O emission and NO3– leaching were determined and soil N balance was *** results showed that applications of biochar, bentonite and polyacrylamide significantly increased yields of maize by 9.2%, 14.3% and 13.3%, respectively, and wheat by 9.2%, 16.6% and 12.3%, respectively, compared with the control(fertilization alone).Applications of biochar, bentonite and polyacrylamide significantly reduced soil N leaching by 23.1%, 35.5% and 27.1%, soil NH3-N volatilization by 34.8%, 52.7% and 37.8%, and soil N surplus by 23.9%, 37.4% and 30.6%, *** of bentonite and polyacrylamide significantly reduced N2O-N emissions from soil by 37.3% and 35.8%, respectively, compared with the *** with application of biochar, applications of bentonite and polyacrylamide increased yields of maize and wheat by 5.1% and 3.5%, *** results suggest that soil amendments(bentonite and polyacrylamide) can play important roles in reducing N losses and increasing yield for the maize–wheat rotation system in the HIR, China.

关键词： biochar bentonite polyacrylamide maize nitrogen loss nitrogen balance wheat

Occurrence Regularity and Prediction Model of Underground Pest Adults in Hangzhou District of China

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2013年第1期4卷 1-6,27页

作者： Wang Daoze Hong Wenying Wu Yanjun Wang Aijuan Wei Jiqian Hangzhou General station of Plant Protection and soil fertilizer Agro-ecological Environment & Crop Protection Administrative General station of Yuhang District

To improve forecasting and sustained control level of underground pests, trapping quantity of underground pests （black cutworm,mole cricket and scar-ab） by lamps and their field dynamics in Hangzhou district from 2005 to 2011 were investigated in the paper. The results showed that different pests had obvious differences in population dynamic. The black cutworm （Agrotis ypsilon） had several damage peaks （late May, late June and late July） and the moth amount in early period was relatively high. The mole cricket （ Gryllotalpa africana） had two damage peaks （late May to early July, early September to mid and late October）. The scarab （Anomala corpulenta） had one damage peak （late May to late June）. There were periodic changes in total quantity of underground pests among years, and the peak period appeared in the year of 2005, 2007 to 2009 and 2011, respectively. On this basis, temperature, humidity, rainfall and light were used as forecas- ting factors, using the method of stepwise regression, 19 factors with significant correlation were screened out and prediction models for occurrence quantity and oc- currence period of the three pests were established. By using accuracy degree judge model for verification, the score values of prediction model for occurrence quan-tity and occurrence period of the three underground pests were more than 58 and 70, which indicated that the historical coincident rate and prediction accuracy of estabhshed prediction models were good.

关键词： Hangzhou district Underground pests Population dynamic Occurrence regularity Prediction model

Residue recycling options and their implications for sustainable nitrogen management in rice-wheat agroecosystems

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 733-751页

作者： Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj Kapil Malik Manu Rani Uttam Kumar Mandal Nirmalendu Basak Awtar Singh Rajender Kumar Yadav Suresh Kumar Chaudhari Dinesh Kumar Sharma Central soil Salinity Research Institute Kachhwa RoadKarnal 132001HaryanaIndia Central soil Salinity Research Institute Regional Research StationCanning Town 743329West BengalIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research New Delhi 110012DelhiIndia Central soil Salinity Research Institute Regional Research StationLucknow 226005Uttar PradeshIndia

Background In the Indo-Gangetic Plain,rice-wheat is the most extensively practiced crop *** escalating issue of crop residue burning,particularly rice straw,and the necessity to lower the exorbitant expenses associated with fertilizer inputs stand out as significant challenges for farmers in the region.A well-suited integrated nutrient management(INM)strategy that focuses on recycling crop residues can serve as a solution to address these *** a strategy not only mitigates air pollution resulting from residue burning but also helps combat water pollution due to nitrate losses from *** experiments were used to evaluate the suitability of eight INM-modules that included various combinations of inorganic fertilizer rates(50%,100%,150%of recommended dose),crop residues(wheat and rice stubble retention at 30 cm standing stubble equivalent to 1/3 the straw yield),rice straw compost(RSC),farmyard manure(FYM),and green manuring(GM),compared to 100%recommended dose of fertilizers(F)and no fertilizer *** There was a considerable improvement in nitrogen mineralization,grain yields,and nitrogen use efficiency under GM+RSC-F50 and GM+*** INM modules would permit a 50%reduction in the use of chemical *** was a little yield penalty with in situ rice residue incorporation at 100%F;however,this could be overcome with 150%F fertilizer *** situ retention of wheat straw with a full application of fertilizer resulted in steadily rising crop yields over *** in the redox potential,soil pH,and soil organic carbon best accounted for the observed trajectories in nitrogen use *** The most promising INM modules for adoption by farmers in the Indo-Gangetic Plain to judiciously use crop residues and curtail chemical fertilizer inputs are green manuring with Sesbania aculeata+rice straw compost at 5 t ha^(−1)+only 50%of recommended dose of fertilizers(GM+RSC-F50),and green manuring with

关键词： Rice–wheat Nitrogen use efficiency Sustainable nitrogen management index Crop residue Rice straw compost

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Nutritional quality of different potassium efficiency types of vegetable soybean as affected by potassium nutrition

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第2期6卷 214-224页

作者： Changkai Liu Xue Wang Heng Chen Houyu Xia Bingjie Tu Yansheng Li Qiuying Zhang Xiaobing Liu Key Laboratory of Mllisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbinChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeiingChina Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesHarbinChina Mollisols Protection and Monitoring Center Jilin Soil and Fertilizer StationJilinChina

Pot experiments were conducted in 2017,2019,and 2020 to examine the effects of potassium nutrition on the nutritional components of vege-table soybeans with different K efficiency at immature and mature *** vegetable soybean varieties with higher K efficiency and two varieties with lower K efficiency were studied in the low available K soil under the conditions of no K and normal K *** results indicated that almost all nutritional components in vegetable soybean were affected by K,genotypes,interannual differences,and their *** general,no K fertilization increased protein and amino acid concentrations but decreased oil,soluble sugar,sucrose,K,Mg,and Fe concentrations in immature and mature vegetable *** sensitivity of nutritional components to K nutrition differed among *** instance,K high-efficiency varieties generally exhibited higher protein and amino acid concentrations without K application.K high-efficiency vegetable soybeans are low-K tolerance varieties to *** results of this study provide insights for high yield and quality vegetable soybean breeding against soil K deficiency.

关键词： Vegetable soybean amino acids isflavones sucrose potassium nutritional quality

Effects of Organic fertilizer on Fruit Quality and Acidified soil Chemical Properties in Yantai Orchard

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2016年第5期17卷 1145-1148,1165页

作者： Yao SUN Yiming WANG Peiping ZHANG soil and fertilizer station Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center College of Agriculture Hainan University

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the improving effect of organic fertilizer on acidified soil as well as their effects on fruit quality and quantity in Yantai orchard.[Method] Plot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer on fruit yield and quality of Red Fuji and chemical properties of acidified soil.[Result] The apple yield in acidified soil applied with organic fertilizer all *** the application of biological organic fertilizer,the apple yield was higher,and it was 8.92% higher than that in the control *** the mixed application of chemical fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer,the growth and development of apple trees were improved,and the total soluble solid(TSS) content,vitamin C(Vc) content and TSS-acid ratio in mature apples all *** application of organic fertilizer significantly reduced soil *** with those in the control group,the soil p H value,organic matter content and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content under the application of biological organic fertilizer were increased by 8.33%,15.10% and 30.80%,respectively.[Conclusion] The application of biological organic fertilizer could improve the yield of apple in acidified soil.

关键词： Biological organic fertilizer Acidity Improvement

Study of Dynamics of Floodwater Nitrogen and Regulation of Its Runoff Loss in Paddy Field-Based Two-Cropping Rice with Urea and Controlled Release Nitrogen fertilizer Application

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第2期6卷 189-199页

作者： JI Xiong-hui ZHENG Sheng-xian LUYan-hong LIAO Yu-lin Hunan Provincial soil ＆ fertilizer Institute Changsha 410125 P.R.China Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 P.R.China Key Field Monitoring Experimental station for Reddish Paddy soil Eco-Environment in Wangcheng Ministry of Agriculture Changsha 410125 P.R.China

The article deals with the effects of urea and controlled release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF） on dynamics of pH, electronic conductivity （EC）, total nitrogen （TN）, NH4^＋-N and NO3 -N in floodwater, and the regulation of runoff TN loss from paddy field-based two-cropping rice in Dongting Lake, China, and probes the best fertilization management for controlling N loss. Studies were conducted through modeling alluvial sandy loamy paddy soil （ASP） and purple calcareous clayey paddy soil （PCP） using lysimeter, following the sequence of the soil profiles identified by investigating soil profile. After application of urea in paddy field-based two-cropping rice, TN and NHa＋-N concentrations in floodwater reached peak on the 1st and the 3rd day, respectively, and then decreased rapidly over time; all the floodwater NO3--N concentrations were very low; the pH of floodwater gradually rose in case of early rice within 15 d （late rice within 3 d） after application of urea, and EC remained consistent with the dynamics of NH4^＋-N. The applied CRNF, especially 70% CRNF, led to significantly lower floodwater TN and NH4^＋ concentrations, pH, and EC values compared with urea within 15 d after application. The monitoring result for N loss due to natural rainfall runoff indicated that the amount of TN lost in runoff from paddy field- based two-cropping rice with urea application in Dongting Lake area was 7.47 kg ha^-1, which accounted for 2.49% of urea- N applied, and that with CRNF and 70% CRNF application decreased 24.5 and 27.2% compared with urea application, respectively. The two runoff events, which occurred within 20 d after application, contributed significantly to TN loss from paddy field. TN loss due to the two runoffs in urea, CRNF, and 70% CRNF treatments accounted for 72, 70, and 58% of the total TN loss due to runoff over the whole rice growth season, respectively. And the TN loss in these two CRNF treatments due to the first run-off event at the 10th day after application

关键词： controlled release nitrogen fertilizer paddy field-based two-cropping rice floodwater nitrogen loss due to runoff

Study on Site-specific Nutrient Management in Cotton Field

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2001年第1期 102-106页

作者： YANG Li-ping JIANG Cheng JIN Ji-yun ZHANG Feng-ming Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition Research of Ministry of Agriculture Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition Research of Ministry of Agriculture Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition Research of Ministry of Agriculture Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 Handan Agricultural Technology Extension Station Handan Hebei Province 056802

The study on the characteristics of spatial variability of soil nutrients and fertilizer recommendations in cotton field under certain conditions of agricultural management was conducted with GIS and systematic approach for soil nutrient constrains. The results showed that of the spatial variability of soil nutrient was greatly related to the management condition of previous crops. Grid sampling and variable rate application technology (VRAT) were the tools that would hopefully increase fertilizer efficiency. The fertilizers were applied where they were needed and at proper rate. Balance fertilization demonstration showed that fertilizer recommendations according to the available nutrient level in soil could decrease fertilizer cost with 657.4 yuan / ha and increase seed cotton yield by 19.8%. A net profit of the balanced fertilization was 5314.9 yuan / ha higher than that of local fertilization practice.

关键词： Cotton field Site-specific nutrient management GIS fertilizer recommendations Variable rate fertilization

Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Leaching from Rice-Wheat Rotated Agroecosystem in Southern China

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 93-102页

作者： SONG Ge ZHAO Xu WANG Shen-Qiang XING Guang-Xi ZHU Zhao-Liang State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute e of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research station Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The rice-wheat rotation in southern China is characterized by frequent flooding-draining water regime and heavy nitrogen(N)fertilization. There is a substantial lack of studies into the behavior of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON) in the intensively managed agroecosystem. A 3-year in situ field experiment was conducted to determine DON leaching and its seasonal and yearly variations as affected by fertilization, irrigation and precipitation over 6 consecutive rice/wheat seasons. Under the conventional N practice(300kg N ha-1for rice and 200 kg N ha-1for wheat), the seasonal average DON concentrations in leachate(100 cm soil depth) for the three rice and wheat seasons were 0.6–1.1 and 0.1–2.3 mg N L-1, respectively. The cumulative DON leaching was estimated to be1.1–2.3 kg N ha-1for the rice seasons and 0.01–1.3 kg N ha-1for the wheat seasons, with an annual total of 1.1–3.6 kg N ha-1. In the rice seasons, N fertilizer had little effect(P > 0.05) on DON leaching; precipitation and irrigation imported 3.6–9.1 kg N ha-1of DON, which may thus conceal the fertilization effect on DON. In the wheat seasons, N fertilization had a positive effect(P < 0.01)on DON. Nevertheless, this promotive effect was strongly influenced by variable precipitation, which also carried 1.8–2.9 kg N ha-1of DON into fields. Despite a very small proportion to chemical N applied and large variations driven by water regime, DON leaching is necessarily involved in the integrated field N budget in the rice-wheat rotation due to its relatively greater amount compared to other natural ecosystems.

关键词： irrigation N fertilization paddy soil precipitation seasonal variation

Cotton's Water Demand and Water-Saving Benefits under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Film Mulch

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Asian Agricultural Research 2016年第4期8卷 32-36,41页

作者： Yingyu YAN Juyan LI General station of Water and soil Conversation and Eco-environmental Monitoring of Xinjiang Institute of soil and fertilizer and Agricultural Sparing Water Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The primary purpose of this research was to give suitable irrigation program according to the growth period and water requirement.A cotton field experiment with mulched drip irrigation was conducted at the National Field Observation and Research station for Oasis Farmland Ecosystem in Aksu of Xinjiang in *** balance method was adopted to study the water requirement and water consumption law of cotton under mulched drip irrigation in Tarim Irrigated *** analysis of experimental data of irrigation indicates that the relationship between yield of cotton and irrigation presents a quadratic *** fit the model of cotton water production on the basis of field experimental data of *** the analysis on water saving benefit of cotton under mulched drip irrigation was *** indicate that water requirements for the irrigated cotton are 543 mm in Tarim Irrigated *** water requirements of seedling stage is 252 mm,budding stage is 186 mm,bolling stage is 316 mm and wadding stage is 139 *** irrigation amount determines the spatial distribution of soil moisture and water consumption during cotton life ***,water consumption at different growth stages was inconsistent with ***,the water consumed by cotton decreases upon the increase of irrigation *** the perspective of water saving,the maximal water use efficiency can reach 3 091 m3/*** the highest cotton yield needs 3464 m3/ha irrigation *** summary,compared to the conventional drip irrigation,a number of benefits in water saving and yield increase were observed when using plastic *** the same amount of irrigation,the cotton yield with plastic mulch was 30.2% higher than conventional approaches,and the efficiency of water utilization increased by30.2%.While at the same yield level,29.3% water was saved by using plastic mulch,and the efficiency increased by 41.5%.

关键词： Cotton’s water demand Cotton’s water consumption Water-saving benefits Drip irrigation with plastic film mulch