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noaa卫星探测数据对B-模式分析预报系统性误差的影响

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气象学报 1993年第1期51卷 21-33页

作者：王宗皓毛建平黄继红 A.Gruber A.Thomasell T.S.Chen 国家气象局卫星气象中心 100081 noaa/NESDIS U.S.A.

本文报告极轨气象卫星探测数据对B-模式的海平面气压场预报和500hPa高度预报的系统性误差的影响.主要结果是:(1)B-模式预报海平面气压的强度偏弱,即高压系统太低,低压太高;(2)500hPa高度预报的系统性误差情况不如海平面气压场误差情况明... 详细信息

本文报告极轨气象卫星探测数据对B-模式的海平面气压场预报和500hPa高度预报的系统性误差的影响.主要结果是:(1)B-模式预报海平面气压的强度偏弱,即高压系统太低,低压太高;(2)500hPa高度预报的系统性误差情况不如海平面气压场误差情况明显.但也能发现槽区的高度预报不够低,而脊区的高度预报不够高;(3)应用卫星数据对B-模式分析预报系统的预报有正作用,对海洋上的地面低压和500hPa槽区附近的系统性误差有明显减小,但对其它地区天气系统预报的正负影响参差不齐,其作用难下结论。

关键词：海平面气压场卫星探测数据误差

应用 noaa AVHRR 作大面积作物监测——估测玉米吐丝期

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气象科技 1991年第2期19卷 85-88,98页

作者： K.P.Gallo T.K.Flesch 谭凯琰卫星研究实验室noaa/NESDIS Purdue大学农学系

吐丝是玉米生长发育中的重要环节,该阶段的天气条件会危及作物的最终产量。掌握吐丝出现的时间及同期的气象条件对监测作物产量是重要的。在美国,根据田间观测可进行作物的发育期估测,然而,对于其它地区,这些资料则不易得到。因此,一种... 详细信息

吐丝是玉米生长发育中的重要环节,该阶段的天气条件会危及作物的最终产量。掌握吐丝出现的时间及同期的气象条件对监测作物产量是重要的。在美国,根据田间观测可进行作物的发育期估测,然而,对于其它地区,这些资料则不易得到。因此,一种应用卫星监测吐丝期的方法被提出,并与基于地面的估测进行了比较。在地面估测吐丝期的一周内,由 noaa AVHRR 可见光和近红外的周合成资料计算得出几种植被指数,并用它们来估测大面积吐丝出现期。

关键词：吐丝期 noaa AVHRR 玉米带玉米生长发育田间观测最终产量出现期植被指数天气条件气象条件

THE IMPACT OF noaa SATELLITE SOUNDING DATA ON THE SYSTEMATIC FORECAST ERROR OF B-MODEL

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1992年第4期6卷 421-432页

作者：王宗皓毛建平黄继红 ArnoldGruber AlbertThomasell TanSunChen National Satellite Meteorology Center SMABeijing 100081 Satellite Research Laboratory noaa/NESDIS WashingtonD.C.20233 U.S.A Received May 151992

This paper is to examine the impact of satellite data on the systematic error of operational B-model in ***- phasis is put on the study of the impact of satellite sounding data on forecasts of the sea level pressure field and 500 hPa *** major findings are as follows. (1)The B-model usually underforecasts the strength of features in the sea level pressure(SLP)field,*** are too low near high pressure systems and too high near low pressure systems. (2)The nature of the systematic errors found in the 500 hPa height forecasts is not as clear cut as that of the SLP forecasts,but most often the same type of pattern is seen,i.e.,the heights in troughs are not low enough and those in ridges are not high enough. (3)The use of satellite data in the B-model analysis/forecast system is found to have an impact upon the model's forecast of SLP and 500 hPa *** errors in the vicinity of surface lows/500 hPa troughs over the oceans are usually found to be significantly reduced.A less conclusive mix of positive and negative impacts was found for all other types of features.

关键词： satellite data impact systematic forecast error B-model

利用noaa/AMSU资料和GRAPES同化系统对陆面比辐射率计算的改进研究

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高原气象 2006年第6期25卷 1101-1106页

作者：顾松强王振会翁富忠薛纪善董佩明南京信息工程大学电子工程系江苏南京210044 美国noaa/NESDIS应用与研究实验室中国气象局中国气象科学研究院北京100081

地表比辐射率计算的不确定性,直接影响到卫星资料在数值预报中同化应用的效果。本文采用美国noaa/NESDIS的Weng等[1,2]提出的复杂陆面比辐射率模式,同时用noaa卫星AMSU-ACh1或Ch2反演的地表比辐射率来调整该模式所需的地表参数,从而在... 详细信息

地表比辐射率计算的不确定性,直接影响到卫星资料在数值预报中同化应用的效果。本文采用美国noaa/NESDIS的Weng等[1,2]提出的复杂陆面比辐射率模式,同时用noaa卫星AMSU-ACh1或Ch2反演的地表比辐射率来调整该模式所需的地表参数,从而在缺少详细地表参数的情况下,改进AMSU-A Ch3和Ch15的地表比辐射率计算精度。在积雪地表情况下,用noaa卫星AMSU-A资料直接反演各通道的比辐射率,在GRAPES同化系统中的应用表明,结果有明显的改进。

关键词：陆面比辐射率 Weng模式 GRAPES 3DVar三维变化同化系统

The Study of In-Orbit Calibration Accuracy of noaa Satellite Infrared Sounder and Its Effect on Temperature Profile Retrievals

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1990年第2期7卷 211-219页

作者：董超华刘全华黎光清张凤英 Satellite Meteorological Center State Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 Satellite Meteorological Center State Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081he calibration accuracy of High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder Mod. 2 (HIRS / 2) on NOAA-10 satellite is analyzed in this paper. The non-linear effect in the linear calibration curve induces a deviation of 1.5 degrees (k) of brightness temperature in the tenth channel (8.3 um water vapor absorption) of the HIRS/2 and the non-linear effect affects the other channels to a different extent. Based on analyzing non- linearity in two-point calibration curve a tri-point calibration equation is given. A numerical test of effects of the linear and non-linear calibration models on the accuracy of atmospheric temperature retrievals is carried out.

The calibration accuracy of High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder Mod. 2 (HIRS / 2) on noaa-10 satellite is analyzed in this paper. The non-linear effect in the linear calibration curve induces a deviation of 1.5 degrees (k) of brightness temperature in the tenth channel (8.3 um, water vapor absorption) of the HIRS/2 and the non-linear effect affects the other channels to a different extent. Based on analyzing non- linearity in two-point calibration curve, a tri-point calibration equation is given. A numerical test of effects of the linear and non-linear calibration models on the accuracy of atmospheric temperature retrievals is carried out.

关键词： In The Study of In-Orbit Calibration Accuracy of noaa Satellite Infrared Sounder and Its Effect on Temperature Profile Retrievals noaa CLI

Study of Wildfire Environmental Conditions in Portugal with noaa/NESDIS Satellite-Based Vegetation Health Index

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2019年第3期9卷 165-174页

作者： Lourdes Bugalho Natália Camara Felix Kogan Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera Rua C do Aeroporto Lisboa 1749-077 Portugal noaa/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research MD 20276 USA

Forest fires occur in Portugal every year during late spring, summer and fall. However, the beginning and end of the most severe season of forest fires are very variable, as is their intensity, the area and the number of occurrences. It is obvious, that vegetation stress and droughts are strongly linked to the occurrence of forest fires and burned area, showing a strong response to the drought. The vegetation health index (VHI), retrieved from the noaa/NESDIS, shows good results in the detection of droughts, monitoring vegetation conditions in different countries. VHI is computed combining two terms: vegetation condition index (VCI), and temperature condition index (TCI) reflecting moisture and thermal vegetation conditions. The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential of VHI-method to monitor environmental conditions, favourable to forest fires in Portugal. Results of the study show that 88% of forest fires with burned area higher than 1,000 ha in a week, are well related with vegetation stress or drought conditions, detected with VHI-method. The results also show that the monitoring of the evolution of the VHI indexes is important for prevention burnt areas, especially in the spring, since it can indicate conditions for vegetation growth, which increases the fuel availability and the fire risk in the summer.

关键词： Forest fire risk vegetation health index vegetation stress droughts

Monitoring Landslides Conditions in Madeira Island Using noaa Operational Satellites

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2019年第4期9卷 207-226页

作者： Natalia Camara Felix Kogan Instituto Portugues do Mar e da Atmosfera Rua C do AeroportoLisboa 1749-077Portugal National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Services(NOAA/NESDIS)College ParkMD 20740-3818USA

Soil water excess,as well as deficit,leads to vegetation stress,i.e.,photosynthesis decline,stomata closure,growth reduction,decrease in respiration and biomass ***,vegetation response can be used as indicator of changing in soil conditions,which corresponds to such phenomena as drought or soil waterlogging and associated natural *** last 20 years,National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration,National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Services(noaa/NESDIS)satellite-based vegetation health indices(VHI)were successfully used for monitoring environmentally-based vegetation stress,including droughts,fire risk,soil saturation and other natural hazards around the *** this study,the VHI were applied to verify the possibility their utilization for detection landslide risk areas in Madeira *** condition index(VCI)and registered precipitation were analyzed together with information on landslide occurrence in recent years.

关键词： Soil water excess natural disasters landslide satellite products vegetation health indices

The 2022 Extreme Heatwave in Shanghai,Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Valley:Combined Influences of Multiscale Variabilities

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 593-607页

作者： Ping LIANG Zhiqi ZHANG Yihui DING Zeng-Zhen HU Qi CHEN Key Laboratory of Cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai Shanghai Regional Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Prediction Center NCEP/NWS/NOAACollege ParkMD 20740USA

In the summer of 2022,China(especially the Yangtze River Valley,YRV)suffered its strongest heatwave(HW)event since *** this study,we examined the influences of multiscale variabilities on the 2022 extreme HW in the lower reaches of the YRV,focusing on the city of *** found that about 1/3 of the 2022 HW days in Shanghai can be attributed to the long-term warming trend of global *** mid-summer of 2022,an enhanced western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and anomalous double blockings over the Ural Mountains and Sea of Okhotsk,respectively,were associated with the persistently anomalous high pressure over the YRV,leading to the extreme *** Pacific Decadal Oscillation played a major role in the anomalous blocking pattern associated with the HW at the decadal time ***,the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may have contributed to regulating the formation of the double-blocking *** warming of both the warm pool of the western Pacific and tropical North Atlantic at the interannual time scale may also have favored the persistency of the double blocking and the anomalously strong *** the subseasonal time scale,the anomalously frequent phases 2-5 of the canonical northward propagating variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation associated with the anomalous propagation of a weak Madden-Julian Oscillation suppressed the convection over the YRV and also contributed to the ***,the 2022 extreme HW originated from multiscale forcing including both the climate warming trend and air-sea interaction at multiple time scales.

关键词： extreme heatwave multiscale variability air-sea interaction warming trend Yangtze River Valley Shanghai

Assimilation of GOES-R Geostationary Lightning Mapper Flash Extent Density Data in GSI 3DVar, EnKF, and Hybrid En3DVar for the Analysis and Short-Term Forecast of a Supercell Storm Case

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 263-277页

作者： Rong KONG Ming XUE Edward R.MANSELL Chengsi LIU Alexandre O.FIERRO Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A noaa/National Severe Storms Laboratory NormanOklahoma 73072U.S A.4Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik Department of Forecasting Models-ZAMGVienna 1190Austria

Capabilities to assimilate Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite “R-series ”(GOES-R) Geostationary Lightning Mapper(GLM) flash extent density(FED) data within the operational Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation ensemble Kalman filter(GSI-EnKF) framework were previously developed and tested with a mesoscale convective system(MCS) case. In this study, such capabilities are further developed to assimilate GOES GLM FED data within the GSI ensemble-variational(EnVar) hybrid data assimilation(DA) framework. The results of assimilating the GLM FED data using 3DVar, and pure En3DVar(PEn3DVar, using 100% ensemble covariance and no static covariance) are compared with those of EnKF/DfEnKF for a supercell storm case. The focus of this study is to validate the correctness and evaluate the performance of the new implementation rather than comparing the performance of FED DA among different DA schemes. Only the results of 3DVar and pEn3DVar are examined and compared with EnKF/DfEnKF. Assimilation of a single FED observation shows that the magnitude and horizontal extent of the analysis increments from PEn3DVar are generally larger than from EnKF, which is mainly caused by using different localization strategies in EnFK/DfEnKF and PEn3DVar as well as the integration limits of the graupel mass in the observation operator. Overall, the forecast performance of PEn3DVar is comparable to EnKF/DfEnKF, suggesting correct implementation.

关键词： GOES-R lightning data assimilation EnKF EnVar