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Floristic Diversity, Stand Structure and Plant Life Traits in the Forest-Savanna Mosaic at Ndjole (Centre Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 309-330页

作者： Djeuguen Vanessa Tchaleu Solefack Marie Caroline Momo Mateso Aimé Kambale Ndondjeu Charles Tafen Yanick Borel Kamga Victor François Nguetsop research unit of Applied Botany (URBOA) Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

With the aim of assessing floristic diversity, stand structure and vegetation ecology, the present work was carried out in the savanna mosaic forest of the locality of Ndjole (Centre Cameroon). A total of 30 floristic plots of 40 m × 40 m (1600 m2) were delineated in the different ecosystems (forest, forest-savanna contact zone and the savanna). Within each plot, all individuals with a diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm at 1.30 m were taken into account. ANOVA was used to compare the means of the diversity indices of the different ecosystems, and the DUNCAN test at 5% significance level (XLSTAT 2016) to separate these means. A total of 85 species belonging to 67 genera and 33 families were recorded. That is, 68 species in semi-caducifolia forest, 45 in forest-savanna contact zone and 18 in savanna. Urticaceae, Combretaceae, Apocynaceae, Myristicaceae and Euphorbiaceae are the most diverse families in the forest. On the other hand, in contact zones, the Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Annonaceae and Moraceae families are the most diversified, while in the savannas, the Combretaceae, Fabaceae and Annonaceae families are the most diversified. Shannon’s diversity index values (1.7 to 2.37 bits) reflect low specific diversity;Piélou’s equitability (0.86 to 0.9) shows good distribution of individuals within species. The diametric structure of woody species shows an inverted “J” shape in all plant communities. This indicates a high regeneration potential characterized by a greater number of small trees than large trees. Mesophanerophytes and megaphanerophytes are dominant in forests and forest-savanna contact zones, and microphanerophytes in the savannas. Endozoochory is the main mode of diaspore dissemination. As regards the distribution of phytogeographical types, it shows the overall dominance of Guineo-Congolese species in all plant communities. Our study provides detailed data on forest-savanna floristic and plant life traits in the mosaic and recommends further st

关键词： Mosaic Communities Dissemination Regeneration Diversity

Assessment of corrected time-step method for nominal ionospheric gradient calculation: A comparative analysis with spatial approaches

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第4期8卷 641-649页

作者： Slamet Supriadi Prayitno Abadi Susumu Saito Harry Bangkit Dwiko Unggul Prabowo Adi Purwono Ginaldi Ari Nugroho research Center for Smart Mechatronics National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia research Center for Climate and Atmosphere BRINBandungIndonesia School of Electrical Engineering Telkom UniversityKab.BandungIndonesia Electronic Navigation research Institute National Institute of MaritimePort and Aviation TechnologyTokyoJapan research Center for Space BRINBandungIndonesia

The effect of ionospheric delay on the ground-based augmentation system under normal conditions can be mitigated by determining the value of the nominal ionospheric gradient(σvig).The nominal ionospheric gradient is generally obtained from Continuously Operating Reference Stations data by using the spatial single-difference method(mixed-pair,station-pair,or satellite-pair)or the temporal single-difference method(time-step).The time-step method uses only a single receiver,but it still contains ionospheric temporal *** introduce a corrected time-step method using a fixed-ionospheric pierce point from the geostationary equatorial orbit satellite and test it through simulations based on the global ionospheric *** also investigate the effect of satellite paths on the corrected time-step method in the region of the equator,which tends to be in a more north–south direction and to have less coverage for the east–west ionospheric *** study also addresses the limitations of temporal variation correction coverage and recommends using only the correction from *** processes are developed under simulations because observational data are still difficult to *** findings demonstrate that the corrected time-step method yieldsσvig values consistent with other approaches.

关键词： ground-based augmentation system nominal ionospheric gradient time-step correction global ionospheric model

The 6-hour lactate clearance rate in predicting 30-day mortality in cardiogenic shock

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 393-399页

作者： Junfeng Wang Mingxia Ji Department of Intensive Care unit Yiwu Central HospitalYiwuZhejiangChina

Background Early evaluation of prognosis in cardiogenic shock(CS)is crucial for tailored treatment *** lactate clearance and lactate levels are considered useful prognostic biomarkers in patients with ***,there is yet no literature comparing the 6-hour lactate clearance rate(Δ6Lac)with lactate levels measured at admission(L1)and after 6 h(L2)to predict 30-day mortality in *** In this observational cohort study,95 patients with CS were treated at Department of Intensive Care unit,Yiwu Central Hospital between January 2020 and December *** these,88 patients met the eligibility *** lactate levels were measured after admission(L1)as the baseline lactate value,and were measured after 6 h(L2)following *** primary endpoint of the study was survival rate at 30 days.A receiver operating characteristic curve was used for data *** and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed based onΔ***–Meier(KM)survival curves were generated to compare the 30-day survival rates among L1,L2,andΔ*** TheΔ6Lac model showed the highest area under the curve value(0.839),followed by the L2(0.805)and L1(0.668)***Δ6Lac model showed a sensitivity of 84.2%and specificity of 75.4%.The L1 and L2 models had sensitivities of 57.9%each and specificities of 89.9%and 98.6%,*** cut-off values forΔ6Lac,L1,and L2 were 18.2%,6.7 mmol/L,and 6.1 mmol/L,*** Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association betweenΔ6Lac and 30-day *** adjusting for five models in multivariate Cox regression,Δ6Lac remained a significant risk factor for 30-day mortality in patients with *** our fifth multivariate Cox regression model,Δ6Lac remained a risk factor associated with 30-day mortality(hazard ratio[HR]=5.14,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.48 to 17.89,P=0.010)as well as L2(HR=8.42,95%CI:1.26 to 56.22,P=0.028).The KM survival curve analysis revealed that L1>6.7 mmol/L(HR=8.08,95%

关键词： Lactates The 6-h lactate clearance rate Cardiogenic shock Mortality Cox regression

Development of antibody-drug conjugates in cancer:Overview and prospects

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 3-22页

作者： Dan-Yun Ruan Hao-Xiang Wu Qi Meng Rui-Hua Xu Department of Clinical research Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China research unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China

In recent years,remarkable breakthroughs have been reported on antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs),with 15 ADCs successfully entering the market over the past *** substantial development has positioned ADCs as one of the fastest-growing domains in the realm of anticancer drugs,demonstrating their efficacy in treating awide array of ***,there is still an unmet clin-ical need forwider application,better efficacy,and fewer side effects of *** ADC generally comprises an antibody,a linker and a payload,and the combina-tion has profound effects on drug structure,pharmacokinetic profile and ***,optimization of the key components provides an opportunity to develop ADCs with higher potency and fewer side *** this review,we comprehen-sively reviewed the current development and the prospects of ADC,provided an analysis of marketed ADCs and the ongoing pipelines globally as well as in China,highlighted several ADC platforms and technologies specific to different pharmaceutical enterprises and biotech companies,and also discussed the new related technologies,possibility of next-generation ADCs and the directions of clinical research.

关键词： companies breakthrough payload

Digital pathology-based artificial intelligence models for differential diagnosis and prognosis of sporadic odontogenic keratocysts

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 349-358页

作者： Xinjia Cai Heyu Zhang Yanjin Wang Jianyun Zhang Tiejun Li Department of Oral Pathology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology&National Center of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesBeijingChina Central Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina Department of Oral Pathology Shanghai Stomatological Hospital&School of StomatologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina research unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU034)BeijingChina

Odontogenic keratocyst(OKC)is a common jaw cyst with a high recurrence *** combined with basal cell carcinoma as well as skeletal and other developmental abnormalities is thought to be associated with Gorlin ***,OKC needs to be differentiated from orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst and other jaw *** of the different prognosis,differential diagnosis of several cysts can contribute to clinical *** collected 519 cases,comprising a total of 2157 hematoxylin and eosinstained images,to develop digital pathology-based artificial intelligence(AI)models for the diagnosis and prognosis of *** Inception_v3 neural network was utilized to train and test models developed from patch-level ***,whole slide imagelevel AI models were developed by integrating deep learning-generated pathology features with several machine learning *** AI models showed great performance in the diagnosis(AUC=0.935,95%CI:0.898–0.973)and prognosis(AUC=0.840,95%CI:0.751–0.930)of *** advantages of multiple slides model for integrating of histopathological information are demonstrated through a comparison with the single slide ***,the study investigates the correlation between AI features generated by deep learning and pathological findings,highlighting the interpretative potential of AI models in the ***,we have developed the robust diagnostic and prognostic models for *** AI model that is based on digital pathology shows promise potential for applications in odontogenic diseases of the jaw.

关键词： diagnosis pathology prognosis

Advancements in nanotechnology for the delivery of phytochemicals

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 385-398页

作者： Divya Chauhan Pavan K.Yadav Nazneen Sultana Arun Agarwal Saurabh Verma Manish K.Chourasia Jiaur R.Gayen Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Central Drug Research InstituteCouncil of Scientific and Industrial ResearchLucknow 226031Uttar PradeshIndia Academy of Scientific and Innovative research Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia

Phytosomes(phytophospholipid complex) are dosage forms that have recently been introduced to increase the stability and therapeutic effect of herbal medicine. Currently, bioactive herbs and the phytochemicals they contain are considered to be the best remedies for chronic diseases. One promising approach to increase the efficacy of plant-based therapies is to improve the stability and bioavailability of their bio-active ingredients. Phytosomes employ phospholipids as their active ingredients, and use their amphiphilic properties to solubilize and protect herbal extracts. The unique properties of phospholipids in drug delivery and their use in herbal medicines to improve bioavailability results in significantly enhanced health benefits. The introduction of phytosome nanotechnology can alter and revolutionize the current state of drug delivery. The goal of this review is to explain the application of phytosomes, their future prospects in drug delivery, and their advantages over conventional formulations.

关键词： Phytochemical Bioavailability Drug delivery system Phytosome Plant extracts

Achieving simultaneously high conversion and high selectivity for light olefins directly producing from syngas

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 753-754页

作者： Yuhan Sun Shanxi research Institute Huairou Research LaboratoryTaiyuan 030032China Institute of Carbon Neutrality ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

The activity and selectivity are two primary indexes of a successful catalyst for chemical reactions. However,achieving a high activity and a high selectivity simultaneously is a long-standing challenge in catalysis, the socalled activity-selectivity trade-off. In the article recently published in Science, a research team led by Prof.

关键词： selectivity simultaneous catalysis

research on organized method and regulatory mechanism of Cell cultured meat based on modified silk

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Feng Yang Haijuan Hu Yingying Li Shilei Li Wenting Liu Yu Qi Shouwei Wang China Meat research Center Beijing Institute of Food Science

Cell cultured meat has been extensively studied as an environmentally friendly， energy-saving and more effective technology. However， there are many technical bottlenecks， especially the regulatory mechanism and manufacturing method of in vitro myogenesis. Based on an edible modified silk protein scaffold， with 3D culturing， in situ differentiated and transcriptome analysis， this study describes novel scaffolds and fabrication methods for cell cultured meat. The results showed that the effective space and utilization efficiency for cell culture of the scaffold is 26-1000 that of the traditional culture dish; it could form a tissue-like structure. Transcriptomics revealed the regulatory pathways and key factors of different cycles. It clarifies that the multi-cycle process of myoblast myogenesis in vitro is different from the single feedback regulation in vivo. More importantly， a novel scaffold-based cell cultured meat manufacturing method was developed， further develop a new tissue culture solution that is different from existing cell culture meat *** manufacturing processes， it provides a new cell culture meat technology system， provides a theoretical basis for the regulation of cell proliferation and muscle growth， and lays the technical foundation for in situ tissue culture of cell cultured meat in vitro.

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Combustion mechanism of benzene in iron ore sintering process:experimental and simulation

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Journal of Iron and Steel research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 195-203页

作者： Zhi-gang Que Jin-ming Shi Xian-bin Ai Institute of Energy research Jiangxi Academy of ScienceNanchang330096JiangxiChina Jiangxi Carbon Neutralization research Center Nanchang330096JiangxiChina

Benzene is a typical component of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the iron ore sintering flue *** combustion behavior of benzene directly affects the emission of VOCs in iron ore sintering *** effects of temperature,benzene,and oxygen concentrations on the conversion ratio of benzene were investigated by experiments and numerical *** experiments were carried out in a tube reactor at temperatures of 773-1098 K,benzene concentrations of 0.01-0.03 vol.%,and oxygen concentrations of 10-21 vol.%.The numerical simulation was performed with the plug flow model in the CHEMKIN program based on a kinetic model that consists of 132 chemical species and 772 elementary step-like *** experimental results reveal that increasing the temperature and benzene concentration could signifi-cantly promote benzene *** is attributed to the increase in the reaction rates of all steps in the pathway for forming CO_(2)and H_(2)*** addition,due to the large equivalent ratio of oxygen to benzene,the conversion ratio of benzene remained constant at different oxygen *** simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results and indicated that six elementary reactions dominated the formations of CO_(2)and H_(2)*** oxidations of C_(6)H_(5)O,CO,and C_(5)H_(4)O intermediates to CO_(2)were the limiting steps in the reaction pathways.

关键词： Benzene Volatile organic compound Iron ore sinter Combustion Simulation Temperature Oxygen