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Adiponectin signalling in bone homeostasis,with age and in disease

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Bone research 2021年第1期9卷 15-25页

作者： Jonathan W.Lewis James R.Edwards Amy J.Naylor Helen M.McGettrick Rheumatology research group Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Ageing&Regeneration research group Botnar Research CentreUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37LDUK

Adiponectin is the most abundant circulating adipokine and is primarily involved in glucose metabolism and insulin *** the bone,osteoblasts and osteoclasts express the adiponectin receptors,however,there are conflicting reports on the effects of adiponectin on bone formation and *** studies have shown a pro-osteogenic role for adiponectin in in vivo murine models and in vitro:with increased osteoblast differentiation and activity,alongside lower levels of ***,human studies often demonstrate an inverse relationship between adiponectin concentration and bone ***,the presence of multiple isoforms of adiponectin and multiple receptor subtypes has the potential to lead to more complex signalling and functional *** such,we still do not fully understand the importance of the adiponectin signalling pathway in regulating bone homeostasis and repair in health,with age and in *** this review,we explore our current understanding of adiponectin bioactivity in the bone;the significance of its different isoforms;and how adiponectin biology is altered in ***,furthering our understanding of adiponectin regulation of bone biology is key to developing pharmacological and non-pharmacological(lifestyle)interventions that target adiponectin signalling to boost bone growth and repair in healthy ageing,following injury or in disease.

关键词： homeostasis metabolism consequences

Preprocessing of 2-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Images Applied to Proteomic Analysis： A Review

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第1期16卷 63-72页

作者： Manuel Mauricio Goez Maria Constanza Torres-Madronero Sarah Rothlisberger Edilson Delgado-Trejos Automatics Electronics and Computer Science Research Group Faculty of Engineering Instituto Tecnologico Metropolitano Medellin 050012 Colombia Biomedical Innovation and research group Faculty of Applied and Exact Sciences lnstituto Tecnologico Metropolitano Medellin 050012 Colombia Quality Metrology and Production Research Group Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences Instituto Tecnologico Metropolitano Medellin 050012 Colombia

Various methods and specialized software programs are available for processing two- dimensional gel electrophoresis （2-DGE） images. However, due to the anomalies present in these images, a reliable, automated, and highly reproducible system for 2-DGE image analysis has still not been achieved. The most common anomalies found in 2-DGE images include vertical and hor- izontal streaking, fuzzy spots, and background noise, which greatly complicate computational anal- ysis. In this paper, we review the preprocessing techniques applied to 2-DGE images for noise reduction, intensity normalization, and background correction. We also present a quantitative comparison of non-linear filtering techniques applied to synthetic gel images, through analyzing the performance of the filters under specific conditions. Synthetic proteins were modeled into a two-dimensional Gaussian distribution with adjustable parameters for changing the size, intensity, and degradation. Three types of noise were added to the images： Gaussian, Rayleigh, and exponen- tial, with signal-to-noise ratios （SNRs） ranging 8-20 decibels （dB）. We compared the performanceof wavelet, contourlet, total variation （TV）, and wavelet-total variation （WTTV） techniques using parameters SNR and spot efficiency. In terms of spot efficiency, contourlet and TV were more sen- sitive to noise than wavelet and WTTV. Wavelet worked the best for images with SNR ranging 10- 20 dB, whereas WTTV performed better with high noise levels. Wavelet also presented the best per- formance with any level of Gaussian noise and low levels （20-14 dB） of Rayleigh and exponential noise in terms of SNR. Finally, the performance of the non-linear filtering techniques was evaluated using a real 2-DGE image with previously identified proteins marked. Wavelet achieved the best detection rate for the real image.

关键词： Background correction Filtering Noise reduction Preprocessing 2D gel electrophoresis

Identific tion of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for pregnancy success in Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 162-170页

作者： Quinn A.Hoorn Gabriel A.Zayas Eduardo E.Rodriguez Laura M.Jensen Raluca G.Mateescu Peter J.Hansen Department of Animal Sciences Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Programand the Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia

Background In beef cattle, more than 50% of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is consumed by the female that produced the calf. Development of genomic tools to identify females with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increase the profitability and sustainability of beef *** Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) were performed using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits from a population of Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers. Furthermore, a validation GWAS was performed using data from another farm. Heifers were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains 221,077 SNPs. In the discovery population, heifers were bred in winter breeding seasons involving a single round of timed artificial insemination(AI) followed by natural mating for 3 months. Two phenotypes were analyzed: pregnancy outcome to first-service AI(PAI;n = 1,481) and pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season(PEBS;n = 1,725). The heritability was estimated as 0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PEBS, respectively. In the PAI model, one quantitative trait locus(QTL), located between 52.3 and 52.5 Mb on BTA7, explained about 3% of the genetic variation, in a region containing a cluster of γ-protocadherin genes and SLC25A2. Other QTLs explaining between 0.5% and 1% of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25. In the PEBS model, a large QTL on BTA7 was synonymous with the QTL for PAI, with minor QTLs located on BTA5, 9, 10, 11, 19, and 20. The validation population for pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season were Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers bred by natural mating. In concordance with the discovery population, the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs on BTA10 and 12 were *** In summary, QTLs and candidate SNPs identified were associated with pregnancy outcomes in beef heifers, including a large QTL associated with a group of protocadherin genes. Confirmation of these associations

关键词： Beef cattle Fertility GWAS QTL

Remote control of the recruitment and capture of endogenous stem cells by ultrasound for in situ repair of bone defects

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 223-238页

作者： Yanni He Fei Li Peng Jiang Feiyan Cai Qin Lin Meijun Zhou Hongmei Liu Fei Yan Department of Ultrasound Institute of Ultrasound in Musculoskeletal Sports MedicineGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhou510317PR China The Second School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China Paul C.Lauterbur research Center for Biomedical imaging Institute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055People’s Republic of China Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055People’s Republic of China

Stem cell-based tissue engineering has provided a promising platform for repairing of bone ***,the use of exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)still faces many challenges such as limited sources and potential *** is important to develop new approach to effectively recruit endogenous BMSCs and capture them for in situ bone ***,we designed an acoustically responsive scaffold(ARS)and embedded it into SDF-1/BMP-2 loaded hydrogel to obtain biomimetic hydrogel scaffold complexes(BSC).The SDF-1/BMP-2 cytokines can be released on demand from the BSC implanted into the defected bone via pulsed ultrasound(p-US)irradiation at optimized acoustic parameters,recruiting the endogenous BMSCs to the bone defected or BSC *** by the daily p-US irradiation for 14 days,the alginate hydrogel was degraded,resulting in the exposure of ARS to these recruited host stem *** another set of sinusoidal continuous wave ultrasound(s-US)irradiation was applied to excite the ARS intrinsic resonance,forming highly localized acoustic field around its surface and generating enhanced acoustic trapping force,by which these recruited endogenous stem cells would be captured on the scaffold,greatly promoting them to adhesively grow for in situ bone tissue *** study provides a novel and effective strategy for in situ bone defect repairing through acoustically manipulating endogenous BMSCs.

关键词： Acoustically responsive scaffolds Biomimetic hydrogel scaffold complexes Endogenous stem cells Acoustic radiation force Bone defect repairing

Platelet-rich plasma for regeneration of neural feedback pathways around dental implants: a concise review and outlook on future possibilities

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第1期9卷 1-9页

作者： Yan Huang Michael M Bornstein Ivo Lambrichts Hai-Yang Yu Constantinus Politis Reinhilde Jacobs OMFS IMPATH research group Department of Imaging and PathologyFaculty of MedicineKU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity Hospitals Leuven State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan University Section of Dental Radiology and Stomatology Department of Oral Surgery and StomatologyUniversity of Bern Applied Oral Sciences Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongPrince Philip Dental Hospital group of Morphology Biomedical Research InstituteHasselt University

Along with the development of new materials, advanced medical imaging and surgical techniques, osseointegrated dental implants are considered a successful and constantly evolving treatment modality for the replacement of missing teeth in patients with complete or partial edentulism. The importance of restoring the peripheral neural feedback pathway and thus repairing the lack of periodontal rnechanoreceptors after tooth extraction has been highlighted in the literature. Nevertheless, regenerating the nerve fibers and reconstructing the neural feedback pathways around osseointegrated implants remain a challenge. Recent studies have provided evidence that platelet-rich plasma （PRP） therapy is a promising treatment for musculoskeletal injuries. Because of its high biological safety, convenience and usability, PRP therapy has gradually gained popularity in the clinical field Although much remains to be learned, the growth factors from PRP might play key roles in peripheral nerve repair mechanisms. This review presents known growth factors contributing to the biological efficacy of PRP and illustrates basic and （pre-）clinical evidence regarding the use of PRP and its relevant products in peripheral nerve regeneration. In addition, the potential of local application of PRP for structural and functional recovery of iniured peripheral nerves around dental implants is discussed.

关键词： neural regeneration osseoperception peripheral nerve degeneration peri-implant sensory feedback platelet-rich plasma

Definition and Verification of Shape Meter Method

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2002年第2期9卷 53-57页

作者： ZHANG Jin-zhi DUAN Chun-hua ZHU Jian-qin Central Iron&Steel research Institute Shanghai Baosteel group Co

Based on quantitative microscopic examinations of welds and welding rate for different steels (40Cr and T10A) joint, which possess the ultra fine microstructure after high frequency hardening (HFH) and salt bath cyclic quenching (SCQ), the suitable defect grey scale threshold value was determined, and the welding rate of superplastic solid state welding of different steels (40Cr and T10A steel) was systematically inspected and analyzed by means of self made ultrasonic imaging inspection system. The experimental results showed that the superplastic solid state weld of different steels can be inspected more accurately, reliably and quickly by this system, and the results were in good accordance with that of metallographic observation. The welding rate of superplastic welding is in linear relation with tensile strength of joint.

关键词： superplastic solid state welding welding rate ultrasonic nondestructive testing

Vitamin D receptor expression in human bone tissue and dose-dependent activation in resorbing osteoclasts

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Bone research 2016年第3期4卷 164-173页

作者： Allahdad Zarei Alireza Morovat Kassim Javaid Cameron P Brown Botnar research Centre Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science University of Oxford Oxford UK Clinical Biochemistry Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust Oxford UK

The effects of vitamin D on osteoblast mineralization are well documented. Reports of the effects of vitamin D on osteoclasts, however, are conflicting, showing both inhibition and stimulation. Finding that resorbing osteoclasts in human bone express vitamin D receptor （VDR）, we examined their response to different concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25（OH）D3] （100 or 500 nmol·L^-1） and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [1,25（OH）2D3] （0.1 or 0.5 nmol·L^-1） metabolites in cell cultures. Specifically, CD14＋ monocytes were cultured in charcoal-stripped serum in the presence of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand （RANKL） and macrophage colony-stimulating factor （M-CSF）. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase （TRAP） histochemical staining assays and dentine resorption analysis were used to identify the size and number of osteoclast cells, number of nuclei per cell and resorption activity. The expression of VDR was detected in human bone tissue （ex vivo） by immunohistochemistry and in vitro cell cultures by western blotting. quantitative reverse transcription-PCR （qRT-PCR） was used to determine the level of expression of vitamin D-related genes in response to vitamin D metabolites. VDR-related genes during osteoclastogenesis, shown by qRT-PCR, was stimulated in response to 500 nmol·L^-1 of 25（OH）D3 and 0.1-0.5 nmol·L^-1 of 1,25（OH）2D3, upregulating cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member I （CYP27B1） and cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member I （CYP24A1）. Osteoclast fusion transcripts transmembrane 7 subfamily member 4 （tm7sf4） and nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1 （nfatcl） where downregulated in response to vitamin D metabolites. Osteoclast number and resorption activity were also increased. Both 25（OH）D3 and 1,25（OH）2D3 reduced osteoclast size and number when co-treated with RANKL and M-CSF. The evidence for VDR expression in resorbing osteoclasts in vivo and low-dose effects of 1,25（OH）2D3 on osteoclasts in vitro may therefore provide

关键词： Vitamin D receptor expression in human bone tissue and dose-dependent activation in resorbing osteoclasts bone

Does topical vancomycin prevent fracture-related infections in closed fractures undergoing open reduction and internal fixation?A randomised controlled trial

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第2期27卷 71-76页

作者： Mohit Gandhi Gopisankar Balaji Jagdish Menon Ruben Raj Thomas Department of Orthopaedics Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPondicherryIndia Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPondicherryIndia

Purpose:The role of topical vancomycin in fracture-related infection(FRI)is *** few studies have reported their efficacy in open and high-risk extremity *** study aimed to assess topical vancomycin's role in reducing FRI in closed fractures undergoing open surgical intervention with an ***:This prospective randomized cohort study was carried out between February 2021 to January *** with isolated closed fractures,who were planned for open reduction and internal fixation within 2 weeks from the time of injury were included for this *** data collected included age,gender,socioeconomic status,mechanism of injury,diagnosis,Tscherne classification,and time interval to take up for *** were randomized into the intervention and control groups using the block randomization *** control group received only systemic antibiotic prophylaxis,whereas the intervention group received topical application of vancomycin powder in the surgical wound alongside systemic antibiotic *** primary outcome measure was the incidence of FRI among these *** and radiological findings and culture reports(in cases with infection)were recorded during the post-operative period and at 6 weeks of *** relevant statistical calculations were done using STATA statistical/data analysis-parallel edition version 16.0(StataCorp LLC).The quantitative variables like age and duration of the surgery were assessed for normalcy by Shapiro-Wilk W *** independent samples t-test with equal variances was applied to the age ***'s exact test was used for the analysis of the primary outcome measure(presence of FRI following surgery),and"Risk of FRI"and"Risk difference"between the 2 groups was *** strength of the association between qualitative variables was assessed using the Fisher's exact and Chi-square tests,***:There were 88 patients included in this *** statistical si

关键词： Infections Antibiotics Vancomycin Fractures

Quercetin regulates depression-like behavior in CUMS rat models via TLR4/NF-κB signaling

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BIOCELL 2024年第5期48卷 731-744页

作者： YUANYUAN LI BITAO ZHANG ZILONG CUI PEIJIAN FAN SHAOXIAN WANG College of Basic Medicine Hebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang050200China Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Lung Disease research Shijiazhuang050091China

Background:Depression is becoming increasingly prevalent around the world,imposing a substantial burden on individuals,families,as well as *** is known to be highly effective in treating ***,additional research is needed to dissect the mechanisms of its anti-depressive ***:For this study,Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomized into the control,model,quercetin,or fluoxetine *** latter three groups were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)for 42 *** first two groups received saline solution daily via oral ***,the quercetin group was orally administered a quercetin suspension(52.08 mg/kg)every day,while the fluoxetine group was orally administered a fluoxetine solution(2.08 mg/kg).Here,fluoxetine served as the positive control drug to compare the therapeutic effects of *** experimental period was 6 *** behaviors in rats were assessed through various physiological and behavioral ***,pathological changes in hippocampal tissues were examined using Nissl *** cytokines were detected using an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and immunohistochemistry was employed to quantify the levels and integral optical density(IOD)values of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1(Iba-1)expression in the ***-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was utilized to evaluate the mRNA levels of inflammatory indicators as well as toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),and nuclear factor-κappa B P65(NF-κB P65)in *** blot(WB)technique was employed to observe the protein levels of TLR4,NF-κB P65,and phospho-NF-κB P65(p-NF-κB P65).Results:After 42 d of exposure to CUMS,rats exhibited a slow increase in body weight,a reduction in food intake,an abnormal preference for sugar water,and aberrant open-field *** analysis revealed the disintegration,rupture,interruption,and disorganization of hippocampal neuronal cells after CUMS exposure

关键词： Quercetin Chronic unpredictable mild stress Depression Microglia TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway