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A Defect Detection Method for the Primary Stage of Software Development

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5141-5155页

作者： Qiang Zhi Wanxu Pu Jianguo Ren Zhengshu Zhou School of Computer Science and Technology Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China Graduate School of Informatics Nagoya UniversityNagoya4648601Japan

In the early stage of software development,a software requirements specification(SRS)is essential,and whether the requirements are clear and explicit is the ***,due to various reasons,there may be a large number of *** generate high-quality software requirements specifications,numerous researchers have developed a variety of ways to improve the quality of *** this paper,we propose a questions extraction method based on SRS elements decomposition,which evaluates the quality of SRS in the form of numerical *** proposed method not only evaluates the quality of SRSs but also helps in the detection of defects,especially the description problem and omission defects in *** verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,we conducted a controlled experiment to compare the ability of checklist-based review(CBR)and the proposed method in the SRS *** CBR is a classicmethod of reviewing SRS *** a lot of practice and improvement for a long time,CBR has excellent review ability in improving the quality of software requirements *** experimental results with 40 graduate studentsmajoring in software engineering confirmed the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed ***,the shortcomings and deficiencies of the proposed method are also observed through the ***,the proposed method has been tried out by engineers with practical work experience in software development industry and received good feedback.

关键词： Computer science software engineering requirement engineering software quality defect detection

Photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis:Multilayered regulatory mechanisms of CONSTANS and the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 47-65页

作者： Hiroshi Takagi Andrew K.Hempton Takato Imaizumi Department of Biology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195-1800USA Center for Gene Research Nagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8602Japan

The timing of flowering affects the success of sexual *** developmental event also determines crop yield,biomass,and ***,this mechanism has been targeted for improvement along with crop *** underlying mechanisms of flowering are highly conserved in *** to these mechanisms is how environmental and endogenous conditions control transcriptional regulation of the FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)gene,which initiates floral development under long-day conditions in *** the identification of FT as florigen,efforts have been made to understand the regulatory mechanisms of FT *** many transcriptional regulators have been shown to directly influence FT,the question of how they coordinately control the spatiotemporal expression patterns of FT still requires further *** FT regulators,CONSTANS(CO)is the primary one whose protein stability is tightly controlled by phosphorylation and ubiquitination/proteasome-mediated *** addition,various CO interaction partners,some of them previously identified as FT transcriptional regulators,positively or negatively modulate CO protein *** FT promoter possesses several transcriptional regulatory"blocks,"highly conserved regions among Brassicaceae *** transcription factors bind to specific blocks and affect FT expression,often causing topological changes in FT chromatin structure,such as the formation of DNA *** discuss the current understanding of the regulation of FT expression mainly in Arabidopsis and propose future directions related to this topic.

关键词： photoperiodic flowering Arabidopsis thaliana circadian clock photoreceptor CONSTANS FLOWERING LOCUS T

Proposal of Japanese Vocabulary Difficulty Level Dictionaries for Automated Essay Scoring Support System Using Rubric

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2020年第4期8卷 601-617页

作者： Megumi Yamamoto Nobuo Umemura Hiroyuki Kawano School of Contemporary International Studies Nagoya University of Foreign StudiesIwasaki-choNisshin 470-0197Japan School of Media and Design Nagoya University of Arts and SciencesNagoya 470-0196Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Nanzan UniversityNagoya 466-8673Japan

We are developing a Moodle plug-in,which is an AES(automated essay scoring)support system for the basic education of university *** system evaluates essays based on rubric,which has five evaluation viewpoints“Contents,Structure,Evidence,Style,and Skill”.Vocabulary level is one of the scoring items of *** is calculated using Japanese Language Learners’Dictionaries constructed by Sunakawa et *** this does not fully cover the words used in the student-level essays,we found that there is a problem with the accuracy of the vocabulary level *** this paper,we propose to construct comprehensive Japanese vocabulary difficulty level dictionaries using Japanese Wikipedia as the *** apply Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)to the Wikipedia corpus and find the word appearance probability as one of the indexes of word *** use the TF-IDF value instead of the LDA value of the words,which rarely *** a result,we constructed highly comprehensive Japanese vocabulary difficulty level *** confirmed that the vocabulary level can be scored for all words in the test dataset by using the constructed dictionaries.

关键词： Automated essay scoring Vocabulary level Dictionary Wikipedia Corpus LDA Rubric

Magnifying chromoscopy, a novel and useful technique for colonoscopy in ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第18期13卷 2523-2528页

作者： Takafumi Ando Hironao Takahashi Osamu Watanabe Osamu Maeda Kazuhiro Ishiguro Daisuke Ishikawa Motofusa Hasegawa Naoki Ohmiya Yasumasa Niwa Hidemi Goto Naoki Ohmiya Yasumasa Niwa Hidemi Goto Department of Gastroenterology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by exacerbations and remissions. The degree of inflammation as assessed by conventional colonoscopy is a reliable parameter of disease activity. However, even when conventional colonoscopy suggests remission and normal mucosal findings, microscopic abnormalities may persist, and relapse may occur later. Patients with long-standing, extensive ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer is characterized by an early age at onset, poorly differentiated tumor cells, mucinous carcinoma, and multiple lesions. Early detection of dysplasia and colitic cancer is thus a prerequisite for survival. A relatively new method, magnifying chromoscopy, is thought to be useful for the early detection and diagnosis of dysplasia and colitic cancer, as well as the prediction of relapse.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Histopathology Conventionalcolonoscopy Magnifying colonoscopy Ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer

Using sorbents to control heavy metals and particulate matter emission during solid fuel combustion

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Particuology 2009年第6期7卷 477-482页

作者： Hong Yao Ichiro Naruse State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Mechanical Science & Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603Japan

Some of the heavy metals in coal and wastes vaporize during combustion, concentrate in fine particulates, and emit with the flue gas into the atmosphere, to produce adverse effect on environment and health. This study first investigates the fate of the heavy metal species, especially Pb, Cd and Cr, known as semi-volatile, in various flue gases, especially in the presence of HCI and SO2, by chemical equilibrium calculation, in which, Si and Ca were proposed as base sorbent materials to capture Pb, Cd and Cr. Then Si- and Ca-based compounds as well as waste materials used as sorbents were optimized to capture the heavy metals. Finally, the optimal sorbent was tested in actual burning of dried sewage sludge as solid fuel, to evaluate the effectiveness of the sorbent. Calculated results show that Cl increases the volatility of most heavy metals, while SO2 enhances formation of condensed phases. Among the sorbents tested, kaolin appears most efficient to capture Pb and Cd. For sludge combustion with kaolin addition, both Pb and Cd were shifted from sub-micron to macro-sized particles, and accompanied by considerable decrease of 0.1 μm particles.

关键词： Combustion Heavy metal Paniculate matter Sorbent

Hot-Dip Coating of Lead-free Aluminum on Steel Substrates with Ultrasonic Vibration

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第1期24卷 41-44页

作者： Y. Tsunekawa S. Tamura M. Okumiya N.Ishihara Toyota Technological Institute Tempaku Nagoya 468-8511 Japan

Hot-dip coating has been practically employed in manufacturing zinc alloy coated steel ***,it is difficult to coat aluminum alloy on a bulky steel substrate without sufficient preheating,because a rapidly solidified layer containing gas babbles is formed on a substrate surface.A variety of iron-aluminides are also formed at the interface of a steel and aluminum hot-dip coating system,which is the main difficulty in joining of steel with *** vibration was applied to a steel substrate during hot-dip coating of aluminum alloy to control a rapidly solidified layer and a brittle reaction *** dipping of columnar steel substrates into molten aluminum alloy （Al-2.7 mass fraction Si-4.6 mass fraction Sn） was carried out through the use of a Langevin oscillator with resonant frequency of 19.5 *** application of ultrasonic vibration is quite effective to control a rapidly solidified layer and a surface oxide layer from a substrate surface by the sonocapillary effect based on a cavitation phenomenon,so that the intimate contact is achieved at the beginning of hot-dip *** application of ultrasonic vibration to hot-dipping is effective to control a reaction layer with less than 5 #m in *** impact test exhibits that the good adhesive strength is approved in hot-dipped aluminum coatings with a thin reaction layer of approximately 5μm.

关键词： Ultrasonic vibration Cavitation Sono-Capillary effect Hot-dip coating

Diagnostic performance of endoscopic classifications for neoplastic lesions in patients with ulcerative colitis:A retrospective casecontrol study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第10期28卷 1055-1066页

作者： Yuichi Kida Takeshi Yamamura Keiko Maeda Tsunaki Sawada Eri Ishikawa Yasuyuki Mizutani Naomi Kakushima Kazuhiro Furukawa Takuya Ishikawa Eizaburo Ohno Hiroki Kawashima Masanao Nakamura Masatoshi Ishigami Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8550AichiJapan Department of Endoscopy Nagoya University HospitalNagoya 466-8560AichiJapan Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan

BACKGROUND It is unclear whether the Japan Narrow-Band Imaging Expert Team(JNET)classification and pit pattern classification are applicable for diagnosing neoplastic lesions in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC).AIM To clarify the diagnostic performance of these classifications for neoplastic lesions in patients with *** This study was conducted as a single-center,retrospective case-control ***-one lesions in 19 patients with UC-associated neoplasms(UCAN)and 23 lesions in 22 UC patients with sporadic neoplasms(SN),evaluated by magnifying image-enhanced endoscopy,were retrospectively and separately assessed by six endoscopists(three experts,three non-experts),using the JNET and pit pattern *** results were compared with the pathological diagnoses to evaluate the diagnostic ***-and intra-observer agreements were *** In this study,JNET type 2 A and pit pattern typeⅢ/Ⅳwere used as indicators of low-grade dysplasia,JNET type 2 B and pit pattern typeⅥlow irregularity were used as indicators of highgrade dysplasia to shallow submucosal invasive carcinoma,JNET type 3 and pit pattern typeⅥhigh irregularity/VN were used as indicators of deep submucosal invasive *** the UCAN group,JNET type 2 A and pit pattern typeⅢ/Ⅳhad a low positive predictive value(PPV;50.0%and 40.0%,respectively);however,they had a high negative predictive value(NPV;94.7%and 100%,respectively).Conversely,in the SN group,JNET type 2 A and pit pattern typeⅢ/Ⅳhad a high PPV(100%for both)but a low NPV(63.6%and 77.8%,respectively).In both groups,JNET type 3 and pit pattern typeⅥ-high irregularity/VN showed high *** interobserver agreement of JNET classification and pit pattern classification for UCAN among experts were 0.401 and 0.364,in the same manner for SN,0.666 and 0.597,*** intra-observer agreements of JNET classification and pit pattern classification for UCAN among experts were 0.387,0.454,for SN,0.803 and

关键词： Diagnostic performance Japan Narrow-Band Imaging Expert Team classification Pit pattern classification Sporadic neoplasms Ulcerative colitis Ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasms

Knowledge,attitudes and practices towards avian influenza A(H5N1) among Cambodian women:A cross-sectional study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第9期5卷 727-734页

作者： Mav Khun Chantha Heng Md.Harun-Or-Rashid Hideki Kasuya Junichi Sakamoto Young Leaders' Program in Healthcare Administration Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan Communicable Disease Control Rapid Response TeamKampot Provincial Health DepartmentKampot ProvinceCambodia Department of Surgery Ⅱ Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan

Objective:To measure highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)-related knowledge,attitudes, and practices(KAPs) among Cambodian ***:This cross-sectional study selected 246 married women aged between 18-55 years who had backyard poultry and lived at least one year in the areas of the survey through multi-stage cluster *** average score of correct answers was generated to evaluate respondents’ knowledge(Good/Poor).attitudes(Positive/ Negative),and practices(Good/Bad).Results:We reported that about half of the respondents had good knowledge and good practices and four-fifth of them had positive attitudes towards *** ratios(ORs) and 95%confidence intervals(CIs) were estimated through a logistic regression model to explore contributing factors that raise their KAP *** of the sources were significant in increasing knowledge of the respondent,like television(OR=l.6.95%CI=1.0- 2.7),radio(OR=2.5.95%CI=l.3-4.9).leaflets/booklets(OR=2.1,95%CI=1.2-3.9),school students (OR=18.4.95%CI=2.4-142.9).village health volunteers(OR=4.5.95%CI=2.2-10.9) *** such as television(OR=3.7.95%CI=2.1-6.4).leaflets/booklets(OR=2.6,95%CI7=1.4-5.1).and public health staff(OR=2.2,95%CI=1.2-4.1) had similar influence on ***,we found similar effect on raising the attitudes of the responded,it was not ***: We report a satisfactory level of positive attitudes,and moderate level of knowledge and practices related to HPAI among Cambodian *** KAPs through television,radio and other medias may be more efficient than using usual information,education and communication materials to prevent HPAI.

关键词： Highly pathogenic avian influenza Knowledge Attitudes Practices Kampot Cambodia

Nicotiana benthamiana XYLEM CYSTEINE PROTEASE genes facilitate tracheary element formation in interfamily grafting

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Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 70-81页

作者： Chaokun Huang Ken-ichi Kurotani Ryo Tabata Nobutaka Mitsuda Ryohei Sugita Keitaro Tanoi Michitaka Notaguchi Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8601Japan Bioscience and Biotechnology Center Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8601Japan Bioproduction Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)TsukubaIbaraki 305-8566Japan Isotope Facility for Agricultural Education and Research Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoYayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8657Japan Radioisotope Research Center Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8602Japan Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8601Japan

Grafting is a plant propagation technique widely used in agriculture.A recent discovery of the capability of interfamily grafting in Nicotiana has expanded the potential combinations of *** this study,we showed that xylem connection is essential for the achievement of interfamily grafting and investigated the molecular basis of xylem formation at the graft *** and gene network analyses revealed gene modules for tracheary element(TE)formation during grafting that include genes associated with xylem cell differentiation and immune *** reliability of the drawn network was validated by examining the role of the Nicotiana benthamiana XYLEM CYSTEINE PROTEASE(NbXCP)genes in TE formation during interfamily *** activities of NbXCP1 and NbXCP2 genes were found in differentiating TE cells in the stem and callus tissues at the graft *** of a Nbxcp1;Nbxcp2 loss-of-function mutant indicated that NbXCPs control the timing of de novo TE formation at the graft ***,grafts of the NbXCP1 overexpressor increased the scion growth rate as well as the fruit ***,we identified gene modules for TE formation at the graft boundary and demonstrated potential ways to enhance Nicotiana interfamily grafting.

关键词： grafting element graft