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Challenges of deep-sea biodiversity assessments in the Southern Ocean

Advances in Polar Science 2014年第3期25卷 204-212页

作者： Angelika Brandt Huw Griffi ths Julian Gutt Katrin Linse Stefano Schiaparelli Tosca Ballerini Bruno Danis Olaf Pfannkuche Zoological Institute and Zoological Museum Biocenter Grindel University of Hamburg Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3Hamburg D-20146 Germany british antarctic survey High Cross Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ET UK Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Am Alten Hafen 26 Bremerhaven D-27568 Germany Di.S.T.A.V. Università di Genova C.so Europa 26 I-16132 Genova Italy & Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA)Viale Benedetto XV N° 5 Genova I-16132 Italy Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) Aix-Marseille Université Université de Toulon CNRS/INSU IRD MIOUM 110 13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France Université de Toulon Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/INSU IRD MIO UM 110 La Garde Cedex 83957 France Marine Biology Laboratory Université Libre de Bruxelles 50 Avenue FD Roosevelt Brussels B-1050 Belgium GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel Wischhofstr. 1-3 Geb. 14 Kiel 24148 Germany

Despite recent progress in deep-sea biodiversity assessments in the Southern Ocean （SO）, there remain gaps in our knowledge that hamper efficient deep-sea monitoring in times of rapid climate change. These include geographical sampling bias, depth and size-dependent faunal gaps in biology, ecology, distribution, and phylogeography, and the evolution of SO species. The phenomena of species patchiness and rarity are still not well understood, possibly because of our limited understanding of physiological adaptations and thresholds. Even though some shallow water species have been investigated physiologically, community-scale studies on the effects of multiple stressors related to ongoing environmental change, including temperature rise, ocean acidification, and shifts in deposition of phytoplankton, are completely unknown for deep-sea organisms. Thus, the establishment of long-term and coordinated monitoring programs, such as those rapidly growing under the umbrella of the Southern Ocean Observing System （SOOS） or the Deep Ocean Observing Strategy （DOOS）, may represent unique tools for measuring the status and trends of deep-sea and SO ecosystems.

关键词： biodiversity assessment Southern Ocean deep sea gaps limits monitoring

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植被模型研究进展与展望

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第9期54卷 2762-2782页

作者：李思其张旭陆正遥倪健吕建华中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室古生态与人类适应团队北京100101 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049 british antarctic survey CambridgeCB30ETUnited Kingdom Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden 浙江师范大学生命科学学院金华321004 中山大学大气科学学院广东省南方海洋科学与工程重点实验室珠海519082

陆地植被是地球系统的重要组成部分,其变化既是气候变化最鲜明的反应和标志之一,又通过能量、水分和二氧化碳的交换对气候系统内部产生重要的反馈.为了定量且机理性地研究植被与气候之间的双向反馈,植被模型得以迅速发展.植被模型以植... 详细信息

陆地植被是地球系统的重要组成部分,其变化既是气候变化最鲜明的反应和标志之一,又通过能量、水分和二氧化碳的交换对气候系统内部产生重要的反馈.为了定量且机理性地研究植被与气候之间的双向反馈,植被模型得以迅速发展.植被模型以植物功能型的生态生理限定性为理论基础,通过将植被按照植物功能型及其关联的环境因子归并到生物群区,模拟它在不同时空尺度上的分布和演替,并进而深入探究陆地碳循环过程.本文回顾植被模型的发展历程,并提出未来发展的建议.在统计模型基础上发展起来的静态植被模型只能模拟植被与气候背景达到平衡状态下的分布特征,而全球动态植被模型(Dynamic Global Vegetation Models, DGVMs)能模拟植被对气候变化的瞬时响应和长期动态变化,并可耦合于地球系统模式中模拟大气-海洋-陆地的相互作用以及地球系统的变化.目前DGVMs应用广泛,主要集中在模拟不同时空尺度陆表植被地理分布格局的动态变化,以及估算陆地碳水通量及土地利用变化的影响等方面.未来植被模型可围绕植被模式层级、古植被瞬变模拟、人类活动的影响和机器学习等方面进行改进与发展.

关键词：植被模型 DGVMs 生态系统植物功能型植物功能性状

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The 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction:Expanding the Platform for Bridging Science and Policy Making

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 224-230页

作者： Andrew Collins Hirokazu Tatano Wilma James Chadia Wannous Kaoru Takara Virginia Murray Charles Scawthorn Jim Mori Sarah Aziz Khalid M.Mosalam Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler Irasema Alcántara-Ayala Elisabeth Krausmann Wei-Sen Li Ana Maria Cruz Subhajyoti Samaddar Tom De Groeve Yuichi Ono Kelvin Berryman Koji Suzuki Mark Ashley Parry Peter McGowran John G.Rees Department of Geography/Disaster and Development Network (DDN) Northumbria University Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto University United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) Public Health England United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) Scientific and Technical Advisory Group and Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) Scientific Committee Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) University of CaliforniaBerkeley Centre for Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pacific Earthquake Engineering CenterUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeley International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) APEC Emergency Preparedness Capacity Building Center (EPCC) International Research Institute of Disaster Science Tohoku University Natural Hazards Division GNS Science National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) british Geological survey and Research Councils UK

The Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes held its 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Japan,19–21 March,*** Global Alliance seeks to contribute to enhancing disaster risk reduction(DRR) and disaster resilience through the collaboration of research organizations around the *** summit aim was to expand the platform for bridging science and policy making by evaluating the evidence base needed to meet the expected outcomes and actions of the Sendai Framework for Disaster RiskReduction 2015–2030 and its Science and Technology *** summit reflected the international nature of collaborative research and action.A pre-conference questionnaire filled out by Global Alliance members identified323 research projects that are indicative of current *** were categorized to support seven parallel discussion sessions related to the Sendai Framework priorities for *** discussion sessions focused on research that aims to deepen the understanding of disaster *** cross-cutting sessions focused on research that is aimed at the priorities for action on governance,resilience,and *** summaries were presentedin plenary sessions in support of outcomes for widely enhancing the science and policy of DRR.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction research GADRI global summit Policy Science

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Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： J.A.Carter M.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.Milan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck M.Connors T.Yeoman X.Tan M.G.G.T.Taylor K.McWilliams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham A.Dimmock M.P.Freeman D.-S.Han M.D.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-J.Hu M.K.James L.Juusola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg M.Lester J.Manuel J.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang J.Weygand J.Wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Department of Space and Climate Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 british antarctic survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Campus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongji University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasma Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Finland Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern Hemisphere *** these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE ***,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online SMILE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community.

关键词： magnetosphere ionosphere magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE conjunctions missions

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The Global Soil Mycobiome consortium dataset for boosting fungal diversity research

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第6期111卷 573-588页

作者： Leho Tedersoo Vladimir Mikryukov Sten Anslan Mohammad Bahram Abdul Nasir Khalid Adriana Corrales Ahto Agan Aída-M.Vasco-Palacios Alessandro Saitta Alexandre Antonelli Andrea C.Rinaldi Annemieke Verbeken Bobby P.Sulistyo Boris Tamgnoue Brendan Furneaux Camila Duarte Ritter Casper Nyamukondiwa Cathy Sharp César Marín D.Q.Dai Daniyal Gohar Dipon Sharmah Elisabeth Machteld Biersma Erin K.Cameron Eske De Crop Eveli Otsing Evgeny A.Davydov Felipe E.Albornoz Francis Q.Brearley Franz Buegger Genevieve Gates Geoffrey Zahn Gregory Bonito Indrek Hiiesalu Inga Hiiesalu Irma Zettur Isabel C.Barrio Jaan Pärn Jacob Heilmann-Clausen Jelena Ankuda John Y.Kupagme Joosep Sarapuu Jose G.Maciá-Vicente Joseph Djeugap Fovo József Geml Juha M.Alatalo Julieta Alvarez-Manjarrez Jutamart Monkai Kadri Põldmaa Kadri Runnel Kalev Adamson Kari A.Bråthen Karin Pritsch Kassim I.Tchan Kęstutis Armolaitis Kevin D.Hyde Kevin K.Newsham Kristel Panksep Lateef A.Adebola Louis J.Lamit Malka Saba Marcela Eda Silva Cáceres Maria Tuomi Marieka Gryzenhout Marijn Bauters Miklós Bálint Nalin Wijayawardene Niloufar Hagh-Doust Nourou S.Yorou Olavi Kurina Peter E.Mortimer Peter Meidl RHenrik Nilsson Rasmus Puusepp Rebeca Casique-Valdés Rein Drenkhan Roberto Garibay-Orijel Roberto Godoy Saleh Alfarraj Saleh Rahimlou Sergei Põlme Sergey V.Dudov Sunil Mundra Talaat Ahmed Tarquin Netherway Terry W.Henkel Tomas Roslin Vladimir E.Fedosov Vladimir G.Onipchenko WAErandi Yasanthika Young Woon Lim Meike Piepenbring Darta Klavina Urmas Kõljalg Kessy Abarenkov Mycology and Microbiology Center University of TartuTartuEstonia Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences TartuEstonia Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden Department of Botany University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR(CIMBIUR) Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad del RosarioBogotáColombia Grupo de Microbiología Ambiental y BioMicro Escuela de MicrobiologíaUniversidad de Antioquia UdeAMedellínColombia Department of Agricultural Food and Forest SciencesUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly Royal Botanic Gardens SurreyUK Department of Biomedical Sciences University of CagliariCagliariItaly Research Group Mycology Department of BiologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Department of Biomedicine Indonesia International Institute for Life SciencesJakartaIndonesia Plant Pathology and Agricultural Zoology Research Unit Department of Plant ProtectionFaculty of Agronomy and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of DschangDschangCameroon Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Eukaryotic Microbiology University of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyPalapyeBotswana Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe BulawayoZimbabwe Institute of Botany Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Botany Jawaharlal Nehru Rajkeeya MahavidyalayaPondicherry UniversityPort BlairIndia british antarctic survey NERCCambridgeUK Natural History Museum of Denmark University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Environmental Science Saint Mary’s UniversityHalifaxNSCanada Altai State University BarnaulRussia CSIRO Land and Water WembleyWAAustralia Department of N

Fungi are highly important biotic components of terrestrial ecosystems,but we still have a very limited understanding about their diversity and *** data article releases a global soil fungal dataset of the Global Soil Mycobiome consortium(GSMc)to boost further research in fungal diversity,biogeography and *** dataset comprises 722,682 fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs)derived from PacBio sequencing of full-length ITS and 18S-V9 variable regions from 3200 plots in 108 countries on all *** plots are supplied with geographical and edaphic *** OTUs are taxonomically and functionally assigned to guilds and other functional *** entire dataset has been corrected by excluding chimeras,index-switch artefacts and potential *** dataset is more inclusive in terms of geographical breadth and phylogenetic diversity of fungi than previously published *** GSMc dataset is available over the PlutoF repository.

关键词： Soil fungi Global dataset PacBio sequencing Fungal richness

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