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Quantifying the relative importance of direct and indirect effects influencing bird nestling growth

Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 408-419页

作者： Luciano n.SEGURA Facundo X.PALACIO División Zoología Vertebrados Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoUniversidad Nacional de La PlataBuenos AiresArgentina

nestling growth parameters are integral components of avian life-history strategies as they are crucial determinants of individual *** many factors impact on nestling growth,the relative contribution of each one is still debated in the *** studies rely on the assumption that each factor directly affects nestling growth,but indirect effects mediated by other factors are usually the rule in *** this study,we present a comprehensive view of both direct and indirect factors affecting nestling growth using the Red-crested Cardinal(Paroaria coronata)as model *** evaluated the relative importance of different habitat(forest structure),biotic interactions(botfly larvae ectoparasitism,number of siblings,hatching order),and temporal factors(time of breeding)on nestling growth parameters in 278 nestlings of 128 nests by using piecewise structural equation *** found that botfly ectoparasitism had the strongest direct effect on nestling growth and,in turn,forest structure increased the probability of botfly ***,the interaction between the number of siblings and hatching order influenced nestling growth,indicating that the first and second nestlings had disproportionately higher growth rates in large than in small *** of breeding also showed a strong positive indirect effect on botfly occurrence,as well as a weak direct positive effect on nestling *** results demonstrate that,under natural conditions,nestling growth is driven by different factors acting not only directly,but also indirectly on this essential life history trait,and that these factors weave a complex web of interrelated variables.

关键词： biotic interactions forest structure Red-crested Cardinal structural equation models time of breeding

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Phylogenetic framework for coevolutionary studies： a compass for exploring jungles of tangled trees

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Current Zoology 2016年第4期62卷 393-403页

作者： Andres MARTinEZ-AQUInO Division Zoologfa Invertebrados Museo de La Plata FCNyM UNLP Paseo del Bosque s/n 1900 La Plata Argentina

Phylogenetics is used to detect past evolutionary events, from how species originated to how their ecological interactions with other species arose, which can mirror cophylogenetic patterns. Cophylogenetic reconstructions uncover past ecological relationships between taxa through inferred coevolutionary events on trees, for example, codivergence, duplication, host-switching, and loss. These events can be detected by cophylogenetic analyses based on nodes and the length and branching pattern of the phylogenetic trees of symbiotic associations, for example, host-parasite. In the past 2 decades, algorithms have been developed for cophylogetenic analyses and implemented in different software, for ex ample, statistical congruence index and event-based methods. Based on the combination of these approaches, it is possible to integrate temporal information into cophylogenetical inference, such as es- timates of lineage divergence times between 2 taxa, for example, hosts and parasites. Additionally, the advances in phylogenetic biogeography applying methods based on parametric process models and combined Bayesian approaches, can be useful for interpreting coevolutionary histories in a scenario of biogeographical area connectivity through time. This article briefly reviews the basics of parasitology and provides an overview of software packages in cophylogenetic methods. Thus, the objective here is to present a phylogenetic framework for coevolutionary studies, with special emphasis on groups of parasitic organisms. Researchers wishing to undertake phylogeny-based coevolutionary studies can use this review as a ＂compass＂ when ＂walking＂ through jungles of tangled phylogenetic trees.

关键词： coevolution cophylogenetic analyses host-parasite molecular systematics parametric biogeography symbiosis.

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The marine Jurassic of Argentina： a biostratigraphic framework

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Episodes 2008年第3期31卷 326-335页

作者： Alberto C. Riccardi Facultad de Cieneias naturales y museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata Paseo del Bosque s/n 1900 La Plata Argentina

In Argentina the best and most complete marine Juras- sic succession is exposed between 32° and 39° S, along a n-S belt roughly coincident with the border with Chile. Here all stages, except the Kimmeridgian, are represented by marine facies. Ammonites have provided a biostratigraphic framework to date and correlate lithostratigraphic units and sequences, to reconstruct the history of the marine fill, and allow the development of other palaeontological and geological studies. Recent studies on the systematics and/or biostratigra- phy of Andean ammonites have provided the basis for the presentation of a summary of the 45 ammonite zones of the Jurassic of west-central Argentina and to stress its significance in reconstructing the palaeogeographic evolution of that region.

关键词：侏罗纪海洋阿根廷生物地层学

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Antarctic Paleontological Heritage:Late Cretaceous–Paleogene vertebrates from Seymour(Marambio)Island,Antarctic Peninsula

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Advances in Polar Science 2019年第3期30卷 328-355页

作者： Marcelo A.REGUERO Instituto Antártico Argentino División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata Paseo del Bosque s/n Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (COnICET)

Antarctica has significant environmental,scientific,historic,and intrinsic values,all of which are worth protecting into the *** continent has a discrete number of places of scientific interest that exhibit great potential as natural heritage sites;its geodiversity is of fundamental importance to scientific values of the continent,and the pursuit of geological and paleontological knowledge has had a strong influence on its historical *** Island was once called the‘Rosetta Stone’of Southern Hemisphere paleobiology,because this small island provides the most complete and richly fossiliferous Late Cretaceous–Paleogene sequence in *** particular,fossil vertebrates form part of the evidence used in reconstructing the history of life on *** heritage is considered a subset of geo-heritage that embodies both natural and historical components which has received only indirect *** Island is an outstanding paleontological area with high heritage value of its Late Cretaceous/Paleogene vertebrates and should be considered for geo-conservation and *** paper reviews vertebrate fossil occurrences and outcrops on Seymour Island and discusses some threats to these fossil sites.

关键词： fossil vertebrates geo-heritage geo-conservation Late Cretaceous-Paleogene Seymour Island Antarctica

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Analyses of head and thorax in Eupomphini(Meloidae)suggest that complex behaviors are not associated to changes in general shape

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第5期18卷 949-957页

作者： Mario GOnZÁLEZ-FERREIRO Mario GARCÍA-PARÍS Lucía SAInZ-ESCUdeRO E.Karen LÓPEZ-ESTRADA museo nacional de Ciencias naturales(MnCn-Csic) MadridSpain Real Jardín Botánico(RJB-Csic) MadridSpain

InTRODUCTIOn Evolution of behavioral responses is often dependent on the existence of modified structures that enable the development of the behavioral suite(Kay 1978;Lundrigan 1996;Alfaro et al.2004;Goyens et al.2015;Higham et al.2015;Sharp et al.2018;Schendel et al.2019).Occasionally,structural modifications are so important that a direct link between morphology and behavior can be inferred(Fleagle 1977;Rodman 1979;Losos 1990a;Higham et al.2015).

关键词： enable structural behaviors

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Reassessment of Prejanopterus curvirostris, a Basal Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Spain

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第6期86卷 1389-1401页

作者： Xabier PEREDA-SUBERBIOLA Fabien KnOLL José Ignacio RUIZ-OMEACA Julio COMPAnY Fidel TORCIDA FERnndeZ-BALDOR Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea Facultad de Cienciay TecnologíaDpto.Estratigrafíay Paleontología departamento de Paleobiología Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC museo del Jurásico de Asturias (MUJA) departamento de Geología Universidad de Oviedo departamento de Ingeniería del Terreno Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Colectivo Arqueológico-Paleontológico de Salas (C.A.S.) Museo de Dinosaurios

Prejanopterus curvirostra, from the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja province, was the first pterosaur genus and species described from Spain. The material comprises disarticulated cranial and postcranial remains from several individuals. The fossil-bearing bed is assigned to the lacustrine Leza Formation （eastern Cameros Basin, nW margin of the Iberian Range）. This unit is regarded as either Berriasian-Valanginian or Barremian-Aptian. Prejanopterus curvirostris （specific name emended） was originally diagnosed on the basis of several characters of which the most significant was a lateral curvature of the rostrum. Re-examination of the holotype （rostrum） and paratype （partial rostrum with teeth） indicates that there is no genuine sideways bend of the preserved premaxilla-maxilla segments, but a slight dorsal curvature. Prejanopterus is characterized by a unique combination of characters： an emended diagnosis is provided. In contrast with previous estimates, the wing span of Prejanopterus was probably not much （if ever） in excess of 2 m. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that Prejanopterus is a basal pterodactyloid positioned between Pterodactylus and Cycnorhamphus- Gallodactylus. Prejanopterus represents the first evidence of Pterodactylidae in the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.

关键词： Pterosauria Prejanopterus Leza Formation Early Cretaceous La Rioja Spain

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Coping with drought? The hidden microhabitat selection and underground movements of amphisbaenians under summer drought conditions

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Current Zoology 2024年第5期70卷 647-658页

作者： JoséMartín Gonzalo Rodríguez-Ruiz JoséJavier Cuervo departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias NaturalesCSICMadridSpain

Habitat selection is a dynamic process that depends on many environmental variables that can vary with weather *** is important because,within a context of global change,extreme weather events,such as severe droughts,are predicted to become more *** examined the patterns of microhabitat selection and underground movements(using PIT-tag telemetry)of a strictly fossorial reptile,the north African checkboard amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegmanni,during the summer drought *** aimed to test whether changes in strategies of habitat use and movements could allow this amphisbaenian to cope with unfavorable *** found that during the summer drought period,*** did not use the microhabitats in relationship to their availability,but particularly selected sites with high abundance of rocks but also areas under a high cover of bushes,where environmental conditions were more *** also found,using PIT-tag telemetry,that the numbers of *** individuals located under rocks and their activity(number of days with movements)decreased largely in ***,the animals were not entirely inactive,but,especially males were active below the ground under bushes and made some relatively long underground hidden movements between favorable areas.

关键词： arid environments fossoriality habitat selection movement ecology Trogonophis wiegmanni weather conditions

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Contrasting demographic trends and asymmetric migration rates in a spatially structured amphibian population

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 482-497页

作者： Berta CAPELLÀ-MARZO Gregorio SÁnCHEZ-MOnTES Iñigo MARTÍnEZ-SOLAnO department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Museo Nacional de Ciencias NaturalesCSICMadridSpain

n_(a)tural populations often persist at the landscape scale as metapopulations,with breeding units(subpopulations)experiencing temporal extinction and recolonization *** parameters to forecast population viability in these systems include the ratio of the effective number of breeders(n_(b))to the total number of adults(n_(a))and migration rates among ***,we present the results of a 10-year integrative monitoring program of a metapopulation of the Iberian green frog(Pelophylax perezi)in central *** characterized population dynamics at two main breeding ponds(Gravera and Laguna)using capture-mark-recapture data to estimate n_(a)in each breeding season,and multilocus genotypes to estimate the effective population size(ne),n_(b),individual breeding success,and migration *** ponds experienced population decline after a dry season,with Gravera subsequently recovering and Laguna suffering a bottleneck associated with genetic *** this subpopulation,average allelic richness and private alleles decreased from 2010(10.87 and 1.67,respectively)to 2018(8.0 and 0.20).The n_(b)/n_(a)ratio in Laguna in 2018 was twice as high(0.95)than in Gravera(0.41)or in pre-bottleneck Laguna(0.50),suggesting plasticity or genetic compensation through increased individual breeding *** rates were asymmetric between ponds,with a stronger contribution from Gravera to Laguna(29.9%vs.16.2%in the opposite direction)that may result in a rescue *** study emphasizes the importance of integrative demographic approaches for the monitoring of natural populations based on a better understanding of their spatio-temporal dynamics,which provides valuable information for conservation actions.

关键词： bottleneck capture-mark-recapture genetic monitoring metapopulation n_(b)/n_(a)ratio

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Evolution of Pre-Columbian Metallurgy from the north of Peru Studied with a Portable non-invasive Equipment Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2011年第1期1卷 48-81页

作者： Roberto Cesareo Angel Bustamante D Julio Fabian S Sandra Zambrano A Walter Alva Luis Chero del Carmen Espinoza C Rosendo Rodriguez R Marco Seclen F Fidel Gutierrez V E.B. Ldvano Gonzales A. Marcia A. Rizzutto Enrico Poli Cristiane Calza Marcelino dos Anjos Ricardo T. Lopes Giovanni E. Gigante Gabriel M. Ingo Cristina Riccucci Carlos Elera Izumi Shimada Victor Curay Castillo G and Fabio Lopes Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Universith di Sassari Sassari Italy Universidad nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peri4 museo ＂Tumbas Reales de Sip6n ＂ Lambayeque Perlt Instituto de Fisica Universidade de S6o Paulo SP Brasil Asociaci6n cultural e museo Enrico Poli Lima Peru COPPE Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brasil Dipartimento di Energetica Universith di Roma ＂La Sapienza ＂ Rome Italy lstituto Studio dei Materiali nanostrutturati-CnR Area Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti Rome Italy museo de sic6n Ferrahqfe Perit Istituto nacional de Cultura Piura Peru Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina PR Brasil

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Contributions to the knowledge of Antarctodon sobrali(Mammalia:Astrapotheria)from the Eocene of Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 48-62页

作者： Javier n.GELFO Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicasy Técnicas(COnICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La PlataFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La PlataUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina

The Astrapotheria constitutes one of the five orders of extinct South American native ungulates,with a fossil record that also extends to the Eocene of the Antarctic *** contrast to the abundant specimens known for litoptern Sparnotheriodontidae and metatherians,astrapotheres are represented by scant remains assigned to the endemic Antarctodon sobrali and indeterminate astrapotheres,restricted to levels 35C_(u0)and 35n of the Cucullaea I Allomember of the La Meseta *** discovery of alower molar assignable to this species in the Eocene levels of Seymour(Marambio)Island,enables a revision of the diagnosis and the homologies of the dental characters used to describe this taxon.A reanalysis of its phylogenetic relationships reveals the nearly simultaneous presence of basal astrapotheres in the early Eocene of Itaboraí(Brazil),Patagonia,and West *** taxa are characterized by lacking dental specializations usually associated with more abrasive diets like terminal forms of Uruguaytheriinae and *** appears to have thrived on the Antarctic continent during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum within the paleoclimatic context of a hot-house *** present conditions in Antarctica where no terrestrial mammals inhabit,the early Eocene climate was characterized by warmer temperatures and a biologically diverse environment rich in primary producers,dominated by nothofagus forests,encompassing both deciduous and evergreen forests,which supported a diverse assemblage of continental vertebrates.

关键词： Astrapotheria Antarctodon Eocene Seymour Island La Meseta Formation

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