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Genetically modified pigs with CD163 point mutation are resistant to HP-PRRSV infection

Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 833-844页

作者： Ying Liu Lin Yang Hong-Yong Xiang Ming Niu Jia-Cheng Deng Xue-Yuan Li Wen-Jie Hao Hong-Sheng Ou-Yang Tong-Yu Liu Xiao-Chun Tang Da-Xin Pang Hong-Ming Yuan State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Animal SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130062China Chifeng Best genetics Technology Co. Ltd.ChifengNei Mongol 024000China Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400015China

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a globally prevalent contagious disease caused by the positive-strand RNA PRRS virus(PRRSV),resulting in substantial economic losses in the swine *** the CD163 SRCR5 domain,either through deletion or substitution,can eff1ectively confer resistance to PRRSV infection in ***,large fragment modifications in pigs inevitably raise concerns about potential adverse effects on growth *** the impact of genetic modifications on normal physiological functions is a promising direction for developing PRRSV-resistant *** the current study,we identified a specific functional amino acid in CD163 that influences PRRSV *** infection experiments conducted on Marc145 and PK-15CD163 cells illustrated that the mE535G or corresponding pE529G mutations markedly inhibited highly pathogenic PRRSV(HP-PRRSV)proliferation by preventing viral binding and ***,individual viral challenge tests revealed that pigs with the E529G mutation had viral loads two orders of magnitude lower than wild-type(WT)pigs,confirming effective resistance to *** of the physiological indicators and scavenger function of CD163 verified no significant differences between the WT and E529G *** findings suggest that E529G pigs can be used for breeding PRRSV-resistant pigs,providing novel insights into controlling future PRRSV outbreaks.

关键词： PRRSV CD163 Point mutation E529G Pigs

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Sperm acrosin activity may be a useful factor in choosing between ICSI and IVF for infertile male patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 85-90页

作者： Ye-Na Hu Liang Hu Xin-Yu Yin Huan Zhang Yang-Qin Peng Gang Liu Ge Lin Wei-Na Li The Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering School of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Department of Andrology Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITiC-XiangyaChangsha 410013China Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and genetics in Hunan Province Changsha 410013China Hunan Guangxiu Hi-tech Life Technology Co. Ltd.Changsha 410013China

The clinical applications of acrosin activity are *** analyzed 61578 male partners in infertile couples who visited the outpatient department of the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya(Changsha,China)between August 2014 and December 2019 to determine the reference ranges and thresholds for acrosin activity in infertile Chinese men;to determine whether correlations exist between acrosin activity and age,sperm concentration,sperm morphology,or sperm motility;and to evaluate whether acrosin activity could serve as an effective prognostic indicator for choosing between in vitro fertilization(IvF)and intracytoplasmic sperm injection(icsl)in the *** cut-off value for the normal reference range of acrosin activity for male partners in infertile couples was 24.78μlU per 106 *** was no significant association between acrosin activity and age,sperm concentration,semen volume,total sperm count,progressive motility,or total motile spermatozoa.A weak positive correlation was found between acrosin activity and normal sperm *** was a statistically significant difference in abnormal acrosome morphology between the group with high acrosin activity(>24.78μlU per 106 sperm)and the group with low acrosin activity(<24.78μlU per 106 sperm).The group with a low IVF fertilization rate had a high index of abnormal acrosomal morphology at 21.2%,while the group with a high IVF fertilization rate had a low index of 0.2%.At an acrosin activity of<24.78μlU per 10 sperm,in one cycle of the same patient,the fertilization rate,normal fertilization rate,and good-quality embryo rate for Icsl were significantly higher than those for ***,the most promising application of acrosin activity could be in the selection of IcsI over IVF for infertile male patients with complete fertilization failure or a low fertilization rate.

关键词： acrosin activity fertilization rate ICSI IVF semen parameters

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Emerging technological developments to address pest resistance in Bt cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期7卷 318-333页

作者： NAGARAJ Selvarani RAJASEKARAN Ravikesavan PALANIAPPAN Jayamani RANGASAMY Selvakumar NARAYANASAMY Chitra NARAYANAN Manikanda Booapathi Department of genetics and Plant Breeding Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics(CPBG)Tamil Nadu Agricultural University(TNAU)Coimbatore 641003India Centre for Plant Breeding and genetics TNAUCoimbatore 641003India Department of Pulses CPBGTNAUCoimbatore 641003India Research and Development Centre Rasi Seeds(P)Ltd.SalemAttur 636102India Department of Cotton TNAUCoimbatore 641003India Department of Plant Biotechnology Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology(CPMB&B)TNAUCoimbatore 641003India

Cotton plays a crucial role in shaping Indian economy and rural *** cotton crop is prone to numerous insect pests,necessitating insecticidal application,which increases production *** advent of the expression of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal protein in cotton has significantly reduced the burden of pest without compromising environmental or human *** the introduction of transgenic cotton,the cultivated area expanded to 22 million hectares,with a 64% increase in adoption by farmers ***,Bt cotton accounts for 93% of the cultivated cotton area in ***,extensive use of Bt cotton has accelerated resistance development in pests like the pink ***,the overreliance on Bt cotton has reduced the use of broad-spectrum pesticides,favouring the emergence of secondary pests with significant *** emphasizes the urgent necessity for developing novel pest management *** high-dose and refuge strategy was initially effective for managing pest resistance in Bt cotton,but its implementation in India faced challenges due to misunderstandings about the use of non-Bt refuge *** gene pyramiding was introduced as a solution,combining mono toxin also led to instances of ***,there is a need for further exploration of biotechnological approaches to manage insect resistance in Bt *** biotechnological strategies,such as sterile insect release,RNA interference(RNAi)-mediated gene silencing,stacking Bt with RNAi,and genome editing using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein(CRISPR-Cas),offer promising tools for identifying and managing resistance genes in ***,CRISPR-mediated gene drives and the development of novel biopesticides present potential avenues for effective pest management in cotton *** innovative approaches could significantly enhance the sustainability and efficacy of

关键词： Bt Cotton Gene pyramiding RNAi Modified toxin Genome editing Plant derived insecticidal protein Gene drive

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Characterization of serum proteomic and inflammatory profiling at early stage of iron deficiency in weaned piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 380-389页

作者： Guang Liu Lan Li Shuan Liu Zhenglin Dong Jian Zhou Chengyan Gong Yulong Yin Wenjie Tang Dan Wan Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Beijing Dabeinong Technology Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Animal Breeding and genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animal Science AcademyChengdu 610066China Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animtech Feed Co.Ltd.Chengdu 610066China

The objective of this study was to examine the early serum proteomic and inflammatory profiles of weaned piglets subjected to iron *** healthy piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire,body weight:4.96±0.05 kg)were weaned at 21 days of ***,these animals were randomly allocated to one of two groups,with six replicates in each group(maintaining a male-to-female ratio of 1:1),the control group(administered 100 mg/kg Fe as FeSO_(4)·H_(2)O)and L-Fe group(no additional Fe supplementation).The results showed that 42 days after initiating,compared with control group,routine blood analysis revealed a reduction in serum iron content,red blood cell(RBC)count,hemoglobin(HGB)content,hematocrit(HCT),and mean corpuscular volume(MCV)(P 0.05).During the early stages of iron deficiency,piglets exhibited increased villus height(VH)and the ratio of VH to crypt depth(CD)in the duodenum(P<0.05)and increased expression levels of iron transporters,including duodenal cytochrome(Cybrd),divalent metal transport 1(DMT1),and ferritin light chain(FTL)(P<0.05).Subsequently,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)were used to identify serum *** Ontology(GO)analysis of the differentially abundant proteins(DAP)revealed that 24 of the 30 DAP were involved in platelet function,immune response,cellular metabolism,transcription,and protein ***,prothrombin,asporin(ASPN),and Rac family small GTPase 3(RAC3)expression was induced,whereas glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha(GPIbA)expression was *** was accompanied by a substantial reduction in serum complement 3(C3)and complement 4(C4)contents(P<0.05),with elevated the contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)(P<0.05).Our findings underscore the essential role of dietary iron supplementation in maintaining iron homeostasis and modulating inflammatory responses in piglets.

关键词： Piglet Iron deficiency Proteomics Inflammatory Cytokine Immune response

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Geochronological and genetic characterization of basaltic basement from western offshore basins in India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 372-398页

作者： Piyush Gupta Shakti Singh Rathore Sandeep Singh Geochronology Laboratory KDMIPEOil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.9Kaulagarh RoadDehradun 248195India Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India

^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar geochronology,geochemistry,and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of 30 core samples from 24 offshore drill wells in the Western offshore basins have been used to characterize the genetics of the volcanic basement from the Kutch,Mumbai,and Kerala-Konkan offshore *** from the volcanic basement rocks demonstrate extremely varied isotopic and geochemical fingerprints,which are suggestive of significantly diverse parent magma compositions and emplacement *** tholeiitic basement from Kutch Offshore basin has Ar-Ar ages that range between 60 Ma and 62 *** basement is characterised by a within-plate basalt signature,with depleted isotopic signatures similar to least contaminated Deccan Traps basalts,and a component of subducted crustal *** basement from Mumbai Offshore Basin has eruption ages between 63 Ma and 65 Ma and show a strong within-plate OIB *** and isotopic signatures are consistent with Renuion lavas and an enriched-end member of Deccan Traps ***,Kerala-Konkan Offshore Basin shows significant E-MORB affinity and is characterized by primitive-mantle signatures and least contamination from the upper continental crust,with ages of eruption between 60 Ma and 61 Ma based on obtained^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar *** study suggests that the Mumbai Offshore Basalts’mode of the eruption was comparable with onshore Deccan volcanism,whereas the basaltic basement in Kutch Offshore was formed after the main phase of Deccan eruption and may have been an offshoot of a"tail"of the main Deccan *** parent magma for the volcanic E-MORB basement in the Kerala-Konkan Offshore Basin is thought to have come from mixing along the Carlsberg Mid-Oceanic Ridge and the material from the Réunion plume with the northward movement of the Indian Plate during the Early *** is thought to have occurred concurrently with the formation of the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge.

关键词： ^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar geochronology Western offshore basins Kutch offshore basin Mumbai offshore basin Kerala-Konkan offshore basin

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Morphological and molecular evidence for natural hybridization between Sorbus pohuashanensis and S. discolor (Rosaceae)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 189-201页

作者： Yuxia Wu Xuedan Yu Wei Tang Wenhua Yang Qidi Fu Yongqi Zheng Chuanhong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Tree genetics and Breeding Research Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China Beijing Waiyan Online Digital Technology Co. LtdBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Huabanlv Nature Enlightenment Education Technology Co. LtdBeijing 100010People’s Republic of China

In overlapping distribution areas of Sorbus pohuashanensis and *** in North China(Mount Tuoliang,Mount Xiling and Mount Baihua),Sorbus indi-viduals were found with pink fruit,which have never been recorded for the flora of *** morphological characters combined with four chloroplast DNA markers and internal transcribed spacer(ITS)were used to analyze the origin of the Sorbus individuals with pink fruits and their relationship to *** and ***,SDA and one-way(taxon)ANOVA of morphological characters provided convincing evidence of the hybrid ori-gin of Sorbus individuals with pink fruits based on a novel morphological character and many intermediate *** analysis based on four cpDNA markers showed that either *** or *** were maternal parents of Sorbus individuals with pink ***-ence of the position of Sorbus individuals with pink fruits between cpDNA and ITS in cluster trees supported by DNA sequence comparative analysis,implying former hybridiza-tion events between *** and ***-tiple hybridization events between *** and *** might have contributed to the generation of Sorbus individuals with pink *** study has provided insights into hybridization between species of the same genus in sympatric areas,which is of great significance for the study of interspecific hybridization.

关键词： Hybridization ITS Chloroplast DNA Morphological characters Sorbus

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Evolution and spatiotemporal analysis of earthquake public opinion based on social media data

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Earthquake Science 2024年第5期37卷 387-406页

作者： Chenyu Wang Yanjun Ye Yingqiao Qiu Chen Li Meiqing Du School of Earth Science and Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China China Coal Geology Group Co.ltd Beijing 100040China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Hebei Key Laboratory of Water-Saving AgricultureCenter for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyCASShijiazhuang 050021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shandong Zhengyuan Digital City Construction Co. Ltd.Yantai 264670China Yantai Smart City and Internet of Facilities Engineering Research Center Yantai 264670China

As critical conduits for the dissemination of online public opinion,social media platforms offer a timely and effective means for managing emergencies during major disasters,such as *** study focuses on the analysis of online public opinions following the Maduo M7.4 earthquake in Qinghai Province and the Yangbi M6.4 earthquake in Yunnan *** collecting,cleaning,and organizing post-earthquake Sina Weibo(short for Weibo)data,we employed the Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)model to extract information pertinent to public opinion on these *** analysis included a comparison of the nature and temporal evolution of online public opinions related to both *** emotion analysis,utilizing an emotion dictionary,categorized the emotional content of post-earthquake Weibo posts,facilitating a comparative study of the characteristics and temporal trends of online public emotions following the *** findings were visualized using Geographic Information System(GIS)*** analysis revealed certain commonalities in online public opinion following both ***,the peak of online engagement occurred within the first 24 hours post-earthquake,with a rapid decline observed between 24 to 48 hours *** variation in popularity of online public opinion was linked to aftershock *** for population factors,online engagement in areas surrounding the earthquake sites and in Sichuan Province was significantly *** dominated by feelings of“fear”and“surprise”,the public sentiment shifted towards a more positive outlook with the onset of rescue ***,distinctions in the online public response to each earthquake were also *** the Yangbi earthquake,Yunnan Province reported the highest number of Weibo posts nationwide;in contrast,Qinghai Province ranked third post-Maduo earthquake,attributable to its smaller population size and extensive damage to communication ***

关键词： internet public opinion topic clustering emotional analysis psychological crisis intervention

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Comparison of methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete observation data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.Stephen Chris R.Burke Jennie E.Pryce Nicole M.Steele Peter R.Amer Susanne Meier Claire V.C.Phyn Dorian J.Garrick DairyNZ ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL Rae Centre for genetics and Breeding-Massey University RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agriculture Victoria Research AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure *** include time-dependent traits such as reproductive status,or *** measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interval-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or above a lower bound *** we compare three methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elevation(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGEP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example *** We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day intervals from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×Jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calving,pasture-based herds in New *** used these actual data to simulate 7 different visit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three *** methods for deriving phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical variables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous variables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous variables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation *** Credibility intervals for heritability estimations overlapped across all methods and visit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was *** sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding values(EBVs)from our three-visit scenario and each reduced data scenario varied by method,ranging from 0.65 to *** estimated breed effects also varied by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring *** Our results indicate that using

关键词： Cattle Gibbs sampler Markov-chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) Puberty

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Creating large EMS populations for functional genomics and breeding in wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 484-493页

作者： Wenqiang Wang Xizhen Guan Yong Gan Guojun Liu Chunhao Zou Weikang Wang Jifa Zhang Huifei Zhang Qunqun Hao Fei Ni Jiajie Wu Lynn Epstein Daolin Fu Spring Valley Agriscience Co. Ltd.Jinan 250300China College of Life Sciences Zaozhuang UniversityZaozhuang 277160China National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Wheat germplasm is a fundamental resource for basic research,applied studies,and wheat breeding,which can be enriched normally by several paths,such as collecting natural lines,accumulating breeding lines,and introducing mutagenesis *** methane sulfonate(EMS)is an alkylating agent that can effectively introduce genetic variations in a wide variety of plant *** this study,we created a million-scale EMS population(MEP)that started with the Chinese wheat cultivars‘Luyan 128’,‘Jimai 38’,‘Jimai 44’,and‘Shannong 30’.In the M1 generation,the MEP had numerous phenotypical variations,such as>3,000 chlorophyll-deficient mutants,2,519 compact spikes,and 1,692 male sterile *** were also rare mutations,including 30 independent tillers each with double *** M1 variations of chlorophyll-deficiency and compact spikes were inheritable,appearing in the M2 or M3 *** advance the entire MEP to higher generations,we adopted a single-seed descendent(SSD)*** other seed composites of M2 were used to screen other agronomically important traits,such as the tolerance to herbicide *** MEP is available for collaborative projects,and provides a valuable toolbox for wheat genetics and breeding for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： wheat germplasm ethyl methane sulfonate genetics and breeding

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The influences of canopy temperature measuring on the derived crop water stress index

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中国生态农业学报（中英文） 2024年第9期32卷 1503-1519页

作者： WANG Hongxi LI Fei SHEN Hongtao LI Mengyu YIN Gongchao FANG Qin SHAO Liwei Marketing Service Center of the State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co. Ltd.Shijiazhuang 050035China Nanpi Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau Nanpi 061500China College of Agronomy Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Center for Agri-cultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050022China

Crop water stress index(CWSI)is widely used for efficient irrigation *** canopy temperature(T_(c))measurement is necessary to derive a reliable *** objective of this research was to investigate the influences of atmospheric conditions,settled height,view angle of infrared thermography,and investigating time of temperature measuring on the performance of the *** irrigation treatments were used to create different soil water conditions during the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 winter wheat-growing *** CWSI was calculated using the CWSI-E(an empirical approach)and CWSI-T(a theoretical approach)based on the T_(c).Weather conditions were recorded continuously throughout the experimental *** results showed that atmospheric conditions influenced the estimation of the CWSI;when the vapor pressure deficit(VPD)was>2000 Pa,the estimated CWSI was related to soil water *** height of the installed infrared thermograph influenced the T_(c)values,and the differences among the T_(c)values measured at height of 3,5,and 10 m was smaller in the afternoon than in the ***,the lens of the thermometer facing south recorded a higher T_(c)than those facing east or north,especially at a low height,indicating that the direction of the thermometer had a significant influence on T_(c).There was a large variation in CWSI derived at different times of the day,and the midday measurements(12:00-15:00)were the most reliable for estimating *** linear relationships were found between the transpiration rate and CWSI-E(R^(2)of 0.3646-0.5725)and CWSI-T(R^(2)of 0.5407-0.7213).The relations between fraction of available soil water(FASW)with CWSI-T was higher than that with CWSI-E,indicating CWSI-T was more accurate for predicting crop water *** addition,The R^(2)between CWSI-T and FASW at 14:00 was higher than that at other times,indicating that 14:00 was the optimal time for using the CWSI for crop water status *** hi

关键词： Canopy temperature Measuring time Measuring height and direction Crop water stress index

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