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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期42卷 432-453页

作者： Mahboub Baccouch Department of Mathematics University of Nebraska at OmahaOmaha NE 68182USA

In this paper,we develop and analyze a finite difference method for linear second-order stochastic boundary-value problems(SBVPs)driven by additive white *** we regularize the noise by the Wong-Zakai approximation and introduce a sequence of linear second-order *** prove that the solution of the SBVP with regularized noise converges to the solution of the original SBVP with convergence order O(h)in the meansquare *** obtain a numerical solution,we apply the finite difference method to the stochastic BVP whose noise is piecewise constant approximation of the original *** approximate SBVP with regularized noise is shown to have better regularity than the original problem,which facilitates the convergence proof for the proposed *** analysis is presented based on the standard finite difference method for deterministic *** specifically,we prove that the finite difference solution converges at O(h)in the mean-square sense,when the second-order accurate three-point formulas to approximate the first and second derivatives are ***,we present several numerical examples to validate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed scheme.

关键词： Boundary-value problems Finite-difference method Additive white noise Wiener process Mean-square convergence Wong-Zakai approximation

Honey vesicle-like nanoparticles protect aged liver from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3661-3679页

作者： Baolong Liu Phuong Linh Nguyen Han Yu Xingzhi Li Huiren Wang Tram Gia Bao Nguyen Prakash Kumar Sahoo Meghna Sur Jay Reddy Sarah Sillman Stephen D.Kachman Bara Altartouri Guoqing Lu Sathish Kumar Natarajan Mahesh Pattabiraman Jiujiu Yu Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Department of Nutrition Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Department of Statistics University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Center for Biotechnology University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Biology University of Nebraska OmahaOmahaNE 68182USA Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-KearneyKearneyNE 68849USA

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),an advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),has emerged as the leading cause of liver failure and related ***,no medication is specifically approved to treat NAFLD or *** we report that oral administration of honey vesiclelike nanoparticles(H-VLNs)to naturally aged mice protects the liver from NASH development.H-VLNs are dominantly taken up by Kupffer cells in the liver and suppress hepatic chronic inflammation and further development of fibrosis and nodule formation in aged *** their reported antiinflammasome function,H-VLNs are found to inhibit the transcriptional activities of C-JUN and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB).MicroRNAs miR5119 and miR5108 and phenolic compound luteolin in H-VLNs are identified in suppressing both the C-JUN and NF-kB ***,oral intake of H-VLNs represents a promising new user-friendly modality to prevent the development of NASH.

关键词： Honey Extracellular vesicles Exosomes Nanoparticles microRNAs Aging Inflammation Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Spark plasma sintering of tungsten-based WTaVCr refractory high entropy alloys for nuclear fusion applications

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 146-154页

作者： Yongchul Yoo Xiang Zhang Fei Wang Xin Chen Xing-Zhong Li Michael Nastasi Bai Cui Department of Mechanical&Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Nuclear Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

W-based WTaVCr refractory high entropy alloys (RHEA) may be novel and promising candidate materials for plasma facing components in the first wall and diverter in fusion reactors. This alloy has been developed by a powder metallurgy process combining mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The SPSed samples contained two phases, in which the matrix is RHEA with a body-centered cubic structure, while the oxide phase was most likely Ta2VO6through a combined analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD),energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The higher oxygen affinity of Ta and V may explain the preferential formation of their oxide phases based on thermodynamic calculations. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) revealed an average grain size of 6.2μm. WTaVCr RHEA showed a peak compressive strength of 2997 MPa at room temperature and much higher micro-and nano-hardness than W and other W-based RHEAs in the literature. Their high Rockwell hardness can be retained to at least 1000°C.

关键词： refractory high entropy alloy plasma-facing material fusion reactor spark plasma sintering

Approximately Bi-Similar Symbolic Model for Discretetime Interconnected Switched System

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第10期11卷 2185-2187页

作者： Yang Song Yongzhuang Liu Wanqing Zhao School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Computing Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE45TGUK

Dear Editor,This letter concerns the development of approximately bi-similar symbolic models for a discrete-time interconnected switched system(DT-ISS).The DT-ISS under consideration is formed by connecting multiple switched systems known as component switched systems(CSSs).Although the problem of constructing approximately bi-similar symbolic models for DT-ISS has been addressed in some literature,the previous works have relied on the assumption that all the subsystems of CSSs are incrementally input-state stable.

关键词： approximate symbolic connected

TrG2P:A transfer-learning-based tool integrating multi-trait data for accurate prediction of crop yield

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Plant Communications 2024年第7期5卷 16-27页

作者： Jinlong Li Dongfeng Zhang Feng Yang Qiusi Zhang Shouhui Pan Xiangyu Zhao Qi Zhang Yanyun Han Jinliang Yang Kaiyi Wang Chunjiang Zhao Information Technology Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture Beijing 100097China Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Center for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA These authors contributed equally to this article

Yield prediction is the primary goal of genomic selection(GS)-assisted crop *** yield is a complex quantitative trait,making predictions from genotypic data is *** learning can produce an effective model for a target task by leveraging knowledge from a different,but related,source domain and is considered a great potential method for improving yield prediction by integrating multi-trait ***,it has not previously been applied to genotype-to-phenotype prediction owing to the lack of an efficient implementation *** therefore developed TrG2P,a transfer-learning-based ***2P first employs convolutional neural networks(CNN)to train models using non-yield-trait phenotypic and genotypic data,thus obtaining pre-trained ***,the convolutional layer parameters from these pre-trained models are transferred to the yield prediction task,and the fully connected layers are retrained,thus obtaining fine-tuned ***,the convolutional layer and the first fully connected layer of the fine-tuned models are fused,and the last fully connected layer is trained to enhance prediction *** applied TrG2P to five sets of genotypic and phenotypic data from maize(Zea mays),rice(Oryza sativa),and wheat(Triticum aestivum)and compared its model precision to that of seven other popular GS tools:ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction(rrBLUP),random forest,support vector regression,light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),CNN,DeepGS,and deep neural network for genomic prediction(DNNGP).TrG2P improved the accuracy of yield prediction by 39.9%,6.8%,and 1.8%in rice,maize,and wheat,respectively,compared with predictions generated by the best-performing comparison *** work therefore demonstrates that transfer learning is an effective strategy for improving yield prediction by integrating information from non-yield-trait *** attribute its enhanced prediction accuracy to the valuable information ava

关键词： crop genotype to phenotype transfer learning yield prediction multi-trait

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty vs high tibial osteotomy for knee osteoarthritis:A comparison of clinical and radiological outcomes

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 444-456页

作者： Frederick William Wyatt Oday Al-Dadah Translational and Clinical Research Institute Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE24HHUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery South Tyneside District HospitalSouth Shields NE340PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)and high tibial osteotomy(HTO)are well-established operative interventions in the treatment of knee ***,which intervention is more beneficial to patients with knee osteoarthritis remains unknown and a topic of much ***,there is a paucity of research assessing the relationship between radiographic parameters of knee joint alignment and patient-reported clinical outcomes,preoperatively and following HTO or *** To compare UKAs and HTOs as interventions for medial-compartment knee osteoarthritis:Examining differences in clinical outcome and investigating the relationship of joint alignment with respect to *** This longitudinal observational study assessed a total of 42 patients that had undergone UKA(n=23)and HTO(n=19)to treat medial compartment knee ***-reported outcome measures(PROMs)were collected to evaluate clinical *** included two disease-specific(Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score,Oxford Knee Score)and two generic(EQ-5D-5L,Short Form-12)*** radiographic parameters of knee alignment assessed were the:Hip-knee-ankle angle,mechanical axis deviation and angle of Mikulicz *** Statistical analyses demonstrated significant(Pne with worse knee function and overall health preoperatively(Pnee joint alignment parameters(hip-knee-ankle angle,mechanical axis deviation)within the HTO group;yet no such associations were observed within the UKA *** UKAs and HTOs are both efficacious operations that provide a comp

关键词： Arthroplasty Osteotomy Medial compartment Osteoarthritis Knee alignment Patient reported outcome measures

Adding Value to Crop Production Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchell Daren D. Redfearn Kenneth P. Vogel Terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen Baenziger Bruce E. Anderson Mary E. Drewnoski Jay Parsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) performance was compared in the spring following autumn establishment as for age cover crops after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following spring near Ithaca, ne, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. In 2005, average daily gain (ADG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the ADG for wheat by 0.31 kghd-1d-1. In 2006, wheat ADG exceeded that for triticale by 0.12 kghd-1d-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghd-1d-1. Based on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could be viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. Based on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and likely will provide the most stable beef yearling performance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soybean Triticale Wheat

Influence of ambient water coloration on habitat and conspecific choice in the female Lake Malawi cichlid, Metriaclima zebra

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 214-224页

作者： Noori Choj Nicolas Mathevon Eileen A.Hebets Marilyn Beauchaud School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNEUSA EneS Bioacoustics Research Laboratory CRNLCNRSInsermUniversite de Saint-EtienneSaint-EtienneFrance Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior KonstanzGerman

Female cichlid fish living in African great lakes are known to have sensory systems that are adapted to ambient light *** sen-sory system adaptations are hypothesized to have influenced the evolution of the diverse male nuptial *** rock-dwelling Lake Malawi mbuna cichlids,however,the extent to which ambient light environments influence female sensory systems and potentially associated male nuptial coloration remains ***,the ubiquitous blue flank coloration and UV reflection of male mbuna cichlids suggest the potential impacts of the blue-shifted ambient light environment on these cichlid's visual perception and male nuptial coloration in the shallow water depth in Lake *** the present study,we explored whether and how the sensory bias of females influences intersexual communication in the mbuna cichlid,Metriaclima zebra.A series of choice experiments in various light environments showed that *** females (1)have a pref-erence for the blue-shifted light environment,(2)prefer to interact with males in blue-shifted light environments,(3)do not show a preference between dominant and subordinate males in full-spectrum,long-wavelength filtered,and short-wavelength filtered light environments,and (4)show a"reversed"preference for subordinate males in the UV-filtered light *** results suggest that the visual perception of *** females may be biased to the ambient light spectra in their natural habitat by local adaptation and that this sensory bias may influence the evolution of blueand UV reflectivepatterns in male nuptial coloration.

关键词： ambient light environment Lake Malawi male coloration mbuna cichlids Metriaclima zebra sensory bias UV coloration UV perception visual communication.

Breaking the in-coupling efficiency limit in waveguide-based AR displays with polarization volume gratings

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1919-1930页

作者： Yuqiang Ding Yuchen Gu Qian Yang Zhiyong Yang Yuge Huang Yishi Weng Yuning Zhang Shin-Tson Wu College of Optics and Photonics University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Meta Reality Labs Research 9845 Willows Road NERedmondWA 98052USA

Augmented reality(AR)displays,heralded as the next-generation platform for spatial computing,metaverse,and digital twins,empower users to perceive digital images overlaid with real-world environment,fostering a deeper level of human-digital *** the rapid evolution of couplers,waveguide-based AR displays have streamlined the entire system,boasting a slim form factor and high optical ***,challenges persist in the waveguide combiner,including low optical efficiency and poor image uniformity,significantly hindering the long-term usage and user *** this paper,we first analyze the root causes of the low optical efficiency and poor uniformity in waveguide-based AR *** then discover and elucidate an anomalous polarization conversion phenomenon inherent to polarization volume gratings(PVGs)when the incident light direction does not satisfy the Bragg *** new property is effectively leveraged to circumvent the tradeoff between in-coupling efficiency and eyebox *** feasibility demonstration experiments,we measure the light leakage in multiple PVGs with varying thicknesses using a laser source and a liquid-crystal-on-silicon light *** experiment corroborates the polarization conversion phenomenon,and the results align with simulation *** explore the potential of such a polarization conversion phenomenon further,we design and simulate a waveguide display with a 50°field of *** achieving first-order polarization conversion in a PVG,the in-coupling efficiency and uniformity are improved by 2 times and 2.3 times,respectively,compared to conventional *** groundbreaking discovery holds immense potential for revolutionizing next-generation waveguide-based AR displays,promising a higher efficiency and superior image uniformity.

关键词： polarization waveguide coupling

Erratum to “Plant Defense against necrotrophic Pathogens” [American Journal of Plant Sciences 11(12) (2020) 2122-2138]

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 122-138页

作者： Mahmoud H. Ghozlan Nikita Gambhir Eman EL-Argawy Serkan Tokgöz Dilip K. Lakshman Amitava Mitra university of nebraska Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Beltsville MD USA

The original online version of this article (Ghozlan, M.H., EL-Argawy, E., Tokgöz, S., Lakshman, D.K. and Mitra, A. (2020) Plant Defense against necrotrophic Pathogens. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 11, 2122-2138. https://***/10.4236/ajps.2020.1112149) was published mistakenly without another co-author, Nikita Gambhir. In this regard, we revise authors and “how to cite” sections by adding her name.

关键词： Effectors Host Immunity Signaling P/MAMP ETI Disease Resistance