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Civil unmanned aircraft system operation in national airspace: A survey from Air Navigation Service Provider perspective

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第3期34卷 200-224页

作者： Zhaoxuan LIU Kaiquan CAI Yanbo ZHU School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Aviation data Communication corporation Beijing 100083China

Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UASs) have advanced technologically and surged exponentially over recent years. Currently, due to safety concerns, most civil operations of UAS are conducted in low-level uncontrolled area or in segregated controlled airspace. As the industry progresses, both operational and technological capabilities have matured to the point where UASs are expected to gain greater freedom of access to both controlled and uncontrolled airspace. Extensive technical and regulatory surveys have been conducted to enable the expanded operations. However, most surveys are derived from the perspective of UAS own operating mechanism and barely consider interactions of their non-segregated activities with the Air Traffic Management(ATM) system. Hence, to fill the gap, this paper presents a survey conducted from the perspective of Air Navigation Service Provider(ANSP), which serves to accommodate these new entrants to the overall national airspace while continuing flight safety and efficiency. The primary objectives of this paper are to:(A) describe what typical ANSP-supplied UAS Traffic Management(UTM) architecture is required to facilitate all types of civil UAS operations;(B) identify three major ANSP considerations on how UAS can be accommodated safely in civil airspace;(C) outline future directions and challenges related with UAS operations for the ANSP.

关键词： Air Navigation Service Provider Airspace Organization and Management Air Traffic Control Air Traffic Management Air traffic service provision Unmanned Aircraft System UAS Traffic Management

SOA Direct Modulation in Wavelength-Selectable Laser Array Light Sources

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 431-432页

作者： Kazuo Kasaya Ken Tsuzuki Hiroaki Sanjoh Yasuo Shibata Yuichi Tohmori ntt Photonics Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya Atsugi-shi Kanagawa Pref 243-0198 Japan

We demonstrated, for the first time, 2.5-Gb/s SOA direct modulation in the wavelength-selectable DFB laser array. The SOA direct modulation was achieved in the wide tuning range of 22.7nm by selecting arrayed laser an... 详细信息

关键词： DFB laser range of

Low Power Penalty Operation of a Wide Input Dynamic Range Cross-Phase Modulation Wavelength Converter

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 353-354页

作者： Jun Endo Akira Ohki Rieko Sato Toshio Ito Yuichi Tohmori Yasuhiro Suzuki ntt Photonics Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato Wakatniya Atsugi-shi Kanagawa Pref. 243-0198 Japan

We successfully demonstrated low power penalty operation of a cross-phase modulated (XPM) wavelength converter using a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) power equalizer. We also clarified the SOA equalizing level for more adaptive wavelength conversion and achieved a power penalty of less than 1 dB over the wide input dynamic range of 15 dB.

关键词： Wavelength Converter Dynamic Range power penalty wavelength conversion optical amplifier range of

Strategic flight assignment approach based on multi-objective parallel evolution algorithm with dynamic migration interval

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2015年第2期28卷 556-563页

作者： Zhang Xuejun Guan Xiangmin Zhu Yanbo Lei Jiaxing School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University National Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM Beihang University Aviation data Communication corporation

The continuous growth of air traffic has led to acute airspace congestion and severe delays, which threatens operation safety and cause enormous economic loss. Flight assignment is an economical and effective strategic plan to reduce the flight delay and airspace congestion by rea- sonably regulating the air traffic flow of China. However, it is a large-scale combinatorial optimiza- tion problem which is difficult to solve. In order to improve the quality of solutions, an effective multi-objective parallel evolution algorithm （MPEA） framework with dynamic migration interval strategy is presented in this work. Firstly, multiple evolution populations are constructed to solve the problem simultaneously to enhance the optimization capability. Then a new strategy is pro- posed to dynamically change the migration interval among different evolution populations to improve the efficiency of the cooperation of populations. Finally, the cooperative co-evolution （CC） algorithm combined with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II （NSGA-II） is intro- duced for each population. Empirical studies using the real air traffic data of the Chinese air route network and daily flight plans show that our method outperforms the existing approaches, multi- objective genetic algorithm （MOGA）, multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decom- position （MOEA/D）, CC-based multi-objective algorithm （CCMA） as well as other two MPEAs with different migration interval strategies.

关键词： Air traffic flow management Cooperative co-evolution Dynamic migration intervalstrategy Flight assignment Parallel evolution algorithm

A strategic flight conflict avoidance approach based on a memetic algorithm

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2014年第1期27卷 93-101页

作者： Guan Xiangmin Zhang Xuejun Han Dong Zhu Yanbo Lv Ji Su Jing School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University National Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM Beihang University Aviation data Communication corporation

Conflict avoidance （CA） plays a crucial role in guaranteeing the airspace safety. The cur- rent approaches, mostly focusing on a short-term situation which eliminates conflicts via local adjust- ment, cannot provide a global solution. Recently, long-term conflict avoidance approaches, which are proposed to provide solutions via strategically planning traffic flow from a global view, have attracted more attentions. With consideration of the situation in China, there are thousands of flights per day and the air route network is large and complex, which makes the long-term problem to be a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem with complex constraints. To minimize the risk of premature convergence being faced by current approaches and obtain higher quality solutions, in this work, we present an effective strategic framework based on a memetic algorithm （MA）, which can markedly improve search capability via a combination of population-based global search and local improve- ments made by individuals. In addition, a specially designed local search operator and an adaptive local search frequency strategy are proposed to improve the solution quality. Furthermore, a fast genetic algorithm （GA） is presented as the global optimization method. Empirical studies using real traffic data of the Chinese air route network and daily flight plans show that our approach outper- formed the existing approaches including the GA .based approach and the cooperative coevolution based approach as well as some well-known memetic algorithm based approaches.

关键词： Air traffic control Combinatorial optimization Conflict avoidance Genetic algorithm Memetic algorithm

Navigation Accuracy Category-Position Models and Estimate Position Uncertainty Calculations for TIS-B System

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2009年第4期22卷 419-425页

作者： Zhang Qingzhua Zhang Jun Zhu Yanbo Liu Wei School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beo'ing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China Aviation data Communication corporation Beijing 100083 China

Navigation accuracy category-position （NACp） is an important parameter for system accuracy of traffic information service-broadcast （TIS-B）, which is determined by estimate position uncertainty （EPU）. Centered about the problems that the exist ing EPU calculation based on noise measurement is low in accuracy and unfit for describing uncorrected biases in target reports, this article analyses the traditional NACp model, and uses the least square estimation （LSE） in EPU calculation. Furthermore, it proposes an extended NACp model, which considers both noise and biases and acquires EPU estimation with the help of approximate multiplex Taylor expression. Analysis and simulation show that the proposed method not only leads to significant improvement of the accuracy of EPU calculation, but is fit for EPU calculation with tracking biases in TIS-B system as well. As such it can find application in practice to depict different kinds of error models in TIS-B system.

关键词： error analysis model estimation surveillance radar traffic information service-broadcast

Study of ADS-B data Evaluation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2011年第4期24卷 461-466页

作者： ZHANG Jun LIU Wei ZHU Yanbo School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beihang University Beo'ing 100191 China CNS Department Aviation Data Communication Corporation Beijing 100191 China

In western China, the terrain and meteorological conditions are so complex that it is not suitable to construct new radar stations. Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast （ADS-B） is a totally new surveillance method, so before practically applied and operated in China, abundant tests and evaluations are necessary to validate the performance of ADS-B and guarantee the operational security. During the flight tests, we collect the data of radar, ADS-B and high accuracy position and compare the performance of ADS-B with radar based on high accuracy position. To solve the asynchronous problem among radar data, ADS-B data and real-time kinematic （RTK） data caused by different update rates, this *** proposes the technique of synchronizing multi-surveil- lance data by extrapolating from the data of low update rate to high update rate according to velocity and heading. Meanwhile, because radar data, ADS-B data and RTK data are expressed in different coordinates and cannot be compared each other, this article provides a method to unifying the coordinates of multi-surveillance data. By the analysis and evaluation, we can conclude that the performance of ADS-B is better than radar.

关键词： civil aviation surveillance ADS-B accuracy integrity flight inspection data evaluation

A method for automatic detection and characterization of plasma bubbles using GPS and BDS data

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第5期34卷 195-204页

作者： Qiang LI Yanbo ZHU Zhipeng WANG Kun FANG National Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM School of Electronics and Information EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Aviation data Communication corporation Beijing100191China

Detecting and characterizing Total Electron Content(TEC)depletion is important for studying the ionospheric threat due to the Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)when applying the Ground-Based Augmentation System(GBAS)at low *** paper develops a robust method to automatically identify TEC depletion and derive its *** rolling barrel algorithm is used to automatically identify the TEC depletion candidate and its ***,the depletion candidates are screened by several improved techniques to distinguish actual depletions from other phenomena such as Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance(TID)or abnormal ***,based on the depletion signals from three triangular receivers,the method derives EPB parameters such as velocity,width and *** time lag and front velocity are calculated based on crosscorrelation using TEC depletions and the geometrical distribution of three triangular *** width and gradient of slope are then determined by using TEC depletion from a single *** comparison,both the station-pair method and proposed method depend on the assumption that the EPB morphology is frozen during the short time when the plasma bubble moves between the ***,our method relaxes the restriction that the baseline length should be shorter than the width of slope required by the *** relaxation is favorable for studying small-scale slope of depletions using stations of a longer *** addition,the accuracy of the width and gradient is free of impact from hardware biases and small-scale disturbance,as it is based only on the relative TEC *** method is demonstrated by processing Global Positioning System(GPS)and Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)data on 15 August,2018,in a solar minimum cycle.

关键词： Depletion drift Ground-Based Augmentation System(GBAS) Ionosphere gradient Plasma bubble TEC depletion

Development of environmental monitoring method by analysis of 24 hours sound recording data at natural forests in the Chichibu Mountains, central Japan

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Development of environmental monitoring method by analysis o...