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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Making bridges between preclinical and clinical insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2321-2322页

作者： David VC Brito Clévio Nóbrega Algarve biomedical Center-research Institute(ABC-RI) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Algarve biomedical Center-(ABC) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Faculty of Medicine and biomedical Sciences(FMCB) University of AlgarveGambelas CampusFaroPortugal

With people living longer,the societal impact of age-related cognitive decline is becoming more pronounced(Crimmins,2015).Thus,it is increasingly important to comprehend the cognitive shifts linked to aging-whether th... 详细信息

关键词： bridges becoming insight

Brain age estimation:premise,promise,and problems

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2313-2314页

作者： Jarrad Perron Ji Hyun Ko Graduate Program in biomedical Engineering Price Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada PrairieNeuro research centre Kleysen Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Sciences CentreWinnipegMBCanada Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science Rady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada

Premise:The com bined effects of modern healthcare practices which prolong lifespan and declining birthrates have created unprecedented changes in age demographics worldwide that are especially pronounced in Japan,South Korea,Europe,and North *** old age is the most significant predictor of dementia,global healthcare systems must rise to the challenge of providing care for those with neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： estimation providing birth

Anti-amyloid antibodies in Alzheimer’s disease: what did clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： Danko Jeremic Lydia Jiménez-Díaz Juan D.Navarro-López NeuroPhysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many causes of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)may exist,both the original amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses posit that abnormal misfolding and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is the central event causing the ***,that conclusion could be only partly true,and there is conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins in AD,being able to precede and influence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with alternative explanations proposed.Aβand tau proteins may be independently involved in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial processes going on in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than additively in disease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer additive

Hepatic expression and cellular distribution of the glucose transporter family

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6771-6781页

作者： Sumera Karim David H Adams Patricia F Lalor centre for Liver research and nihr biomedical research Unit Institute of Biomedical Research University of Birmingham

Glucose and other carbohydrates are transported into cells using members of a family of integral membrane glucose transporter (GLUT) molecules. To date 14 members of this family, also called the solute carrier 2A proteins have been identified which are divided on the basis of transport characteristics and sequence similarities into several families (Classes 1 to 3). The expression of these different receptor subtypes varies between different species, tissues and cellular subtypes and each has differential sensitivities to stimuli such as insulin. The liver is a contributor to metabolic carbohydrate homeostasis and is a major site for synthesis, storage and redistribution of carbohydrates. Situations in which the balance of glucose homeostasis is upset such as diabetes or the metabolic syndrome can lead metabolic disturbances that drive chronic organ damage and failure, confirming the importance of understanding the molecular regulation of hepatic glucose homeostasis. There is a considerable literature describing the expression and function of receptors that regulate glucose uptake and release by hepatocytes, the most import cells in glucose regulation and glycogen storage. However there is less appreciation of the roles of GLUTs expressed by non parenchymal cell types within the liver, all of which require carbohydrate to function. A better understanding of the detailed cellular distribution of GLUTs in human liver tissue may shed light on mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. This review summarises the available literature on hepatocellular expression of GLUTs in health and disease and highlights areas where further investigation is required.

关键词： Hepatic Liver Glucose transporters Glucose Transport Hepatocyte

Microglial dysfunction and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： Debra S.MacDonald Jay Penney Department of biomedical Sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases remains far from com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and financial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases

Era of Barrett’s surveillance: Does equipment matter?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第37期16卷 4640-4645页

作者： Jayan Mannath Krish Ragunath Nottingham Digestive Diseases centre and nihr biomedical research Unit Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust

Barrett’s esophagus is a consequence of long standing gastro-esophageal reflux disease and predisposes to the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Regular surveillance endoscopies can detect curable early neoplasia in asymptomatic patients, which in turn could improve the prognosis compared to symptomatic cancer. Early neoplastic lesions, which are amenable for local therapy, could be treated endoscopically, avoiding a major surgery. However, in the absence of obvious mucosal lesions, random four quadrant biopsies are done, which is associated with significant sampling error. Newer imaging modalities, such as autofluorescence endoscopy, are helpful in detecting subtle lesions that could be examined in detail with narrow band imaging to characterize and target biopsies. This has the potential benefit of reducing the number of random biopsies with a better yield of dysplasia. Confocal endomicroscopy provides "optical biopsies" and is a valuable tool in targeting biopsies to improve dysplasia detection; however, this is technically challenging. Fuji intelligent chromoendoscopy and I-Scan are recent additions to the imaging armamentarium that have produced notable early results. While all these additional new imaging techniques are promising, a thorough examination by high resolution white light endoscopy after clearing the mucosa with mucolytics should be the minimum standard to improve dysplasia detection during Barrett’s surveillance.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Endoscopy Autofluorescence imaging Narrowband imaging Early diagnosis of cancer

Successful surgical management of ruptured umbilical hernias in cirrhotic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第10期21卷 3109-3113页

作者： Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias J Andrew Bradley Simon Harper Andrew Butler Asif Jah Emmanuel Huguet Raaj K Praseedom Michael Allison Paul Gibbs Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery Addenbrooke’s Hospital nihr cambridge biomedical research centre Department of Hepatology Addenbrooke’s Hospital

Acute umbilical hernia rupture in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and ascites is an unusual,but potentially lifethreatening complication,with postoperative morbidity about 70% and mortality between 60%-80% after supportive care and 6%-20% after urgent surgical *** options include primary surgical repair with or without concomitant portal venous system decompression for the control of the *** present a retrospective analysis of our centre's experience over the last 6 *** cohort consisted of 11 consecutive patients(median age:53 years,range:36-63 years) with advanced hepatic cirrhosis and refractory *** patient resuscitation and optimisation with intravenous fluids,prophylactic antibiotics and local measures was *** failed attempt for conservative management was followed by a successful primary *** all cases,with one exception,a primary repair with non-absorbable Nylon,interrupted sutures,without mesh,was *** perioperative complication rate was 25% and the recurrence rate 8.3%.No mortality was *** length of hospital stay was 14 d(range:4-31 d).Based on our experience,the management of ruptured umbilical hernias in patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis and refractory ascites is feasible without the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt routinely in the preoperative period,provided that meticulous patient optimisation is performed.

关键词： Umbilical hernia Rupture Cirrhosis Ascites Transju

Proteostasis failure:at the intersection between aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3221-3222页

作者： Natalia Poblete Claudio Hetz Center for Geroscience Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile biomedical Neuroscience Institute Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology Institute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Buck Institute for research on Aging NovatoCAUSA

Lifestyle and demographics of the world's population are causing serious health problems impacting the brain,increasing the incidence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)and other types of *** we have gained important insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of AD,only palliative care is available to *** is characterized by the abnormal deposition of protein aggregates in the brain formed by amyloid β and hyper-phosphorylated,Tau in addition to neuroinflammation.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid stasis